What does it mean to have an air raid basement? Is civil air defense just the lowest floor in the ba

The anti-aircraft basement is a man-to-man air defense project built in combination with ground buildings. According to the Code for the Design of Civil Air Defense Basements

An anti-aircraft basement is a basement with a predetermined wartime anti-aircraft function, in which the height of the indoor ground level below the outdoor ground level in a house exceeds the clear height of the room 1 2.

Residential buildings, hotels, guest houses, shopping malls, teaching buildings of colleges and universities, offices, scientific research, medical buildings and other civil buildings in the city.

Basements that can be used for air defense in wartime should be built in accordance with the relevant state regulations. Combined with the new civilian buildings in the city, the construction of basements that can be used for air defense in wartime is to protect the residents of the city in wartime.

Nearby on-site masking is an important way to reduce losses.

Regulations on anti-aircraft basements.

Civil Air Defense Law of the People's Republic of China.

Article 18 Civil air defense projects.

It includes underground protective buildings built separately to ensure the shelter of personnel and materials in wartime, civil air defense command, medical aid, etc., as well as basements that can be used for air defense in wartime in combination with ground buildings.

Article 48 Where a new civil building is built in a city in violation of the relevant state regulations and does not build a basement that can be used for air defense in wartime, the competent department for civil air defense at or above the county level shall give a warning to the person concerned and order it to be built within a time limit, and may also impose a fine of not more than 100,000 yuan.

The above content refers to Yanbian Civil Air Defense Office - What is an air defense basement? What is a civil air defense project?

The civil air defense basement is a kind of civil air defense fortification, including external walls, buffer walls, explosion-proof doors, closed walls, protective partition walls and other parts, mainly used for civil air defense temporary bunkers, wartime air defense command centers, communication centers, shelters, etc.; Some of the permanent fortifications also have the function of three defenses. In order to ensure the needs of civil air defense command, communication, shelter, etc., the basement with predetermined protection functions also has the function of storing grain and fresh water in an emergency.

The civil air defense basement can play a role in providing cover for personnel, vehicles, and materials in wartime, and is an important civil air defense project.

The civil air defense basement project is an important facility for guarding against enemy air raids in wartime, effectively covering personnel and materials, and preserving war potential. It is an engineering guarantee that insists on fighting in towns and towns and supports the anti-aggression war for a long time until victory, and ordinary basements cannot replace civil air defense projects as shelters for air raids in wartime.

Compare to ordinary basement:

Because the civil air defense basement has the role of defending against air raids and nuclear, biochemical and chemical attacks in wartime, it has many differences from ordinary basements in the design, construction and equipment and facilities of the project

First of all, in the design of the project, the ordinary basement only needs to be designed according to the use function and load of the basement, and it can be fully buried or semi-buried underground. In addition to considering peacetime use, the air defense basement must also be designed in accordance with wartime standards, so the civil air defense basement can only be fully buried underground;

Due to the large load borne by the wartime project, the roof, exterior wall, bottom plate, columns and beams of the civil air defense basement are larger than the size of the ordinary basement. Sometimes, in order to meet the needs of the use function in peacetime, it is also necessary to carry out the conversion design before the war, such as the wartime sealing wall, the hole, the battle plus column, etc. In addition, for important civil air defense projects, it is also necessary to set up a horizontal bomb shield layer on the roof to resist the attack of missiles and bombs.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Civil Air Defense Basement.

If the basement is a civil air defense basement, it should be on the lowest floor.

In terms of level, the basement of the general peacetime and wartime combination is unlikely to monopolize the entire basement.

The entire basement belongs to the civil air defense!

Civil air defense engineering by the local competent departments planning, management, design is more complex, technical details are many, professional, the best way to learn is to combine the actual engineering design practice.

<> "What is the difference between an anti-aircraft basement and an ordinary basement.

1. The role is different.

Although these two types of basements are built underground, their functions are different. For the air defense basement, it is mainly used for air defense command, shelter and other functions, with the function of prevention and protection, and can also be used to store food or fresh water at critical moments. In the case of a normal basement, it is used as a living space, such as a wine cellar, storage room, parking lot, etc.

2. The safety equipment is different.

For the civil air defense basement, it will be more complete in the safety equipment, whether it is a fire escape, or a closed door is handled very well. In the case of a normal basement, there are only basic fire protection settings, and there are many conveniences that are not taken into account.

