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The boiler is a kind of energy conversion equipment, and the energy input to the boiler is in the form of chemical energy, electrical energy, and heat energy of high-temperature flue gas in the fuel, and after boiler conversion, steam, high-temperature water or organic heat carrier with a certain amount of heat energy is output to the outside. The original meaning of pot refers to a container of water heated on a fire, and a furnace refers to a place where fuel is burned, and a boiler includes two parts: a pot and a furnace. The hot water or steam produced in the boiler can directly provide the required heat energy for industrial production and people's lives, and can also be converted into mechanical energy through steam power installation, or converted into electrical energy through generators.

The boiler that provides hot water is called a hot water boiler, which is mainly used in life, and there are also a small number of applications in industrial production. The boiler that produces steam is called a steam boiler, often referred to as a boiler, and is mostly used in thermal power stations, ships, locomotives and industrial and mining enterprises.

A boiler is a kind of thermal equipment that uses the heat energy released after fuel combustion or the waste heat from industrial production to transfer to the water in the container, so that the water reaches the required temperature (hot water) or steam under a certain pressure. It is a complete body composed of "pot" (i.e., the hydraulic part of the boiler body, the heat-absorbing part is called the pot), the "furnace" (i.e., the combustion equipment part, and the part that generates heat is called the furnace), accessories and instruments. For example, heat-absorbing parts such as water walls, superheaters, and economizers can be regarded as pots; The furnace, burner, fuel pump, feeding and induced draft fan can be regarded as furnaces.

After the boiler enters the boiler, the heating surface of the boiler in the steam-water system transfers the absorbed heat to the water, so that the water is heated into hot water at a certain temperature and pressure or generates steam, which is led out of the application. In the combustion equipment part, the fuel combustion continuously releases heat, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion transmits the heat to the heating surface of the boiler through the propagation of heat, and the temperature itself gradually decreases, and finally discharges from the chimney.

The main working process of the boiler:

1) Fuel combustion process: laminar combustion: coal, coal hopper, grate - (complete combustion) high temperature flue gas.

2) Heat transfer process from flue gas to working fluid: high temperature flue gas - (radiation) water wall - (radiative convection) cement tube - (radiation convection) superheating, reheat pipe - (convection) economizer - (dust removal and desulfurization) low-temperature flue gas is discharged to the atmosphere.

3) Heating and vaporization process of working fluid: feed water (system water supply water) feed water tank pump economizer pot barrel - (descending pipe) lower header water wall tube bundle - (radiative convection steam-water mixture) separator saturated steam superheater superheated steam user.

Internship Report Format and Basic Requirements.

1) It is required to have clear views, detailed arguments, clear organization, concise text, standardized format, clear pertinence and innovation, and the number of words is generally not less than 2,000 words.

2) Outline of content.

Foreword I. Purpose of Internship.

2. Internship Duration.

3. Internship location.

4. Internship units and departments, production (operation) work, management and requirements for employees.

5. Internship content: The projects, procedures, methods, calculation results and schematic diagrams of the internship shall be prepared one by one according to the order of the internship;

6. Internship summary: Use the knowledge learned in the internship to analyze and solve problems, internship experience, opinions and suggestions.

7. Suggestions for teaching practice at the alma mater.

c) Format. The title (in bold font 3) should be accurate, concise, and summarize the gist of the article, generally no more than 20 Chinese characters, and subtitles can be added if necessary. Abbreviations, characters, symbols, and structures and formulas that are not commonly known should be avoided in titles.

The hierarchical title of the text should be short and clear, no more than 15 words, no punctuation, and the division and numbering of the levels in the text should be arranged in the order of "one, (one) 1 (1)". (The first-level title is in four-point bold font, the second-level title is in four-point italics, and all the titles at the following level are in small four-song font).

Textual content: Font - Songti; Size — small four; Doubled line spacing.

Left and right margins: Automatic.

4) ** A three-line table should be used, and auxiliary lines can be added appropriately.

5) Illustrations (including **) should be made by computer, and the sequence and title of the figure should be indicated below the illustration. **The theme should be clear, the hierarchy should be clear, the contrast should be appropriate, and the cut should be appropriate.

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