There are many grape diseases in the rainy season, what are the prevention and control methods?

Common insect pests are: grape moth, green bug, leaf beetle, spotted leaf cicada and other flower leaf bud pests. There are grape gall mosquitoes, flower beetles and other grape fruit pests.

There are longhorn beetles, grape moths, grape phylloxeras, and root pests. Adjust the carbon and nitrogen ratio reasonably, as long as the plot where downy mildew occurs must have the phenomenon of carbon and nitrogen ratio imbalance, it is recommended to apply more organic fertilizer, straw returning to the field, orchard grass, or root zone mulching for many years, and control the use of nitrogen fertilizer at the same time. (1) In the growing season and autumn pruning, it is necessary to completely remove diseased branches, leaves, and fruits, and burn them intensively.

2) Cut off the excess branches and leaves in time to create ventilation and light transmission conditions. (3) Spray a small amount of Bordeaux solution every 10 days or so before the onset of the disease for protection.

Daifenaconazole, enazole, mycelin, difenoconazole, Fuxing, Shigao have good control effects. Kebo, must, etc. are good protective agents downy mildew: it is very easy to occur in rainy weather; Commonly used agents are Cork (enoylmorpholine), methafen, ethylphosphine aluminum, frosturea cyanide, mold and so on.

Grape downy mildew. It is mainly harmful to leaves, and the surface of the diseased part is characterized by a gray-white and frost-like mold layer. Rainy, foggy, and open-air weather are most suitable for the onset of the disease.

Prevention and control methods: prevention and control in the rainy season, spray 200 times Bordeaux liquid 2-3 times from July. Grape white rot, grape white rot is also a more common disease of grape growers, targeted grape disease prevention and control is very important, we can in addition to picking rotten leaves, first of all, it is not recommended that you increase nitrogen fertilizer when planting grapes.

Grape black pox disease has symptoms throughout the plant, such as black spots on inflorescences, fruits, stems, etc. Young leaves become diseased and stop growing, causing the leaves to shrink and deform. The old leaves are damaged, producing sparse and unequal yellow round spots, which are dry and perforated in the later stage.

After the fruit is damaged, the first gray-white control method is produced: mainly the use of drugs to prevent and control, can be used mold doke, Baitai Anke; DuPont eBaoTech Anker; Chlorobromoisocyanuric acid can also be used for prevention and control, please refer to the instructions for specific use.

The most important thing is to take precautions, and if there is rainy weather, we must be prepared to spray pesticides as soon as possible, so that we can get the disease early. Of course, if there is a pest infestation, the most important thing to do is to focus on Bordeaux liquid, adapt other drugs, spray pesticides as soon as possible, and solve the problem as soon as possible.

First of all, when planting, we must choose the soil is more fertile and broad land, and in the process of fertilization, we must choose farmhouse fertilizer, do not use the fertilizer bought outside, but also often water more, to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases, if there is a situation of small insects, then we must spray insecticides in time.

First of all, you should carry out regular topdressing, but also regularly water the grapes, and at the same time ensure that the vines are free of diseased plants and leaves. Pesticides should also be sprayed regularly.

The first step is to spray pesticides so that the grapes in the vineyard are protected from these pests and diseases. The second is to increase the amount of fertilizer appropriately, so that when the grapes are thriving, they will no longer be afraid of happiness. Finally, you can find some Bordeaux liquid to spray before and after flowering, so that there will be no pests and diseases.

Regular drainage, draining the vineyard and increasing the temperature in the greenhouse are all ways to prevent and control the disease, so that the grapes will become healthier and healthier, and the yield will be increased.

The main diseases of grapes are and the prevention and control are:

1. Grape anthracnose

Control measures: Completely remove diseased ears, diseased vines and diseased leaves to reduce the source of bacteria. In areas south of the Yangtze River, it can be bagged immediately after flowering. Strengthen cultivation management, timely rectification, tying vines, topping, stuffy socks to ventilate the shelf surface. Increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and control the amount of nitrogen fertilizers.

2. Grape white rot

Control measures: Completely remove diseased branches, panicles and leaves. Pruning in time, raising the fruiting part, weeding in time, and paying attention to drainage. For long-growing plants, it is strictly forbidden to apply nitrogen fertilizer before flowering.

3. Grape downy mildew

Control measures: remove fallen leaves, bury or burn diseased branches. Timely topping, pruning, drainage and weeding, and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Spraying should be started at the beginning of the disease. In the north, spraying is usually done every 15 days from early to mid-June.

Nutrition of grapes:

Grapes are similar to most crops in that they need about 17 nutrients to grow: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum, chlorine, cobalt.

With the exception of nitrogen, most of the remaining elements are absorbed from the soil by the roots, and the proportional relationship is as follows: 94% of the fresh tissue of crops is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from air and water, and only nutrients from the soil.

The above content reference:

Encyclopedia — Grapes.

Encyclopedia - Grape pest control technology.

