Case 15 of the influence of genetic factors on psychological development

On the question of the role of heredity and environment in the psychological development of children - the case.

Case 1: In 1920, two "wolf children" were found in a wolf cave in the Midnapol region of India. After being rescued, the two children behaved exactly like wolves, sleeping during the day and howling at night, crawling and walking, and grabbing food with their hands.

After four years (about the age of age), after systematic education, they began to be able to speak a little, and their intelligence was about the same level as that of a normal baby. Examine the relevant theories of children's psychological development for specific analysis.

Analysis: It shows that the role of heredity cannot be ignored, and children's psychological development is inseparable from genetic quality, and the role of genetic quality should be paid attention to, but having good genetic quality does not necessarily ensure the normal development of psychology.

Case 2: During the Northern Song Dynasty in China, Fang Zhongyong of Jinxi County, Jiangxi Province was talented, 5 years old can compose poems, and it is 'pointing to things as poems', the people around him are very surprised, and praise him, his father also thinks he is a genius, so he takes him to Sixiang every day to perform, and makes profits from it, and never let him study again, and when he is old, his poems are very dull, and people will never hear his name again. Combined with this example, let's try to make an analysis.

Analysis: Heredity is a necessary material prerequisite for children's psychological development. Individual differences in genetic predisposition provide the initial possibility for individual differences in child development.

The environment and education play a decisive role in children's psychological development, among which education plays a leading role. Fang Zhongyong left the social environment and a good education, and although he had good talents, he could not become a talent.

In the history of child psychology, there has always been a debate between heredity and environment. Hereditarians believe that a child's development is determined by genetics. Galton in England used genealogy to study the inheritance of genius, and he came to the conclusion that the relatives of celebrities tend to become celebrities, which is enough to prove that bloodline has a strong influence on the development of individuals, that is, genius is basically hereditary.

Environmentalists hold the opposite argument. In their view, heredity only gives a certain possibility, and only environment and training can determine the outcome of its development. Some even believe that the environment is everything, and deny genetic factors at all.

Watson, the founder of behaviorism, once said: "Give me a dozen able-bodied children, and raise them in my particular environment, and I can guarantee any training that will make them any specialist—a physician, a lawyer, a painter, an entrepreneur—and a beggar-thief, regardless of their ancestors' talents, tastes, morals, and races." This confidence comes from his animal studies in which environmental factors are directly controlled by experimental methods.

With the debate between heredity and environmentalism, it can be said that both have abandoned radical views to a certain extent, and to a certain extent have absorbed the other's views into their own interpretive frameworks. In other words, hard-line geneticists or environmentalists have correspondingly become moderate geneticists or environmentalists.

It is recognized that children's development is determined by the interaction and co-determination of genetic and environmental forces (including education and culture). Some scholars compare heredity to seeds and the environment to soil. It is true that plants cannot grow without seeds without soil, and it is impossible to grow without seeds without soil.

Others compare genetics and environment to fuel and oxygen, respectively, and fuel and oxygen are indispensable for combustion. By the same token, children need a synergy between genetics and the environment to thrive. However, this consensus between geneticists and environmentalists is quite general, and there is no consensus on the mechanism by which genetics and the environment play a role in child development.

Heredity is the genes in between. The environment and education play an important role for children. Heredity is generally the appearance and brain.

1. The role of heredity in human development First of all, genetic quality is the physiological prerequisite for human development and provides the possibility for human development. Heredity refers to the physiological and anatomical characteristics and instincts inherited by people through genetic material, such as body structure, morphology, sensory and nervous system characteristics, also known as genetic quality, which is the natural or physiological premise of human development. Genetic qualities themselves go through a process of development and maturation, which is manifested in the development and perfection of the morphology, structure and skills of various organs of the human body.

The maturity of genetic quality provides the possibility for the emergence of physical and mental characteristics at a certain age, thus restricting the age characteristics of human development, as we often say, "three turns, six sits and nine climbs". Thirdly, the differences in genetic qualities have a certain impact on human development. Each person's genetic qualities are determined by their individual differences, which are not only manifested in the function of body posture and sensory organs, but also in the type of neural activity.

Finally, genetic predisposition is malleable. With the role of environment, education and practical activities, people's genetic qualities are gradually changing, which is a strong evidence of the plasticity of genetic qualities. Just as today's teenagers are more than those in old China, their height and weight have increased, and their intellectual development has also increased.

Although heredity provides physiological possibilities for human development, the ultimate growth of a person does not depend on the genetic qualities of the person. Second, the role of the environment in human developmentFirst of all, the environment is the external condition of human development. The environment is the actual foundation and resource of human development, which is divided into two categories: the natural environment and the social environment, among which the social environment plays a major role in the impact on human development, which is the realistic conditions and source of children's development, and plays an irreplaceable and important role in human development.

