What are the types of reinforced concrete structures?

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Reinforced concrete structure.

What are they. The classification of reinforced concrete structures is generally divided into four types: frame structure and shear wall structure.

Frame—shear wall structure and cylinder structure.

1.Frame structure.

It is a structure that uses the longitudinal and transverse frames composed of beams and columns to bear vertical and horizontal loads. According to the construction method, it can be divided into four types: full cast-in-place, semi-cast-in-place, prefabricated and semi-assembled. The frame structure can make the layout of the building plane more flexible, expand the building space, and facilitate the treatment of the building façade.

However, because the lateral stiffness is relatively small, when the number of layers is too large, excessive lateral movement will occur, which is easy to cause the failure of non-structural components (such as partition walls, decorations, etc.), and affect the use requirements.

2.Shear wall structure.

It is a structure that uses the vertical and horizontal walls of the building to bear vertical and horizontal loads. Longitudinal and transverse walls can be used both as maintenance walls and as walls to separate rooms. The advantage of the shear wall structure is that the lateral stiffness is large and the lateral displacement is small under horizontal loads.

Its disadvantage is that the shear wall spacing is small, the building layout is inconvenient, and it is not suitable for public buildings that require large space.

The self-weight of the structure is also large.

3.Frame—shear wall structure.

It is the structure that sets up the appropriate shear wall in the frame structure, which not only has the advantages of the frame structure, but also integrates the advantages of the shear wall structure, and in the frame-shear wall structure, the shear wall mainly bears the horizontal load, and the frame bears the vertical load. Frame-shear wall structures are generally used in buildings with 10 or 20 floors.

4.Barrel structure.

The cylinder structure can be divided into frame-core tube structure, frame tube structure, tube in tube structure, multi-tube structure, etc. The frame-core tube structure is composed of the inner tube and the outer frame, and the force of this structure is very close to the frame-shear wall structure, which is suitable for 10 30-story houses. Frame tube structure and tube in tube structure, there are two kinds of inner tube and outer tube, the inner tube is generally composed of elevator stairwell, and the outer tube is generally composed of close row columns and window skirt beams, which can be regarded as the cylinder of the window opening.

The inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are connected into a whole with a floor to resist the vertical and horizontal loads. This structural system has great rigidity and load-bearing capacity, and is suitable for houses with 30 to 50 floors.

It is roughly divided into frame structure, shear wall structure, frame-shear wall structure, cylinder structure, frame tube structure, as long as the material of the main structure is reinforced concrete, it is called reinforced concrete structure, and frame, shear wall, etc. refer to the form of the structure. The steel structure can also have a frame structure, a cylinder structure, etc

2. The invention of reinforced concrete appeared in modern times, and it is generally believed that it was invented in 1848. In 1868 a French gardener obtained a patent for a reinforced concrete planter and, subsequently, a reinforced concrete beam and column applied to a highway guardrail.

In the same year, the world's first reinforced concrete structure was completed in New York, USA, and a new era in the history of human architecture began, and reinforced concrete structures were used on a large scale in the engineering community after 1900.

In the second year, a new type of reinforced concrete structure form of prestressed reinforced concrete appeared, and was also widely used in engineering practice after World War II. The invention of reinforced concrete and the use of steel in the construction industry in the mid-19th century made it possible to build high-rise buildings and long-span bridges.

5. Reinforced concrete is one of the most important building materials today, but its inventor is neither an engineer nor an expert in building materials, but a French horticulturist named Meunier. Monier has a large garden with beautiful flowers all year round, but the flower beds are often broken by tourists.

6. For this reason, Monier often thought: "Is there any way to make people step on the flower bed without easily crushing it?" "One day, when Monier was transplanting flowers, he accidentally broke a pot of flowers, and the pot broke into pieces, but the soil around the roots of the flower was only wrapped in a ball.

