What is Dicotyledon, a monocot

Leaves: Dicotyledons: infinite vascular bundles, petioles, reticular veins, green tissues (chlorenchyma), some with epidermal hairs, and no paraguard cells.

Monocots: finite vascular bundles, no petioles, parallel veins, no palisade tissue and sponge tissue differentiation, equifolial, vesicular cells, and dumbbell cells of the guard cell.

Stem: Monocots have the same apical structure as dicots, but the structure of the stems developed by them is different. Most monocots have only primary structures in their stems, and a few species have secondary structures that are different from dicots.

Monocots: The vascular bundles of the stems are arranged in bulk, and they generally cannot be thickened because there is no cambium, and the thickening of the stems of sugarcane, corn and other stems is due to the primary thickening meristem, which has vascular sheaths.

Dicotyledons: Vascular bundles of stems arranged in a periphoral pattern. Secondary vascular tissue: there are secondary interfascicular cambiums, wood rays, vascular rays. Pericarp: cork cambium, cutaneous pores.

Roots: Monocots are mostly fibrous roots. In some monocots, the middle column sheath has multiple layers of cells (usually one layer), the number of xylem ridges is large, and the cells in the vascular cambium of dicots are not cambium differentiated, and often develop into thick-walled tissues after hardening.

In most dicots, the endothelial cell wall often has a band-like thickening of embolism and lignification, which surrounds the transverse and radial walls of the cell, called the Casparian band (gymnosperms also have it), and a few have myelin. There are secondary growths.

Dicotyledons: The seeds have two ** leaves, which generally grow into Y-shaped buds, and the leaf veins are generally reticulated veins. Such as soybeans, peanuts.

Monocotyledons: It is only one cotyledon, which generally grows straight needle-like buds, and the leaf veins are generally parallel veins. Such as rice, wheat, sorghum, etc.

Monocots and dicots are well distinguished, monocots have parallel veins, no endosperm, only 3 petals, small stems, fibrous roots, and only 1** leaf in the seed embryo. Dicotyledonous leaf veins are reticulated, with endosperm, 4 5 petals, the stem is thick and straight, and there are two ** leaves in its seed embryo.

Monocotyledons.

In fact, the biggest difference between monocots and dicots is their leaves, which can be easily distinguished by careful observation of their veins. Dicotyledons have reticulated veins on their leaves, while monocots have parallel veins.

It is also possible to distinguish between the two plants by observing whether the seeds of the plant have endosperm or not. In monocots, there is no endosperm on the seeds, but in dicots, it is obvious that the endosperm is present on the seeds.

Dicotyledon.

In fact, monocots and dicots also have different petals, which can be distinguished by this. Monocots generally have only 3 petals on their flowers, but dicots have more petals on their flowers, usually 4 to 5 petals.

Compared with the stem of dicots, the stem of monocots has a missing cambium layer in its tissue composition, so the stem of monocots cannot continue to grow, and is often smaller. Dicotyledons can grow their stems through the cambium layer.

There is also a clear distinction between monocots and dicots in the root system, which can be easily distinguished. The root system of dicots is an erect root, of which the taproot is well developed; On the other hand, the root system of monocots is whiskered, and the taproot is not well developed.

The number of cotyledons growing in the embryo of a seed is the key to distinguishing between monocots and dicots. Among them, monocots that develop 1** leaves in the seed embryo are monocots, and those with 2** leaves are dicots.

Summary. Hello and glad to serve you! 1.

The leaf veins are different: the dicots have reticular veins, and the monocotyledons have parallel veins. 2.

The seeds are different: the embryo of monocotyledonous seeds has only one ** leaf, and the dicotyledon has two. 3.

Mosaic is different: the number of dicotyledon mosaic leaves is a multiple of 4, and the number of monocotyledonous mosaic leaves is a multiple of 3. 4.

The rhizomes are different: dicots have a straight root system, and monocotyledons have fibrous roots.

Hello and glad to serve you! 1.The veins are different:

Dicotyledons have reticular veins, and monocotyledons have parallel veins. 2.Seeds are different:

The embryo of a monocotyledonous seed has only one ** leaf, and the dicot has two. 3.The mosaic leaves are different:

The number of flowers and leaves of the twin blind leaves is a multiple of 4, and the number of monocotyledons is a multiple of 3. 4.The rhizomes are different:

Dicotyledons have a straight root system, and monocotyledons have fibrous roots.

Hello Kuanchun, I'm glad to burn for you! The difference between the leaves of dicots and monocots is that the veins are different: the dicots have reticular veins, and the monocots have parallel veins.

Monocotyledons. Differs from dicots:

1. Seed difference: The most fundamental difference between monocots and dicots is that the seeds are different, the seeds of monocots have only one leaf when they germinate, while the seeds of dicots have two leaves when they germinate. <>

2. The difference between mosaic leaves: the number of flowers and leaves of monocots is mostly 3 bases, that is, the number of flowers and leaves is a multiple of 3, and the number of flowers and leaves of dicots is mostly 4 bases, that is, the number of flowers and leaves is a multiple of 4. The flowers of monocots are bisexual or unisexual, with 6 tepals, arranged in two rounds, and calyxes.