Secondly, the given nature of the environment and the selectivity of the subject. The givenness of the environment refers to nature, history, which is objective, prior and given to the developing individual. The selectivity of the subject is because people are agents of agency, and the agency, subjectivity, selectivity and creativity of individuals will gradually increase with age and experience, which produces different effects such as some people rising up and others being depressed in adversity.

Finally, the role of the environment in human development is inseparable from people's active activities in the environment. The givenness of the environment is inseparable from the selectivity of the subject, and the givenness of the environment does not limit the selectivity of people, but stimulates people's initiative and creativity, and the interaction between the two contains the possibility of diverse development of people. Although the environment has an irreplaceable and important influence on human development, it also does not simply determine human development.

In summary, both heredity and environment play a major role in human development and have an important impact, but neither of them can determine the ultimate development of human beings, but only provide corresponding possibilities.

Summary. Dear, glad to answer for you. <>

<> heredity affects the psychological development of individuals in this way, genetic quality is the premise of people's physical and mental development, which provides the possibility for the physical and mental development of individuals. For example, a person who is born deaf is unlikely to become a ** family in the course of his life because of his hearing ability. Differences in genetic qualities have a certain impact on people's physical and mental development.

For example, children who are born short are more likely to become basketball players than tall children.

How heredity influences an individual's psychological development.

Dear, glad to answer for you. <>

<> heredity affects the psychological development of individuals in this way, and the hereditary quality of the letter wheel is the premise of human physical and mental development, which provides the possibility for the physical and mental development of individuals. If a person is born deaf, it is impossible for him to become a ** family in the course of his life because of his hearing ability. Differences in genetic qualities have a certain impact on people's physical and mental development.

For example, children who are born short are more likely to become basketball players than tall children.

The development process of genetic quality restricts the age characteristics of the physical and mental development of the younger generation. For example, we often say that three turns, six sitting, eight climbing, or late reflect this effect. The posthumous shirt refers to Li Chuan's quality as the premise of physical and mental development, providing it with possibilities and the material basis for physical and mental development.

Genetic predisposition has a certain heritability for physical and mental development, but it is malleable. The maturity of genetic predisposition restricts the level and stage of physical and mental development, and provides the possibility for the physical and mental characteristics of a specific age. <>

Answer]: A heredity, environment, education, and individual subjective initiative are several factors that affect the physical and mental development of an individual. Among them, heredity refers to the anatomical and physiological characteristics inherited from the previous generation, and these physiological characteristics are also called genetic qualities.

Heredity is the material prerequisite for the development of an individual. In addition, the environment can make the possibility of individual development a reality, school education plays a leading role in the physical and mental development of the individual, and the subjective initiative of the individual plays a decisive role in the physical and mental development of the individual. The definition and role of heredity and the role of other factors are common test points for malpractice.

Representative figures: 1, fGalton:

The founder of genetic determinism was the British FGalton:In 1869, he published the book "The Genius of Hereditary", in which he said:

A person's abilities are hereditary, and are hereditarily determined by heredity, just as the form and tissues of all organisms are heredically determined. 2. Bühler: He believes that the process of children's psychological development is a process in which children's internal qualities move towards their own goals, and that the external environment only plays a role in promoting and delaying this process, but cannot change this process.

3. Jensen (1969) summarized his more than 100 studies in 8 countries and proposed that 80% of a person's IQ comes from genetic scum. 4. British psychologist Eysenck:

It is believed that 60% of 70% of genius is determined by genetics and 30% by environment. 5. Hall: advocates the repetition of speech, which regards the development of children in the fetal period and after birth as the repetition of animal and human evolution, respectively.

He once said, "One or two genetics are worth a ton of education." ”

Hello, here are a few scholars who are considered to represent the influence of genetic factors on psychological development:1Alfred Pendos:

American psychologists have put forward the theory of the interaction between genetic and social environment and psychological development, arguing that the interaction between the two aspects is the basic factor that shapes individual behavior. 2.Anne Ainsworth-Canfield:

The British psychotype early scientist proposed a mixed model of heredity and environment on the psychological development of individuals, including the genetic model, the family model, and the model of the difference between the common environment and the non-common environment. 3.Herbert Simon:

American psychologist and computer scientist proposed the theory of cognitive simulation, which aims to explain human cognitive processes, pointing out that the cognitive processes of the brain are the result of the combined action of genes and environment. Although these scholars advocate the role of genetic factors in psychological development, the modern school of psychology believes that psychological development is the result of the combined action of genetic factors and the environment, which is known as the genetic-environment interaction model.