Meaning of Key Competencies Occupation What competencies do key competencies include

Key competencies are a hot topic in vocational education. The formation and development of key competencies has gone through the process of action (proposed by the German Education Council in 1974) and key competencies (proposed by the German vocational educator Mertens in 1974).

Vocational competence (proposed by the Joint Conference of Ministers of Culture and Education of the German Länder in 1991). Now (including China's ** related documents) is more often called "vocational ability". I haven't read Mertens's original book, and I don't know what kind of concept he originally proposed about "critical capabilities".

Now when introducing in China, scholars always mix their own understanding, so they also have different opinions on what the key capabilities are, and sometimes they think.

Confusion and ambiguity.

But there is no dispute that a key competency is a non-professional competency, an interprofessional competency. The connotation of key competencies exists.

Different points of view. It is impossible not to talk about key competencies without mentioning three important concepts: professional, methodological and social.

Some refer to them collectively as "professional abilities". Because vocational competence is developed on the basis of key competencies, it is a comprehensive vocational competency. It is easier to understand professional competence, methodological competence and social competence as the content of vocational competence.

But when it comes to key competencies in isolation, it's a bit confusing.

Critical competency education"Similar to our country's"Quality education.

So-called"Key Capabilities"It refers to the ability that is essential for the personal and social development of each person in modern society. In order to facilitate implementation and evaluation, the German education community will:"Key Capabilities"It is divided into four areas, namely, self or personal competence, social competence, methodological competence and professional competence.

In Germany, pay attention"Key Capabilities"of culture.

Ability does not necessarily mean high quality! Highly educated! 1

Key competencies include longitudinal professional competencies and comprehensive vocational competencies.

Longitudinal professional competence.

Professional competence mainly refers to the professional ability to engage in a certain occupation. The first is the professional competence inherent in your education, and the second is the ability to adapt and master the profession you are engaged in.

Ability. Comprehensive vocational ability.

This article mainly introduces the "key competencies" that are generally focused on cultivating in the world, mainly including two aspects:

1) Inter-professional competence.

A person's inter-professional ability can be reflected in the following three aspects: first, the ability to use mathematics and measurement methods; the second is computer application ability; The third is the ability to use foreign languages to solve technical problems and communicate.

Use foreign languages to solve technical problems and communicate with each other.

2) Methodological competence.

The first is information collection and sieve spring selection, energy sail endurance; the second is to master the ability to formulate work plans, independent decision-making and implementation; The third is to have accurate self-evaluation ability and the ability to accept the evaluation of others, and be able to effectively learn lessons from success and failure.

The so-called "champion in the industry", modern spring professionals should have the ability to withstand the key of the road, which refers to the basic ability of the interoccupation that is indispensable for the worker to engage in any occupation. , refers to those that are essential in all career fields, and key competencies include those that are relevant to the individual

Social and organizational skills, intellectual curiosity and creativity

Self-innovation and independence, the ability to learn,

Sense of responsibility, frustration tolerance, risk-taking, the latter such as communication, use, analysis, planning, organization, etc.

Define methodological competence and social competence. "Key Competencies" is a book published by Huaxia Publishing House on May 1, 2010, and the author is Xu Fangju. Critical competencies are defined as:

Methodological competencies and social competencies are defined collectively as "critical competencies". In Singapore, the "core competencies of the profession" are also referred to as the key competencies.

Brief introduction: This book is an education series compiled by Taiwan's "Commonwealth Magazine". In the face of the current challenging world, parents and children are under invisible and huge competitive pressures. What abilities should our children have? How to make them happy and confident to learn?

This book advocates that children should develop "key abilities", that is, the ability to imitate and solve problems in different situations. It is necessary to start from the four aspects of "learning to seek knowledge", "learning to do it", "learning to get along with others", and "senior brother shouting Xi self-realization" to cultivate children's key abilities to face the future in an all-round way.

At the same time, it is also necessary for families, schools, teachers and companies to work together to build a bridge for the healthy growth of children. Let them not envy the wild no matter how the external environment changes, they can go out of their own way and create a life with a wide range of skies.