What are the similarities and differences between dicot leaves and monocot leaves?

Dicotyledons and monocots are composed of three parts: epidermis, cortex and vascular column. The developmental order of primary vascular tissues is the same.

The difference is that the stem has no cortex, and the vascular column is divided. The basic tissue and the vascular bundles scattered between them, the xylem has a vascular sheath outside the phloem.

Dicotyledon.

Commonalities with monocots: the cambium layer of the woody stems of gymnosperms and dicots persists for a long time, producing secondary structures. The stem thickens year by year and has significant growth rings.

Differences between dicots and monocots:

First, the difference between leaves.

The leaves of monocots are basal, and when they bloom, they will have stems and leaves, and there is a ** leaf. It usually has an elongated petiole with a sheath-like and dehisced base, with the main vein parallel to the leaf margin. The leaves of dicots have two ** leaves and have reticular veins.

Second, the difference between flowers.

The flowers of monocots are bisexual or unisexual, with a base of three, with 6 tepals arranged in two wheels. Calyx.

It is more similar to the corolla. In dicots, the base is usually five or four, and there is no three, and the shape of the calyx and corolla is mostly completely different.

3. The difference between roots.

The taproot of monocots is generally underdeveloped, it is a fibrous root formed by a large number of adventitious roots, and there is no direct lineage.

Root. The taproots of dicots are generally more developed, and most of them are direct roots.

The similarity lies in the fact that they all have roots, leaves, stems, flowers, seeds, and fruits. However, they all have different differences, and the differences are obvious, which is also the basis for distinguishing.

The number of cotyledons is different, the root morphology is different, the leaf veins are different, the vascular layout of the stem is different, and the cardinal number of each part of the flower is different.

The similarities are all seed plants. The difference is that monocots are all herbaceous plants, and they are born with only one ** leaf, which is a parallel leaf vein. Dicotyledons are born with two ** leaves, which are reticulated leaf veins. Thank you.

What are the similarities and differences between dicots and monocots, the similarity is that they are both leaves and then different, they are one single and one double.

The leaves of the plants are arranged differently, and the growing points are also different.

<>1. Dicotyledons.

Most of them are with permeable straight root system and monocot plants.

It is mostly fibrous roots.

2. Differences in primary structure:

Epidermal layer: When exposed to the ground, there is a risk of keratinization on the outer wall and even the entire cell wall.

of corked or lignified.

Cortex: The outer cortex of monocotyledon has occasional woody fibers in addition to parenchyma cells. In the monocotyledon endothelium, except for the passing cells close to the ducts, the rest of the peritan cells are not only corked or lignified in radius to the lateral wall, but also tangential.

The medial lateral wall, or even the entire cell wall, is corked or lignified and thickened.

Middle column: The primary xylem of monocotyledonous fabric has many origins, often reaching more than 8 to 30, and the pith is extremely well developed. The mestila sheath and all the parenchyma within it do not have the ability to meristem and cannot be transformed into a cambium.

3. Secondary structure: The secondary growth of roots is only found in gymnosperms and dicots.

4. Some species of dicots are endemic to a type of tripod structure, the special-shaped structure of the root: the continuous generation of new cambium rings in the cortex, and the formation of new heterotyped vascular bundles.

Differences: 1. Root.

Dicotyledons: taproot.

Monocots: fibrous root system.

2. Stems. Dicotyledons: range from tall trees to low herbs.

Monocots: mostly herbaceous, a few trees.

3. Leaves. Dicotyledons: reticulated veins.

Monocots: parallel veins or arcuate veins.

4. Flowers. Dicotyledons: 5 (or ) cardinal numbers.

Monocots: 3 cardinal numbers.

5. Seeds. Dicotyledons: The embryo has 2** leaves.

Monocots: The embryo has 1** leaves.

First, the difference between blades.

1. Monocots.

In life all plants are divided into dicots and monocots, so what is the difference between dicots and monocots, generally dicots have two or more cotyledons, while monocots have only one cotyledon.

2. Dicotyledons.

In addition to the difference in the number of cotyledons, in fact, the veins on the leaf surface of dicots are mostly reticulated or irregularly patterned, while the leaves of monocots are smooth and may be mixed with other colors, which is very different from the two.

Second, the difference between endosperm.

Dicotyledons and monocots have almost the same seeds, but dicot seeds do not have endosperm, while monocot seeds have endosperm, so there are certain differences in planting methods.

3. The number of petals.

The number of petals produced by each plant is different, and generally the petals of dicots are more than 4, while the petals of monocots are less than 3, and each has different ornamental value.

1. The taproot is different.

Dicotyledons have well-developed taproots, mostly straight roots; The taproot of monocots is underdeveloped, and most of them have fibrous roots.

2. The stem vascular bundles are different.

Dicotyledonous stem vascular bundles are often arranged in a ring-like pattern with cambium; Monocots stem vascular bundles are scattered and have no cambium.

3. The shape of the leaf veins is different.

Dicotyledonous leaves often have reticular veins; Monocot leaves often have parallel veins.

4. The pollen germination holes are different.

Dicotyledon pollen often has 3 germination pores; Monocot pollen often have a single germination pore.

5. The number of cotyledons is different.

Dicotyledonous seeds often have 2** leaves; Monocot seeds often have 1** leaves.

6. The flower base is different.

dicot flowers often 5 or 4 cardinal bases; Monocot flowers often 3 cardinal numbers.