7. "Oh! The root systems of the flowers and trees crisscross and firmly bind the soft soil together! Inspired by this, he weaved the wire into a net like the roots of flowers and trees, and then mixed it with cement and sand to make a flower bed, which was very strong.

1. Stressed tendons: steel bars that bear force or pressure.

2. Frame reinforcement: generally used in beams, together with stressed reinforcement and stirrups to form a reinforcement skeleton.

3. Stirrups: generally used in beams and columns, used to resist shear and form a steel skeleton.

4. Distributed ribs: generally used in the slab, perpendicular to the stressed steel bars in the slab.

5. Structural reinforcement: the reinforcement configured due to the requirements of the component in the structure or the needs of the construction and installation process.

6. Bending steel bar: It mainly plays a shear role at the end of the component.

7. Rachel reinforcement: It is a reinforcement added in the structure to meet the stability needs of connecting components.

1. The functions are different.

Reinforced concrete structures are structures made of concrete equipped with reinforcement of steel bars.

The brick-concrete structure is the vertical load-bearing structure in the building, the wall is made of bricks or blocks, and the structural columns and transverse load-bearing beams, floor slabs, roof panels, etc. are made of reinforced concrete.

2. The structure is different.

The brick-concrete structure is a kind of hybrid structure, which is a mixed structural system composed of brick walls to bear loads, reinforced concrete beams, columns, slabs and other components. It is suitable for buildings with small studio depth, small room area, multi-storey or low-rise buildings, and the load-bearing wall of brick-concrete structure cannot be changed, while the frame structure can be changed for most of the wall.

The main load-bearing components of the reinforced concrete structure are constructed of reinforced concrete. Including thin shell structure, large formwork cast-in-place structure and the use of sliding formwork, lifting plate and other reinforced concrete structure buildings.

3. The characteristics are different.

The service life and seismic rating of brick-concrete structures are lower. Nowadays, the brick-concrete structure has been changed to a frame structure and a reinforced concrete structure.

A structure made of steel and concrete. The steel bar is subjected to tensile force, and the concrete is subjected to pressure. It has the advantages of being strong, durable, good fire performance, saving steel and low cost than steel structure.

Reinforced concrete structure is a structural system composed of steel and concrete, and is one of the most common types of knotting and destructuring in modern buildings. Reinforced concrete structures have the advantages of high strength, good durability, strong seismic performance, and convenient construction, so they are widely used in high-rise buildings, bridges, tunnels, water conservancy projects, power engineering and other fields.

The principle of reinforced concrete structure is to use the tensile strength of the steel bar and the compressive strength of the concrete to bear the external load together. Steel bars mainly play the role of enhancing the tensile capacity of concrete, while concrete undertakes most of the stress work. In construction, the steel bars are first arranged according to the design requirements, and then the concrete is poured to form an overall structural system.

The advantages of reinforced concrete structure are high strength, high stiffness, good durability and strong seismic performance, but there are also some disadvantages, such as difficult construction and high cost. In order to overcome these shortcomings, it is necessary to take a series of measures in the design and construction, such as reasonable selection of the mix ratio of steel bar and concrete, control of construction technology, and strengthening quality supervision.

According to the different objects of the reinforced concrete component details, there are two kinds of reinforcement drawings and formwork drawings

1. The reinforcement diagram focuses on the configuration, shape, quantity and specification of the reinforcement inside the component.

2. The template diagram is a drawing that represents the shape of the component and the position of the embedded part, and the shape size and embedding of the component are marked in the drawing.

The detailed drawing of the reinforced concrete component is the hypothetical concrete is a transparent body, the imaginary concrete of the component is represented by a thin solid line, the outline of the component is represented by a thin solid line, the reinforcement is drawn with a thick solid line or a black dot, and the code, diameter size, number of roots, spacing, etc. of the reinforcement type are marked. In the cross-sectional drawing, the legend of concrete limbs or reinforced concrete is not drawn, and the contour lines of the cut or visible brick masonry are represented by solid lines.