Longzhong Pair Zhuge Liang analyzes the situation in the world and says it in modern Chinese.

Zhuge Liang said: "Since Dong Zhuo took power alone, heroes from all over the country have raised troops at the same time, and the number of people occupying states and counties is innumerable. Compared with Yuan Shao, Cao Cao's prestige is very small, but the reason why Cao Cao was able to defeat Yuan Shao in the end and defeat the strong with weak strength is not only because of the good weather, but also because of people's proper planning.

Now Cao Cao has an army of one million and holds the emperor hostage to order the princes, which really can't compete with him. Sun Quan has occupied Jiangdong for three generations, the terrain is dangerous, the people are attached, and talented people are appointed, Sun Quan can only use him as foreign aid in this regard, but he cannot seek him. Jingzhou is north of the Han River, the water of the water, all the way to the South China Sea supplies can be obtained, the east and Wu County, Huiji County connected, the west and Ba County, Shu County, this is the place that everyone has to fight for, but its owner is not able to hold it, this is probably the heaven to use it to fund the general, general, do you have the intention of occupying it?

Yizhou has a dangerous terrain, vast and fertile land, and superior natural conditions, with which Gaozu established the imperial industry. Liu Zhang was mediocre and cowardly, and Zhang Lu occupied Hanzhong in the north, where the people were rich and rich, but Liu Zhang did not know how to cherish them, and talented people longed for a wise monarch. The general is not only the descendant of the royal family, but also has a high prestige, is famous all over the world, widely recruits heroes, longs for talents, and is hungry and thirsty, if he can occupy the two states of Jing and Yi, hold the dangerous places, and make peace with the various ethnic groups in the west, and appease the ethnic minorities in the south, unite Sun Quan externally, and reform politics internally; Once the situation in the world has changed, send a general to lead the army of Jingzhou to the Central Plains, general, you personally lead the army of Yizhou from Qinchuan attack, who dares not to use bamboo baskets to hold food, with a pot of wine to welcome the general?

If this can really be done, then the cause of hegemony can be successful, and the Han family can be revived. ”

To put it simply: Cao Cao is the strongest, you can't beat it. Sun Quan is a hard bone and can't gnaw it.

Liu Biao and Liu Zhang are noodle melons, and they have to pinch them. Then it occupied Jingzhou Yizhou. Join forces with Sun Quan to fight against the strongest Cao Cao.

When something happened in the north, Jingzhou and Yizhou sent troops together to bully Cao Wei, who was in trouble, "Longzhong Pair", Zhuge Liang analyzed the situation in the world, and said it in modern Chinese.

He said: "Now Cao Cao has defeated Yuan Shao, has millions of troops, and he has held the Son of Heaven hostage to give orders. This cannot be won or defeated by force alone.

Sun Quan has occupied the Jiangdong area for three generations. The terrain of Jiangdong is dangerous, and now the people are attached to him, and there are still a group of talented people to work for him. It seems that they can only unite with him, and they cannot risk attacking by force.

Then, Zhuge Liang analyzed the situation in Jingzhou and Yizhou, and believed that Jingzhou was a military important place, but Liu Biao could not hold this place. The land of Yizhou is fertile and vast, and it has always been called the "land of abundance", but the owner there, Liu Zhang, is also a cowardly and incompetent person, and everyone is dissatisfied with him. Finally, he said:

The general is a descendant of the royal family, famous all over the world, if you can occupy the places of Jing and Yizhou, unite with Sun Quan externally, and rectify internal affairs internally, once you have the opportunity, you can march from Jingzhou and Yizhou to attack Cao Cao. At that time, who would not welcome the generals. In this way, the merit can be accomplished, and the Han family can be restored.

The focus is below].

If it is more concise: Cao Cao coerced the Son of Heaven to order the princes and had millions of male soldiers, and they could not compete with each other.

According to Jiangdong, Sun Quan has experienced three national dangers and the people are attached to him and can be used by meritocracy, so he can be married to foreign aid but cannot be sought. As long as Liu Bei captures Jing and Yi Prefectures, he can compete with them.

One point of the world - Cao Cao.

Since Dong Zhuo has come, heroes have been combined, and there are countless people who have crossed states and counties. Cao Cao is more famous than Yuan Shao, and he is small and outnumbered. However, the man who can be restrained, and the weak is strong, not only the time, but also the people. Today, Cao has millions of people, coercing the Son of Heaven and ordering the princes, this sincerity cannot compete with it.