White rot is a disease that is harmed by the wild edge and causes heavy losses, first on the fruit stalk and fruit stalk, there are brown, irregular water-stained lesions, and gradually spread to the particles, and there are gray-white small grain spots on the fruit surface, causing the fruit to turn brown and rot. For the control of grape pests and diseases, the principle of "prevention first, prevention and control combined" is mainly carried out, that is, during the growth period, when the disease does not occur, according to the climatic conditions and different growth stages of the ridge to carry out reasonable spraying protection.

There are many pesticides for diseases and insect pests on grapes, and it is recommended that you use good agents to prevent them in advance. If you want the grapes to produce good quality fruits, you should take precautions as early as possible, and do a good job of clearing the vineyard during the dormant period of the grapesSpray deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos, etc. in the initial incubation period, and hook the larvae after the damage is found, or use a cotton ball dipped in fumigants (dichlorvos, trichlorfon, etc.) to plug the worm holes, and then seal them with soil.

Biological control is to make full use of the natural enemies of grape pests and diseases to achieve the purpose of inhibiting the development of pests and diseases or eliminating pests and diseases. To put it bluntly, it is to treat insects with insects and bacteria with bacteria. This method has the characteristics of being safe for grapes, green and ecological, and does not pollute the environment.

The vineyard should be cleaned and disinfected, and when appropriate, the diseased branches and residual branches should be removed in time through pruning, the old bark should be scraped off in time, and the diseased branches and residual leaves should be concentrated for treatment. After pruning in winter and summer, it is necessary to tie it in time.

In winter, the land is turned deeply, and a part of the larvae and grubs of the beetles are frozen, and the adults take the tree to knock the insects, knock the beetle to the ground, and the bags on the ground are concentrated to kill. Usually vineyard management should be attentive, pay attention to grape pests and diseases in time, find pests and diseases in time to irrigate the orchard reasonably, do a good job of drainage and drought resistance in time, pay attention to observe the growth of fruit trees in the rainy season, and prevent and control the occurrence of pests and diseases in time. Timely topdressing of fruit trees to ensure that fruit trees and fruit ears grow robustly, have sufficient nutrition, and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.

Pesticides. Because pesticides can prevent and improve many diseases, pesticides should be used to prevent and control.

If there is continuous rainy weather, at this time, the locust should open all the doors of the greenhouse, and then uncover the basin membrane to ensure that the leaves are not rainforest and reduce the humidity in the greenhouse.

You can put a plastic sheet on top of the grapes, and you can wait until the grapes bloom to lower the temperature in the vineyard so that the temperature is not too high.

In the early stage, we should pay attention to the prevention and control of powdery mildew, downy mildew and other diseases, reduce disease wounds, and use safe pesticides in the young fruit stage to avoid the peel being too tight or the peel being injured. Before the grapes bud break. For example, stone sulfur mixture and boador liquid are evenly sprayed on the plants, remember not to miss them.

After the fruit is hung, the water and fertilizer should be reasonable to prevent cracking, which is easy to cause acid rot. How to treat because it is a fungus, so it is necessary to choose the right medicine, the best medicine prevention and control is to prevent powdery mildew, anthrax, etc., focusing on the prevention and control of vinegar flies, you can use 1000 times of high chlorine, 1000 times of emamectin salt, and 40% of the fungicide can be used with 40% water bile alum gypsum wettable powder twice, with an interval of 7 days.

<> bacteria can be mixed with insecticides. Solving the flies blocks the main transmission route of acid rot (only the natural water is left to spread to the fruit below the diseased grains). Flydom is a good choice.

But remember to spray evenly and thoughtfully, including posts, wires, ground, and surrounding weeds. In short, the effective flight distance of flies, I remember that the book said about six meters, the comprehensive control of grape rot.

Reasonable fertilization, more organic fertilizer, enhance tree potential, improve tree disease resistance. Improve the fruiting part, and leave no ears below 50, reducing the chance of pathogen infection. Reasonably determine the load, the distance between the new shoots shall not be less than 10, and the ventilation shall be good.

Timely topping, acid rot prevention and control measures: first of all, we should strengthen the management of the orchard, tie the vines reasonably, and maintain ventilation and light transmission between grape plants; Reasonable irrigation, do a good job of drainage measures on rainy days to prevent soil water accumulation; Do a good job of thinning flowers and fruits, keep the fruit ears loose, prevent the fruit from squeezing and cracking each other during the expansion period, water frequently, the best time for watering is in the morning and evening, the purpose of watering is to maintain the humidity of the vineyard, in case of sudden rain in dry weather, dry mouth, a large amount of water absorption causes the peel to swell, and the pants can not keep up with the pulp and crack the fruit.

Thinning flowers and fruits During the growth process of grapes, flowers and fruits should be properly thinned and the ears of overly dense sparrows should be cut off reasonably, so that the growth space of the fruits will not be crowded and the fruits will be cracked, so as to avoid the invasion of bacteria from the wound. Proper pruning of inflorescences can concentrate nutrients and improve fruit set and quality.

