Salt lake brine purification 5, salt lake brine purification

Does it heat up reverse osmosis.

The basic principle and characteristics of reverse osmosis method divide a container into two halves with a selective permeable membrane, and add pure water and brine respectively on both sides of the membrane at the same time, so that the liquid level on both sides of the membrane is the same high, and after a certain period of time, the liquid level on the brine side will rise, and the liquid level on the pure water side will fall, which is due to the migration of water molecules through the semi-permeable membrane to the brine side, this phenomenon is called osmosis. Membranes that are selectively permeable to water or solution are called semipermeable membranes. If the appropriate pressure is applied to one side of the concentrated solution, the osmosis can be stopped.

The pressure when the osmosis of a dilute solution to a concentrated solution stops is called osmotic pressure. Reverse osmosis is to add a higher pressure than natural osmosis on one side of the concentrated solution, twist the direction of permeation, and press the ions in the solution to the other side of the semi-permeable membrane, which is contrary to the normal permeability process in nature, so it is called "reverse osmosis", and this device is called reverse osmosis device. The reverse osmosis method can remove more than 90% of dissolved salts and more than 99% of colloidal microorganisms and organic matter from water.

Compared with other water treatment methods, it has the advantages of no phase change, normal temperature operation, simple equipment, high efficiency, less land occupation, convenient operation, less energy consumption, wide adaptation range, high degree of automation and water effluent. In particular, the reverse osmosis purification brackish water device powered by wind and solar energy is an economical and reliable way to solve the problem of people's domestic water in areas without electricity and conventional energy shortage. Reverse osmosis desalination is not only suitable for seawater desalination, but also for brackish water desalination.

Among the existing desalination methods, the reverse osmosis desalination method is the most economical, and it has even surpassed the electrodialysis desalination method. Since the driving force of the reverse osmosis process is pressure, no phase changes occur in the process, and the membrane only plays the role of "screening", so the energy required for the reverse osmosis separation process is low. Among the existing seawater and brackish water desalination, reverse osmosis is the most energy-efficient.

The characteristic of reverse osmosis membrane separation is its "broad-spectrum" separation, that is, it can not only remove various ions in water, but also remove particles larger than ions, such as most of the organic matter, colloids, viruses, bacteria, suspended solids, etc., so the reverse osmosis separation method is also known as the broad-spectrum separation method.

Therefore, salt lake brine can be desalined with reverse osmosis.

Several methods have been patented, you can refer to the Chinese patent network, the salt lake brine, first through sand filtration, to remove large suspended particulate matter; At room temperature, the brine after sand filtration is oxidized with hydrogen peroxide for 0 5 1 5h, and the amount of hydrogen peroxide is 2 5 3 5 of the treated brine according to the mass ratio; After oxidation, the brine is adsorbed and decolorized by activated carbon at 60 90 for 2 9h; The adsorption and decolorization brine is filtered to obtain refined salt lake brine. This method can effectively purify the suspended solids and organic pigments in the salt lake brine, obtain stable and high-quality salt lake brine, and greatly improve the purity and quality of salt chemical products.

Causes: 1. Sea salt:

According to some data, the amount of water flowing into the sea every year accounts for about 14,500 of the entire seawater, and after tens of millions of years, the water is constantly evaporated, injected, and reciprocated, while the salt accumulates to constitute a certain salinity of today's seawater.

Second, oceanographic research has proved that there are far more submarine volcanoes than terrestrial volcanoes, and in volcanic ejections, there are soluble compounds, and their chemical composition is similar to that of salts in seawater, so there are salts dissolved in seawater when the ocean is generated.

2. Mine salt:

The salts on land are carried by surface water or groundwater and accumulate in the inland basin, and under the conditions of heat and drought and the evaporation is greater than the recharge of the water body, the salty water in the basin continues to evaporate and concentrate, and is deposited into huge salt deposits.

3. Lake salt: lake salt is a modern deposit formed by the accumulation of soluble salts in the salt-forming basin since the Quaternary, the concentration of mineralized water, and the gradual deposition of salt minerals.

Production: 1. Sea salt:

Generally, the sun drying method, also known as the "beach drying method", is to use the coastal mudflats, build dams to open up salt pans, raise water through the tide, attract seawater to irrigate the pool, and evaporate into brine through sunlight. When the brine concentration evaporates to 25 Baumé degrees, sodium chloride is precipitated, which is the raw salt.

The process of producing raw salt by sun-drying method is generally divided into four major processes: moisture absorption, brine making, crystallization, and salt collection.

2. Mine salt:

The production of mine salt is mainly divided into two links: brine mining and salt production, and different ore types adopt different brine mining methods. The methods of extracting natural brine include extraction method, gas lift method, oil pumping brine extraction, deep well submersible brine pump, self-spraying brine extraction and other methods. In the rock salt mining area, most of the drilling water solution mining methods are adopted, some use the single-well convection method, and some use the double-well hydraulic fracturing method.

3. Lake salt: mainly using mining method or beach drying method.

In terms of mining, some lakes have been evaporated for a long time, and the salt settles on the bottom of the lake, which can be directly fished without processing. For example, the salt lakes in the Qaidam Basin have undergone tens of millions of years of changes to form dry lakes, and their salt is exposed on the surface. This type of salt is currently produced by a salt miner or a salt mining ship, and its process flow is roughly as follows:

Stripping of mulch Salt mining Pipeline transportation (or automobile transportation) Washing Dewatering Belt conveyor conveying Finished salt into the lump. The beach drying method is similar to the sea salt production process.

Diesel decolorization essence preparation formula, by compounding agent, acidic agent, additives and solvent mixture, mainly used for discoloration or non-standard diesel decolorization, the amount of addition is the quality of the treated diesel, in the treated discoloration diesel or non-standard diesel, add the decolorization essence preparation, fully mixed at room temperature to 80, the time is more than 10 minutes.

The treatment process of the present invention is simple, the decolorization effect is good, the equipment requirement is low, the cost is less, and the diesel storage time has also been improved, and the stability of diesel fuel has been increased.

Decolorizers can be roughly divided into three categories according to the principle of decolorization, flocculation decolorizers, oxidative decolorizers and adsorption decolorizers.

Flocculation decolorizer is a quaternary amine cationic polymer compound that integrates a variety of functions such as decolorization, flocculation, and CODCR degradation.

The adsorption decolorizer is generally activated carbon, clay or adsorption resin, which can directly filter out impurities and oxides in the oil by filtration, and integrate impurities, deodorization, decolorization and separation, so that the blackened oil becomes a light-colored and transparent liquid, and the acid value and color of the processed diesel meet the national fuel standards.

Oxidative decolorizer is the use of oxidizing substances, such as sodium chlorate, potassium permanganate, ozone, etc., to destroy the colored groups to achieve the purpose of removing color.

After soaking in edible salt water, drying method:

Prepare a container (rice pot or frying scoop) and wash it repeatedly;

Light the gas stove (induction cooker), dry the washed container, and cool to room temperature;

Pour the blistered salt into a container, drain the excess salt water first, and pour the empty water into a bowl (or other basins are also acceptable);

Then heat the empty salt and stir-fry it to 85 100 degrees;

Dry the heated salt in the sun until it is consistent with the newly purchased salt, and then put it into a food bag and seal it for later use;

The brine in the bowl is then heated, concentrated, crystallized, and the precipitated salt is also dried in the sun and packaged for use.

Stir-fry in a pan to dry and preserve.