Tower crane operation problems, possible problems in tower crane installation

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Combined with the scene, explain in detail the possible accidents and cause analysis of the tower crane, which is easy to understand.

The main problem is safety, and the tower crane talent network has frequently asked questions for reference.

First, the tower crane operation steps:

1. After the bell rings, first carry out no-load test operation. The handle on the left hand is the control handle for the direction and the amplitude of the sports car, and the handle on the right hand is the hook lift control handle. No-load operation is to carry out the operation of swing arm, sports car, landing hook, etc. without lifting heavy objects, to see whether the operation is normal and whether there are hidden dangers in various operations.

2. Flick the left handle to the left or right to swing the tower crane arm directly above the target. When swinging the arm, it should be smooth and even, not fast and slow, and at the same time, pay attention to the surrounding environment and do not damage the surrounding buildings.

When changing speed, pay attention to the position and stability of the hook, and predict the gliding distance, when entering the gliding distance, the handle should be released in time, so that the tower crane arm naturally slides to the target above, and use a speed to the opposite direction of the high frequency of rapid pause, to achieve the purpose of stopping the swing arm.

If the prediction is wrong, the tower crane arm has exceeded the target position, do not brake urgently, stop in the opposite direction at the same point, and then slowly turn back to the target position.

3. Gently push the left handle forward or pull the left handle backward to move the car directly above the target. When running a car, keep it at a steady and constant speed and don't let the hook sway back and forth.

4. When the sports car moves above the target, gently push the right handle forward to make the hook fall, and when the hook is one meter away from the ground, it must fall slowly at the slowest speed.

5. When the wire rope that binds the target object is safely hung on the hook, gently pull the right handle to make the hook rise slowly, and when the hanging object slowly leaves the ground, it can be changed to a high-speed gear.

6. When the lifting object is lifted to a safe height, release the right handle and toggle the left handle to the left or right to make the tower crane arm swing to the target position.

7. When the tower crane arm swings to the target position, gently push the right handle to make the hanging object land. When the hanging object is about to fall to the ground, change to a low speed and land slowly.

2. Preparations before operation:

1. Before climbing the tower crane, first check whether the power switch under the tower crane is turned on, and whether the total control electric box and the special distribution box of the tower crane are safely energized.

2. In the process of climbing the tower crane, pay attention to climbing safety, both hands must be grasped steadily, and both feet must be firm. Do not climb with one hand, and do not look around. In addition, climbing tower cranes is too dangerous, remember to wear non-slip gloves and shoes.

3. After entering the cab, first check whether the control switch is abnormal, whether the mechanical parts are firm, whether the circuit power supply is normal and safe, whether the seat is tight and strong, observe whether the glass is clean and transparent, and whether there are other potential safety hazards.

4. Close the control power supply and press the start button on the console. See if there is an alarm alarm, if everything is normal, press the bell to prompt the personnel below to start the operation.

Third, when the lifting heavy object is placed and the wire rope is safely lifted, gently pull the right handle to make the hook rise and rise to a safe position before stopping. Then, press the pause button and wait for the next instructions from the command staff.

1 The tower crane should be operated by a full-time driver, and the driver must be professionally trained.

2. The tower crane is generally allowed to work at a temperature of +40 degrees -20 degrees, and the wind speed is less than level 6. The wind speed is heavy and the operation is prohibited in thunderstorms.

3. After the tower crane is installed at the job site, it must be tested and tested in accordance with the "Construction Machinery Technical Test Regulations".

4 The crane must have reliable grounding, and all electrical equipment shells should be properly connected with the machine body.

5. After the crane is installed, it should be re-adjusted, and various safety protection devices and limit switches should be re-adjusted. For example, there must be adequate lighting for night work.

6. Before work, check the amount of lubricating oil, wire rope wear and power supply voltage of the rotating device, brake, transmission part of each controller, and repair it in time if it does not meet the requirements.

7. When the crane works, it must be lifted in strict accordance with the rated lifting capacity, and it is not allowed to overload, nor is it allowed to lift personnel, pull heavy objects obliquely, and pull out buried objects.