It is similar to the corolla, while the calyx and corolla of dicots are mostly completely different in shape.

3. Root difference: the roots of monocots are mainly fibrous roots, and the roots of dicots are mainly straight roots.

Monocots: the leaves are parallel or arcuate; cotyledons monolithic; The number of flowers is usually 3, and the calyx and corolla are very similar and difficult to distinguish;

Anatomically: the vascular bundles in the stem are scattered and do not arrange in loops. If it is arranged in a circle, it is arranged in two or more circles, and there is no cambium, so it cannot produce secondary xylem and secondary phloem, and it belongs to finite vascular bundles (closed vascular bundles), so the stems of monocots cannot be arbitrarily thickened; The stomata on the leaves of monocots are arranged in a relatively regular manner, mostly arranged in rows; Pollen of monocots with a single germination pore.

Such as wheat, onions, rice, etc.

Dicotyledons: straight roots; The leaves have reticular veins; cotyledons two; The flower base is usually 5 or 4, and the morphology of the calyx and corolla is also very different; Anatomically: the vascular bundles in the stem are arranged in a ring, that is, arranged in a circle, and there is a cambium layer, which can produce secondary xylem and secondary phloem, which belongs to the infinite vascular bundles (open vascular bundles), so that the stem of the dicot can continue to thicken;

The stomata on the leaves of dicots are irregularly arranged and mostly scattered; The pollen of dicots has 3 germination pores.

Such as apple trees, poplars, elms, acacias, cotton, sunflowers, etc.

The leaky leaves of single-lobed Zhengyedonous plants are basal, and there will be stem leaves when flowering, with a ** leaf. It usually has an elongated petiole with a sheath-like and dehisced base, with the main vein parallel to the leaf margin. The leaves of dicots have two ** leaves and have reticular veins.

The flowers of monocots are bisexual or unisexual, with a base of three, with 6 tepals arranged in two wheels. Calyx and corolla are more similar. In dicots, the base number is usually five or four, and there is no three base number, and the shape of the flower and corolla is mostly completely different.

The taproot of monocots is generally underdeveloped, it is a fibrous root formed by most adventitious roots, and there are no direct roots. The taproots of dicots are generally more developed, and most of them are direct roots.

Plant classification

Among all angiosperms, they can be divided into two main groups, namely dicots and monocots. The fundamental difference between them is the development of two ** leaves or one ** leaf in the embryo of the seed, two are called dicots, and one is called monocots.

The root system of monocots is basically fibrous roots, and the taproot is underdeveloped, and the root system of dicots is basically straight. In the whole angiosperms, the species of dicots account for four-fifths of the total, in addition to almost all trees, dicots also have many fruits, melons, fibers, oil plants, and many vegetables, while monocots have a large number of food plants, such as rice, corn, barley, wheat, sorghum, etc.

Difference Between Monocots and Dicots: Different seeds, different mosaic leaves, different rhizomes, different leaves.

1. The seeds are different.

The embryo in a dicot seed will develop into two leaves, whereas the embryo in a monocot seed can only form one leaf.

2. The flowers and leaves are different.

Dicotyledons mostly have 4 to 5 petals, and if the petals are combined, there are five or six lobes, while monocots usually have three or three petals.

3. The rhizomes are different.

In terms of different root systems, most of the root systems of dicots are straight roots, with a relatively thick and developed taproot, and the others around are slender lateral roots, and the roots of monocots are more developed, mostly fibrous roots, and the taproot will not continue to grow after a period of time, so its rhizome will become lateral roots after forming adventitious roots.

4. The leaves are different.

The leaves of dicots mostly grow on the sides of the branches, whereas the leaves of monocots mostly grow on the stems.

Primary tectonic characteristics of dicot roots:

The embryo of dicot seeds has 2 cotyledons, the plant body has various habits, the vascular bundles in the stem are arranged in a ring, there is a cambium layer, so that the stem can continue to thicken, the leaves have reticular veins, the flowers are usually 5 or 4 cardinal bases, and the taproot is developed, forming a straight root system.

After the roots of dicots (including gymnosperms) complete their primary growth, the parenchyma cells between the primary xylem and the primary phloem and the mesocolumn sheath cells at the top of the primary xylem regain their meristem and form the vascular cambium (cambium).

The cambium meristem differentiates the secondary phloem outward, which is added within the primary phloem, and the inward meristem differentiates the secondary xylem and is added outside the primary xylem, so that the secondary vascular tissue is formed.

At this time, the middle column sheath cells also begin to regain their meristem and transform into a wooden tether cambium. The cork cambium differentiates the cork layer outward, and the inner layer of the cork differentiates inward, and the cork layer, the cork cambium layer and the inner layer of the cork are collectively called pericarp. <>