Two parts of the world - Sun Quan.

The right to have Jiangdong, has been three generations, the country is dangerous and the people are attached, and the meritocracy is used for it, which can be used for aid but not for the sake of it.

Three points of the world - Liu Bei.

According to the Han Dynasty in the north of the state, the South China Sea is exhausted, the east is connected to Wuhui, and the west is connected to Bashu, this country of force, and its lord can not defend it. Yizhou is dangerous, fertile for thousands of miles, the land of abundance, and Gaozu has become an emperor because of it. Liu Zhang is weak, Zhang Lu is in the north, the people are rich and the country is rich but does not know how to save it, and the wise man thinks of Mingjun.

The general is the emperor's family, the letter is written in the four seas, the heroes are generalized, the thinking is thirsty, if there are Jing and Yi, protect its rock resistance, the west and Zhurong, the south Fu Yiyue, the outside of the good Sun Quan, the internal cultivation of political affairs; If there is a change in the world, then a general will be ordered to bring the army of Jingzhou to Xiang Wan and Luo, and the general will lead the people of Yizhou out of Qinchuan. If this is the case, then the hegemony can be achieved, and the Han family can be prosperous. ”

In summary, when Cao Cao occupied the sky in the north, he coerced the Son of Heaven to order the princes. If you fight Cao Cao, you will rebel, so you can't fight Cao Cao for the time being.

Sun Quan of Jiangdong occupies an advantageous area, and Sun Quan has owned Jiangdong for three generations. The people there have settled down and lived a very stable life, so if you go to beat him, you will definitely not be popular with the people, so you can't fight, as I said later, Sun Quan can only be a good marriage. There is also a water war in Jiangdong, Sun Quan's soldiers are all masters of water warfare, once the fight starts, Sun Quan can resist with geographical advantages, so Sun Quan occupies a favorable territory.

Liu Bei has no city, no land, no soldiers, no horses, but Liu Bei occupies people. The general is not only the emperor's family, but also writes in the four seas, and he is a hero, and he is thirsty for virtue. That's people.

So let Liu Bei get Jingzhou first, because Liu Biao's success and his son was not angry, so Zhuge Liang calculated that Liu Biao would give Jingzhou to Liu Bei. Later, Jingzhou took Sichuan, Liu Zhang of Sichuan was weak, Zhang Lu was in the north, the people were rich and did not know how to save compassion, and the wise man thought of Mingjun. In this way, Liu Bei will get one of the three points in the world.

When the world changes, it is possible to get through the world!

1 The situation at that time was such that "today Cao has a million people, and he has coerced the Son of Heaven to order the princes, and this sincerity cannot be contested." Sun Quan has Jiangdong, has been three generations, the country is dangerous and the people are attached, and the meritocracy is used for it, which can be used for aid but not for the sake of it. Jingzhou and Yizhou are places to be used, and we should take advantage of the opportunity that Liu Biao and Liu Zhang of Yizhou in Jingzhou could not defend it, "If there are Jing and Yi," replace Liu Biao and Liu Zhang, who divided Jing and Yi, and establish a reliable base to divide the world with Cao Cao and Sun Quan.

2 While seizing Jingzhou and Yizhou, he used the prestige of "the imperial family, and the faith and righteousness are focused on the four seas," to recruit talents, "internal political management", and gradually enhance political, economic, and military strength.

3 In Yizhou, it is necessary to properly handle the relationship with the ethnic minorities in the southwest region, "make peace with Zhurong in the west, and Fu Yiyue in the south," and relieve the worries of the Northern Expedition in the future.

4 In Jingzhou, it was necessary to "make a good alliance with Sun Quan" and establish an alliance with Sun Quan against Cao Cao. When "the world changes," then divide the troops into two ways, "order a general to take the army of Jingzhou to Xiang Wan and Luo, and the general will lead the people of Yizhou out of Qinchuan, "If this is the case, Liu Bei" will be able to dominate the industry, and the Han family can be prosperous. ”

I think Zhuge Liang's Longzhong strategic approach is correct. Liu Bei is in favor of Longzhong, and it is also correct to ask Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain. Although it is not the best policy, it is not the next policy.

As for the failure of the defeat of Wei, Zhuge Liang is not entirely to blame, I think Liu Bei is responsible, and Liu Chan is also responsible.