8 The driver must get the command signal before the operation, and the driver must press the electric bell and send the signal before the operation.

9. When the lifting object rises, the hook shall not be less than 1 meter from the lifting arm.

10. When taking a break from work or leaving work, do not hang heavy objects in the air.

11. The safety protection devices such as the radiator indicator, torque limiter and various travel limit switches of the crane must be complete, sensitive and reliable.

12. After the operation, it is still necessary to do: the crane boom is downwind and the slewing brake is relaxed; The hook is lifted to 2 3 meters from the top of the boom; Pull each control switch to the zero position, disconnect each switch in turn, cut off the main power switch, and turn on the high-altitude indicator light.

1. The safety height difference of the construction of the group of towers: in order to ensure the safety of the construction, the two tower cranes and the surrounding tower cranes should ensure that the height difference between them is at least 6 meters, and the on-site commander of the project and the tower crane commander should pay attention to the coordination of the construction of each tower.

2 non-cross operation of each tower in the lifting of the slewing tower arm to run slowly, while paying attention to the other tower crane hanging operation, tower crane operation, the tower crane driver attention must be highly concentrated, in the case of confirmation of safety before the slewing of the tower arm, and pay attention to the direction of rotation. At the same time, it is necessary to strictly abide by the safety regulations of the tower crane, strictly prohibit overloading, and set up a lifting moment limiter. Before going to work every day, the tower division must be strictly disclosed to the tower crane operation safety technology and make a record.

3. When crossing at the same time, each tower must retract the hanging object to 4 meters outside the coverage area of the boom of other towers.

4. Avoid cross operations as much as possible, adjust the direction of rotation appropriately, and the high-level tower should take care of the median tower and low-level tower.

5. Each tower is set up with fixed iron anchors in the corresponding direction, and the tower crane is fixed on the iron anchor when it is not operating or after work, and the iron anchor must be installed on the building and installed firmly.

6. Red signal lights are set at the top of each tower, and all must be turned on for night operations. After the off-duty operation is stopped, the signalman should hang the hook rope firmly, cut off the power supply and turn on the red signal light.

1. In case of bad weather, the operation should be suspended.

2. There should be enough working space for tower crane operation, and there should be no obstacles in the lifting and landing of the crane boom and the radius of rotation, and there should be sufficient lighting equipment for night operations.

3. The luffing indicator, torque limiter and various travel limit switches and other safety protection devices of the tower crane must be complete, sensitive, sensitive and reliable, and shall not be adjusted and dismantled at will. It is strictly forbidden to use the limiting device instead of the operating mechanism for shutdown.

4. Before operation, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of the surrounding environment, driving roads, overhead wires, buildings and the weight and distribution of components on the work site.

5. Do not lift some overloaded objects, it is strictly forbidden to use tower cranes for oblique lifting, cable-stayed and lifting heavy objects buried underground or condensed on the ground, and the concrete components at the construction site must be all loosened before they can be lifted.

6. When lifting heavy objects, they should be tied smoothly and firmly, and sporadic objects should not be stacked or hung on heavy objects. Odd objects or items must be lifted after being secured with a cage or wire rope. The angle between the lashing wire rope and the object shall not be less than 30 degrees.

7. The lifting and landing speed of the tower crane should be uniform, and it is strictly forbidden to brake quickly and slowly. The left and right rotation movements should be smooth. When the rotation is not stopped, no reverse action shall be made.

8. The wire rope used by the tower crane should be based on the technical certification documents of the manufacturer, and it can only be used after passing the test if there is no certificate. The wire ropes on the drum should be firmly connected, arranged neatly, and should not be kinked or deformed, and all wire ropes should not have joints.

9. During the lifting operation, no personnel shall stay or pass under the heavy objects. It is strictly forbidden to lift personnel with tower cranes.

10. After the work is completed, it is very necessary to pay attention to the crane arm to turn to the downwind direction, and open the hook to a position of 2-3 meters from the top of the boom bar.