3. The design is different.

Before pouring concrete, all the embedded parts required for each part must be prepared to meet the relevant requirements of earthquake resistance, so as to achieve the effect of emergency refuge. Ordinary basements, on the other hand, will be simpler in design.

Precautions for basement renovation.

1. For the basement, the first thing that should be paid attention to when decorating is the moisture-proof problem, so the material must be selected with good moisture-proof effect. Generally speaking, the basement floor can be used vitrified bricks, and the walls can be wallpaper, etc., these materials are good moisture-proof.

2. Lighting is also an aspect that needs to be paid attention to when decorating the basement, because it is located underground, and doors and windows cannot be used for lighting, so the choice of lamps and lanterns is very critical, because the brightness is better. In addition, it can be arranged to increase the brightness of the room, for example, by using the refraction of light from glass to increase lighting.

There are no protection requirements for ordinary basements, and the anti-Zihengkong basement is specially designed according to the protection requirements of rotten civil air defense projects. Ordinary basements are built to stabilize above-ground buildings or achieve a certain purpose, and there are no protection requirements. As the air defense basement of the civil air defense project, it is specially designed according to the protection requirements of the civil air defense project.

The differences between them are: 1. The roof, side walls and floors of the civil air defense basement are thicker and stronger than ordinary basements, and in addition to bearing loads, there is also a certain ability to resist shock waves and conventional bomb blast waves. 2. The structure of the civil air defense basement is airtight, with poison filtration and ventilation equipment, and the equipment and ability to resist chemical and biological warfare agents, but there is no ordinary basement parade.

3. There is an outdoor safe entrance and exit in the basement of the civil air defense, but there is no ordinary basement. 4. The earthquake-proof ability of the civil air defense basement is better than that of the ordinary basement. The civil air defense basement is a kind of civil air defense fortifications, including external walls, buffer walls, explosion-proof doors, closed walls, protective partition walls and other parts, mainly used for civil air defense temporary bunkers, wartime air defense command centers, communication centers, shelters, etc., and some permanent fortifications also have three defense functions.

In order to ensure the needs of civil air defense command, communication, shelter, etc., the basement has the function of predetermined tomb grinding coarse protection, and also has the function of storing grain and fresh water in an emergency.

1. The location, scale, wartime and peacetime use of air defense basements should be planned in accordance with the combination of civil air defense construction and urban construction, and the above and below ground should be comprehensively considered and arranged. 2. The air defense basement for sheltering personnel should be arranged in a moderate position where the personnel live and work, and its service radius should not be greater than the distance between the air defense basement and the Class A and Class B flammable and explosive production plants and warehouses should not be less than 50m. The distance between the storage tanks of harmful liquids and heavy toxic gases should not be less than that of the use needs in wartime and peacetime, and the basements of Jingxiang air defense should be connected within a certain range.

5. The arrangement of the outdoor entrances and exits, air inlets, exhaust outlets, smoke exhaust outlets and ventilation windows of the air defense basement shall meet the requirements of wartime and peacetime use and the requirements of ground building planning. 6. Pipelines that have nothing to do with the air defense basement should not pass through the civil air defense enclosure structure. When it is necessary to pass through its roof due to the restriction of beam calling conditions, only water supply, heating, air conditioning and refrigerant pipes are allowed to pass through, and its nominal diameter shall not be greater than 75mm.

All pipelines entering the air defense basement and the civil air defense enclosure structure through which they pass through shall take protective and airtight measures. 7. Slag rent, inlet and exhaust fan room, pump room and other rooms that generate noise and vibration should be adopted according to the intensity of noise and the use requirements of the surrounding rooms.

The air defense basement has the requirements of "anti-nuclear, conventional, biochemical", etc., and the treatment of electrical pipelines in and out of the air defense basement must be consistent with the protection and sealing function of the cover eggplant project, and the protection and sealing of these parts are very important, when the pipeline is not tightly sealed, it will cause air leakage, poison leakage and other phenomena, and even the indoor shape of the air can not be overpressured when the poison is filtered and ventilated.

The embedded pipe on the protective airtight partition wall should take corresponding protective and airtight measures according to the different levels of engineering resistance. The embedded pipe on the closed wall is closed and blocked.

Hot-dip galvanized steel pipes with a thickness of not less than are selected for electrical pre-embedded pipelines that pass through external walls, empty walls, protective airtight partition walls and closed slag partition walls. Pipes can be selected in other parts of the pipeline according to the design code or regulations of the relevant ground building.