Briefly describe the names of each structure of the upper and lower foramen of piriformis muscle

The structures entering and exiting the supraforamen piriformis from the outside to the inside are the superior gluteal nerve, superior gluteal artery, and superior gluteal vein. Downstairs is talking about the access structure of the inferior piriformis foramen.

What does the piriformis muscle divide into the superior piriformis foramen and the inferior piriformis foramen.

a.Superior gluteal nerve, superior gluteal artery.

b.Supragluteal nerve, superior gluteal vein.

c.Superior gluteal artery, superior gluteal vein.

d.Superior gluteal artery, superior gluteal vein, superior gluteal nerve.

e.Supragluteal nerve, posterior femoral cutaneous nerve.

Correct Tongqiao Answer: e

Muscle tissue is mainly composed of muscle cells and can be divided into three types: smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, and cardiac muscle.

Function of muscle tissue: contraction and relaxation.

The basic tissue of an animal made up of specially differentiated muscle cells. There is a small amount of connective tissue between muscle cells, capillaries and nerve fibers. Muscle cells are elongated in shape, so they are also called muscle fibers.

The cell membrane of muscle cells is called the sarcoplasm, and its cytoplasm is called sarcoplasm. Sarcoplasm contains muscle filaments, which are the material basis for muscle cell contraction. According to the morphology and distribution of muscle cells, muscle tissues can be divided into three categories:

That is, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscles are generally attached to bones through tendons, but there are exceptions, such as the muscles in the upper esophagus and facial expression muscles, which are not attached to bones.

Myocardium is distributed in the heart and forms the myocardial layer on the walls of the atria and ventricles, and is also found on the walls of large blood vessels near the heart. Smooth muscle is found in the visceral and blood vessel walls.

The muscle fibers of skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle have striated lines, also known as striated muscles. Smooth muscle fibers are not striated. Musculature has contractile properties and is the driving force behind the movement of the body and limbs, as well as physiological processes such as digestion, respiration, circulation, and excretion in the body**.

The contraction of skeletal muscles is governed by the will and belongs to the voluntary muscles. Cardiac muscle and smooth muscle innervated by autonomic nerves are involuntary muscles.

Skeletal muscle: It is composed of several to dozens of muscle fibers to form muscle bundles, and there is a thick connective tissue called perimysium outside the muscle bundle, which is composed of many muscle bundles to form a muscle, and the connective tissue on its surface is called epimysium, that is, deep fascia. There are abundant blood vessels in all connective tissues, and there is a capillary network in the endomysium that surrounds the muscle fibers.

There are afferent and efferent nerve fibers in the connective tissue of muscles, all of which are myelinated nerve fibers. The nerves that are distributed in the walls of blood vessels in the muscles are autonomic nerves and are unmyelinated nerve fibers.

Smooth muscle: Smooth muscle fibers are generally fusiform and can be divided into two categories according to the way their nerve endings are distributed.

One is a few, the surface of muscle cells has nerve endings distributed, and its endings are swelled in the shape of a rosary, while most other smooth muscle cells do not have nerve endings, these cells transmit information through the suture connection of smooth muscle cells, so that nerve impulses spread, most of the smooth muscles in the body such as the smooth muscles distributed in the digestive tract and uterine wall belong to this category. The other type is the majority, where there are nerve endings distributed on the surface of each muscle cell, and each cell is directly controlled by the nerve, such as the pupillary sphincter and the open muscle of the eye.

In addition, there are intermediate types. In addition to its contractile function, smooth muscle also has the function of producing intercellular stoma.

Myocardium: The fibers of the heart muscle are cylindrical in shape, about 15 20 microns in diameter. The myocardial fibers have branches that are connected to each other in a network so that the heart muscle can contract at the same time.

The physiology of the heart muscle is characterized by its ability to contract automatically and rhythmically.

It is divided into skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle.

1. Skeletal muscles are distributed in the trunk and limbs, controlled by somatic nerves and consciousness, and contract quickly and forcefully, but they are easy to fatigue.

2. Smooth muscle is mainly distributed in the walls of internal organs and blood vessels, innervated by splanchnic nerves, not controlled by consciousness, and has automaticity, which can automatically produce excitation and contraction.

3. Myocardium, in the heart wall, also exists at the proximal end of the large blood vessels, is innervated by splanchnic nerves, is not controlled by consciousness, has slow contractions, rhythmic and long-lasting, and is not easy to fatigue.

4. Muscle tissue is divided into three categories: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is innervated by somatic nerves as voluntary muscles, and cardiac and smooth muscles are innervated by autonomic nerves as involuntary muscles.

Skeletal muscle contraction, stretching bone around the axis of motion of the joint, or keeping the body in a certain position with the whole body, is the power source of the locomotor system. The myocardium is distributed in the proximal segment of the heart and the large blood vessels adjacent to the heart, and the myocardial contraction has an automatic rhythm, slow and long-lasting, not easy to fatigue, and maintains the orderly beating of the heart. Smooth muscle, also known as visceral muscle, contracts slowly and persistently, and the contraction causes the movement of internal organs and blood vessels.

There are three types of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle.

Skeletal muscles are made up of a large number of bundles of muscle cells attached to the bones, and their contractions are controlled by consciousness, also known as voluntary muscles. The muscles of the locomotor system are generally skeletal muscles.

The muscle cells of smooth muscle are long cylindrical, 20 200 um long, and can be elongated up to 500 um during pregnancy. The smooth muscle nucleus is oblong and located in the middle of the cell, and the myofibrils are significantly fewer than those of skeletal muscle, and they are not arranged neatly. Some can be arranged in bundles, and some can be arranged in layers.

The contraction of smooth muscles is rhythmic, and Gu is also known as involuntary muscles.

Cardiomyocytes are elongated cylindrical, branched and connected to each other in a network with a nucleus located in the cell**. The contraction of the heart muscle is rhythmic, also known as involuntary muscle.