4 ways to distinguish dicots and monocots:

1. Blade differences.

Monocots: In life all plants are divided into dicots and monocots, so what is the difference between dicots and monocots, generally dicots have two or more cotyledons, while monocots have only one cotyledon.

Dicotyledons: In addition to the difference in the number of cotyledons, in fact, most of the veins on the leaf surface of dicots are reticulated or irregularly patterned, while the leaves of monocots are smooth and may be mixed with other colors, which is very different from the two.

2. The difference between endosperm.

The seeds of monocots have endosperm.

Dicotyledonous seeds do not have endosperm.

3. The number of petals.

Dicotyledons: The number of petals produced by each plant is different, and generally the number of petals produced by dicots is more than 4.

Monocots: Flowers with less than 3 petals have different ornamental value.

4. The foundation is different.

Dicotyledons: The roots grow larger and larger, and the roots grow quickly.

Monocots: Roots do not grow large to a certain extent, and the roots grow slowly.

1. Comparison of primary structures of dicot roots and stems.

1) Commonality: All of them are composed of three parts: epidermis, cortex and vascular column, and the cell types of each part are basically the same in roots and stems, and the development sequence of primary phloem in roots and stems is exogenous.

2) Differences: a There are no root hairs and stomata on the epidermis; b Presence or absence of endothelial layer, Kjeldahl zone, and middle column sheath; c Arrangement of xylem and phloem; d, the developmental sequence of primary xylem; e Presence or absence of medullary and medullary radiations.

2. Compare the primary structure of gymnosperms, dicots and monocots roots.

1) The common point of the three is that they are all composed of three parts: epidermis, cortex and vascular column; The epidermis of the mature zone has root hairs, the cortex has an outer cortex and an endothelial layer, and the vascular column has a middle column sheath; The developmental order of primary vascular tissues is the same.

2) gymnosperms differ from angiosperms in that they are; a The composition of vascular tissues is different, gymnosperms have no ducts in the primary xylem but only tracheids, and the primary phloem has no sieve tubes and companions but sieve cells. b The roots of the order Cunninghamia have the development of resin tracts in the primary vascular bundles.

3) The difference between monocots and gymnosperms and dicots in the primary structure of roots is that the endothelial layer does not stay in the Kjeldahl zone stage, but continues to develop into five-sided thickening (lignification and plugification), and only a few endothelial cells located at the xylem ridge still maintain the structure of the initial development stage. This is a channel cell.

3. Compare the primary structure of gymnosperms, dicots, and monocots stems.

1) All three have epidermis, vascular tissue, and parenchyma tissue.

2) Characteristics of the primary structure of gymnosperm stems: a It is composed of epidermis, cortex and vascular columns as well as dicot stems; b Differences with angiosperms: primary xylem tracheids without ducts, primary phloem with sieve cells without sieve tubes and companion cells; The primary structure stage is very short, and there are no grassy stems that stay in the primary structure stage for life.

3) The difference between monocots and dicots and gymnosperms in the primary structure of stems is as follows: a stem has no cortex and vascular column, but has basic tissue and vascular bundles scattered in between: xylem and phloem have vascular sheaths outside the stem.

b The vast majority of monocots have no clumbium in the middle of the bundle.

4. Compare the secondary structure of gymnosperms and dicot stems.

1) What the two have in common: the cambium layer of the woody stem of gymnosperms and dicots persists for a long time, producing a secondary structure. The stem thickens year by year and has significant growth rings.

2) The differences between the two: a The secondary xylem of most gymnosperm stems is composed of tracheids, wood parenchyma and rays, and most of them have no ducts and no typical wood fibers; b The secondary phloem of gymnosperms is composed of sieve cells, bast parenchyma and rays, and generally lacks sieve tubes, companion cells and bast fibers. c.

Some gymnosperms often have resin channels in the cortex and vascular columns of gymnosperm stems.

Monocots are fibrous root system, the taproot is not developed, the seed germinates with 1 leaf, the stem cannot be thickened and grown, the flower leaves are 3 cardinal bases, and the leaves are parallel veins or arc veins. Dicotyledons have a straight root system with a well-developed taproot, a cambium layer on the stem, which can be thickened and grown, a 4 or 5 cardinal base of the flower leaves, and a reticular vein in the leaves. Common monocots are barley, wheat, corn, sorghum, etc., and dicot plants are magnolia, smile, rose, peach, pea, etc.

The difference between the two is that the seed of a monocot has 1 leaf when it germinates. The root system is fibrous root system, the taproot is not developed, mainly herbaceous plants, woody plants are very few, vascular bundles are scattered, the stem has no cambium, and the stem cannot be thickened and grown. The flowers and leaves are generally 3 cardinal points, the pollen has 1 germination pore, and the leaves are parallel veins or arc veins.

Dicotyledonous seeds have two leaves when they germinate. The root system is straight, the taproot grows well, the vascular bundles are arranged in a ring, the stem has a cambium layer, and the stem will grow thicker and longer. The leaves are generally 4 or 5 cardinal, if the petals are combined, there will be 4 or 5 lobes, the pollen has 3 germination holes, and the leaves are reticulated veins.

Dicotyledons (Magnolia).

Interpretation Dicotyledons generally refer to flowering plants with 2** leaves on their seeds, and in the whole angiosperms, dicots occupy most of them, basically in addition to trees, including melons, fruits, fibers, vegetables, oils, etc. Monocots, on the other hand, include only food crops such as barley, wheat, maize, sorghum and rice.

The leaves of dicots are broad and flattened, and the veins are reticulated, and the leaves of monocots are banded, and the veins are parallel.

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Parallel veins.