Downy mildew, beetle, beetle, spodoptera exigua, white rot, moths, scale insects, powdery mildew are all things that need to be controlled.

Black pox, white rot, anthracnose, downy mildew, gray mold, etc., should be controlled, all of which can affect the yield of grapes.

At this time, it is necessary to prevent black pox disease, downy mildew, anthracnose and white rot in time, and these four diseases are very serious, and the probability of occurrence is relatively high.

Control grape pests and diseases from the following 6 aspects:

1.Phytosanitary.

In the development of grape production and introduction, the introduction of seedlings, cuttings and other propagation materials must be quarantined, found that the sharp state with pathogens, pests of the material to be treated or destroyed, it is strictly forbidden to introduce into new areas.

2.Biocontrol.

It mainly includes insect treatment, fungus treatment, and insect treatment with bacteria. Biological control has a long-term control effect on the safety of fruit trees and humans and animals, does not pollute the environment, does not harm natural enemies and beneficial organisms. At present, the agricultural anti-402 biological pesticide used in production is applied to the root cancer tumor after resection, which has a good disease prevention effect.

3.Physical control.

Use the specific response and tolerance ability of fruit tree pathogens and pests to temperature, spectrum, sound, etc., to kill or repel pests. For example, the non-toxic seedlings advocated in the current production are to remove the virus by heat treatment.

4.Chemical control.

The application of chemical pesticides to control the occurrence of pests and diseases is still the main means of controlling pests and diseases, and it is also an indispensable and important part of comprehensive control. Although chemical pesticides have problems such as polluting the environment, killing natural enemies and residual toxicity, they have the advantages of fast effect, good effect, broad spectrum and easy to use.

5.Agricultural control.

Keep the field clean, remove the diseased branches and leaves, diseased fruits and ears that are harmed by diseases and insects at any time, bury or destroy them in a concentrated way, reduce the source of disease, and reduce the harm of the next year; Tie vines, topping, remove secondary tips in time, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the shelf surface, and reduce the harm of diseases and insects; Strengthen fertilizer and water management, enhance tree potential, can improve the ability of plants to resist pests and diseases, apply more organic fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and use less chemical nitrogen fertilizer, which can make grape plants grow strong and reduce diseases; Remove weeds in time, eradicate the living environment and wintering places of pests and diseases.

6.Disease resistance breeding.

The selection of varieties or rootstocks that are resistant to pests and diseases, and disease resistance breeding have always been a topic that grape breeders attach great importance to. In recent years, the European and American hybrids of the Kyoho line introduced from Japan are a disease-resistant group cultivated through cross-breeding, and compared with the Eurasian species, it has strong resistance to black pox, anthracnose, white rot and downy mildew in Yinliyuan grapes.

White rot, anthracnose, brown spot and other diseases and pests are the most common pests and diseases of grapes, and the occurrence of pests and diseases should be prevented through various methods such as physical and chemical intervention and agricultural control.

Grapes are a highly profitable cash crop for growers, but they are prone to pests and diseases during their growth. Downy mildew, white rot, anthracnose and brown spot are the most susceptible to pests and diseases during growth, which can damage the leaves of the grapes and cause the fruit to rot and affect the quality and yield of the grapes. After discovering pests and diseases, it is necessary to use drugs in time**, but relevant prevention and control work should also be done in advance.

To prevent the occurrence of grape pests and diseases, we should do a good job in the inspection of seedlings, especially when introducing new grape varieties, the introduction of seedlings and cuttings and other propagation materials should be inspected as necessary, and materials with pathogens and pests should be found to be treated in a timely and effective manner to avoid it from being introduced into new planting areas and avoid causing a large area of pathogens and pest infections, so as to prevent and control the occurrence of a variety of pests and diseases, which is conducive to the normal growth of grapes.

Through a variety of biological methods such as insect treatment, fungus treatment, and insect treatment with bacteria, it is also possible to prevent and control the emergence of grape diseases and insect pests. The method of biological control is safe for grapes and humans and animals, does not pollute the environment, does not harm natural enemies, and is conducive to the long-term control of pests and diseases. At present, the biopesticides widely used in the market have a good disease prevention effect when applied to the root nodules after excision, which can prevent grapes from being infected by these pathogenic bacteria or reduce its incidence.

Through physical means can also achieve the control of grape pests and diseases, the use of fruit tree pathogenic pests to the temperature spectrum and sound and other specific response and tolerance ability to kill or distinguish harmful organisms, now the market advocates non-toxic seedlings, it is recommended to use heat treatment method to remove the virus, so that grape planting after the occurrence of few pests and diseases. Agricultural control is also an effective way to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases in grapes, it is to keep the field clean, timely clean up the debris and diseased fruits that are harmed by pests and diseases, and concentrate on deep burial or consumption, reduce pathogens and prevent the spread of pathogens and pests.