How to treat eardrum perforation? How is eardrum perforation treated?

Perforation of the tympanic membrane may be due to suppurative otitis media or trauma. If the eardrum is perforated due to trauma, avoid blowing the nose and water entering the ear canal, and keep the ear canal dry. Generally, it will heal on its own in two weeks, but if it does not heal after 3 months, tympanic membrane repair can be considered.

If it is a perforation of the eardrum caused by purulent otitis media, it is necessary to give hydrogen peroxide to irrigate the ear canal, drain the pus, and then use levofloxacin hydrochloride ear drops, and at the same time give oral stimulation drugs to avoid upper respiratory tract reversal, avoid blowing the nose and water into the ear canal. Small perforations can heal on their own after inflammation**, and patients whose eardrums still do not heal after 3 months can also be considered for surgical repair.

In general, a small perforation of the eardrum does not require surgery, and the doctor will instruct the patient to clean the ear canal with an alcohol cotton ball. If you have an infection in the ear canal, use antibiotic lotion or oral antibiotic medications. A perforated tympanic membrane heals on its own after a few weeks, and surgery may be required in more severe or non-healing cases**.

As long as the perforated eardrum caused by trauma does not re-infect and the hole area is not too large, it usually heals on its own in about a month without additional treatment. Perforation of the eardrum in chronic otitis media is necessary to repair the eardrum in addition to otorrhea and hearing impairment, as well as the risk of cholesteatoma. The broken eardrum can be repaired with the fascia of the temporal muscle next to the ear, with a success rate of more than 90%, and this type of myringoplasty or tympanoplasty can eliminate otorrhea and improve hearing.

1.Conduction effects of sound.

The tympanic membrane is an important part of the auditory pathway, and the human tympanic membrane is an elastic membrane, and its surrounding edges are relatively tightly embedded in the bony tympanic ring, which has a certain tension and stiffness.

The tympanic membrane is like a vibrating membrane, and its two sides are in contact with the air in the external auditory canal and the tympanic chamber respectively, and when the sound waves are mechanically impacted, the tympanic membrane will inevitably vibrate.

The tympanic membrane has good frequency response characteristics and low distortion.

After the eardrum vibrates, the vibrational waves of sound waves are transmitted to the ossicular chain and transmitted to the inner ear.

2.The amplification effect of sound.

The sound wave acts on the tympanic membrane through the ossicular chain to the vestibular window, and the area ratio of the tympanic membrane to the stapes floor plate on the vestibular window is 17:1, which can increase the sound pressure by 17 times, and the arcuate leverage of the tympanic membrane can increase the sound pressure by 1 time.

3.Protects middle and inner ear structures.

The eardrum acts as a barrier that protects the middle and inner ears. It also blocks foreign bodies and bacteria that protect the external ear canal from entering the middle ear cavity.

What causes a perforated eardrum?

The eardrum is very fragile, and trauma can easily cause damage to the eardrum, such as being slapped by gravity, picking out the ear, flying, diving, etc.

In addition, diseases such as otitis media and cholesteatoma are also the main causes that may lead to perforation of the eardrum.

Large perforation of the tympanic membrane after otitis media.

Post-traumatic tympanic membrane perforation.

What are the dangers of tympanic membrane perforation?

1.Hearing loss, which results in hearing loss due to the examination of the effective vibrating area of the eardrum.

2.Repeated middle ear infections, resulting in chronic purulent otitis media, lead to the gradual destruction of middle ear structures.

3.Middle ear cholesteatoma formation, resulting from migration of epithelial structures of the outer ear to the middle ear.

What to do about a perforated eardrum?

The perforated eardrum is like a broken drum that no longer makes a loud drum sound, and the sound is quieter.

After the tympanic membrane is perforated, the middle ear tissue will undergo inflammatory pathological changes, and it is also susceptible to infection by external bacteria, so the tympanic membrane should be promoted as much as possible, and those who cannot heal should be re-filled with the tympanic membrane, that is, tympanic membrane repair.

Perforation of the tympanic membrane due to acute otitis media.

Systemic ** should be treated with adequate antibiotics early to control infection.

Local**: Antibiotic ear drops can be used after cleaning the external auditory canal with 3% hydrogen peroxide, and surgical repair can be considered for perforations that cannot heal spontaneously after inflammation control.

: Chronic inflammation of the proximity to the organs.

2.Perforation of the tympanic membrane due to trauma.

Removal of foreign bodies, blood clots, etc., retained in the external auditory canal.

Avoid colds and never blow your nose too hard.

Irrigation and dispensing of drugs are prohibited in the external auditory canal, and surgical repair may be considered for large or non-healing perforations.

3.Perforation of the tympanic membrane that does not heal on its own.

For perforated tympanic membranes that do not heal, tympanic membrane repair is indicated.

Once the eardrum is perforated, external bacteria, sewage, and foreign bodies can enter the middle ear through the perforation, causing infection and purulent hearing loss, and in severe cases, there is even a risk of hearing loss. Therefore, if you feel unwell, it is recommended to see a doctor promptly.

Different types of tympanic membrane perforation** principles differ. Otitis media, tympanic membrane perforation** is usually focused on controlling the infection. Traumatic tympanic membrane perforation usually heals spontaneously and usually does not require special treatment, but if the perforation is large or shows no signs of healing for a long time, consider surgical repair or patching**.

Perforated eardrum should be performed by a specialist in the otolaryngology department of the hospital**.

Now that science is more developed, it is a complex problem, and it can still be ***,