If Jingzhou is not lost, Zhuge Liang can completely assist Liu Bei to defeat Cao Wei and dominate the world. After Liu Bei won Jingzhou and Xichuan, he thought that his troops were strong and strong, and he bred the idea of underestimating the enemy and his arbitrary style. Jingzhou is such an important strategic place, and only 50,000 soldiers and horses are stationed, even if it is not controlled by Guan Yu, it is difficult to ensure that a more cautious general can hold it.

The worst thing is that Liu Bei did not listen to Zhuge Liang's opinion, and after Guan Yu's army was defeated and died, almost the whole country was defeated and Wu, resulting in the defeat of Yiling, and the company camp was burned, and there were few hundreds of thousands of troops left, which made the military strength of Shu plummet. The failures of Guan Yu and Liu Bei were the consequences of violating Zhuge Liang's established national policy of Longzhong, for which Liu Bei regretted it after the defeat.

After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang knew that it was already difficult to defeat Wei, and it was no longer the same as when Jingzhou was still there. But Zhuge Liang wanted to realize the last wish of the first emperor (Liu Bei), knowing that he could not do it, which reflected Zhuge Liang's loyalty. More importantly, Zhuge Liang knows that although he can be guaranteed for a while, he cannot be guaranteed for a long time.

If Shu does not attack Wei, Wei will attack Shu. Six out of Qishan to attack Wei, even though there are thousands of difficulties and dangers, but with the strength of Shu still has a certain strength, coupled with Zhuge Liang's courage and resourcefulness, it is not impossible to defeat Wei. It's a pity that Liu Chan was young and discordant with the world, listened to slander, and recalled Zhuge Liang from the front line when he was making great military progress.

Later, Sima Yi led the Wei army, and Zhuge Liang was in trouble with the strategy of sticking to avoid the war, which led to his illness and death in Wuzhangyuan, which made the strategic decision of the Wei Dynasty and Longzhong fall short.

When Zhuge Liang presented Longzhong to Liu Bei, Cao Cao had not yet pacified Hebei, let alone occupied Liangzhou, not even the Guanzhong army, but relied on winning over the Liangzhou army to stabilize the rule of the northwest. Zhuge Liang's "West and Zhurong" is to unite Ma Chao and them to attack the weak Chang'an, and the facts have also proved that Ma Chao and Han Sui can defeat Chang'an by themselves, which shows that Cao Cao's Guanzhong was very weak at that time.

Later generations criticized the two ways of sending troops, but it was based on the later form. Cao Cao occupied Xiangyang, Sun Quan divided the three counties, Zhang He's army advanced westward, and the Liangzhou forces were defeated. These are all very different from when they were analyzed.

Later, there were no conditions for sending troops from two directions, which does not mean that the original analysis was wrong.

Guan Yu went north with all his might, and it was also a fighter plane that appeared after the flooding of the Seventh Army, and it is not objective to count these on the mistakes of Longzhong.

Sun Liu confronted, Cao Cao attacked Hanzhong, Liu Bei in order to avoid a two-front battle, with Xiangshui as the boundary, ceded Jingzhou, these are not Zhuge Liang can predict, with the change of the situation, the strategy must also be adjusted. The level of Longzhong pair is very high. But it's just a strategic plan, don't deify it, don't discredit it.

In fact, I personally think that Longzhong itself is a mistake, occupy Jing and Yi Erzhou, wait for the world to change, and unite Wu to send troops at the same time, this strategy itself is not wrong, but it ignores the objective strength, Wei's strong national strength is enough to deal with the combination of Shu and Wu, Wei is stronger than Wu and Shu in all aspects of land, population, economy, and the longer it drags on, the more beneficial it is for Wei, although Wei did not destroy their strength in the early stage, but the defense is enough, and Wu also cooperated with Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, also dispatched 100,000 troops, but always wandered along the Yangtze River, once the Yangtze River was crossed, Wu had no combat effectiveness, which had a lot to do with the Wu soldiers were not good at land warfare.

Besides, the second route to attack Wei, even if it is developed according to the description of Longzhong, the necessary condition for the second route to attack Wei is to occupy Hanzhong and Jingzhou, and the second route means a two-line operation, and the two-line operation should not be able to support the weakest Shu State of the Three Kingdoms, and the two-line battle of Wei is relatively difficult (to deal with the combination of Shu and Wu), not to mention Shu, this strategy itself is beyond the national strength of Shu, and failure is inevitable!