About the German British Constitutional Monarchy 30

Through the first of three dynastic wars: in 1864, the Austro-Prussian army waged war against Denmark and seized two German states under its rule; The second: in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, Austria was defeated and expelled from Germany; The third time:

In 1870, in the Franco-Prussian War, Prussia defeated France) to complete the unification of Germany. The promulgation of the Constitution of the German Empire in 1871 marked the beginning of the German constitutional monarchy.

Britain is a constitutional monarchy, but the queen has no rights.

Germany: By **, but the chancellor holds the most real power and now the chancellor is Angela Merkel (female).

UK: Prime Minister Max is now Brown.

Similarities: The form of government is the same, and both are constitutional monarchies.

Both brought both countries into capitalist society.

Differences:1 Head of state The German emperor was hereditary by the King of Prussia and had a wide range of powers.

King of England. It is a symbol of the country, unified but not governed, and has no real power.

2 The relationship between the prime minister and the councillor and Lee Cheng Sie** is different.

The German Chancellor presides over ** and serves as President of the Federal Parliament, but is accountable only to the Emperor and not to the Parliament.

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. and ** (Cabinet) holds executive power and is accountable to Parliament.

3 Parliament The German Parliament is the legislature, consisting of the Federal Parliament (composed of representatives of the states) and the Imperial Parliament (elected, with no real power).

British Parliament. It is the supreme legislature, the center of power.

Characteristics of the German polity:

The constitutional monarchy of the German Empire was an incomplete and imperfect representative system, the monarchy was retained, all the important military and political positions of the empire were occupied by the Junker landlords, and the militaristic tradition of Prussia was continued, which was manifested in: (1) The emperor of the Empire was hereditary, had great power, appointed the chancellor of the empire, and had the right to convene and dissolve parliament. (2) The Imperial Chancellor was accountable only to the Emperor and not to the Parliament.

3) In the bicameral system, the Federal Parliament has great power and is responsible for the approval of laws, while the Imperial Parliament has smaller powers, although it has legislative power, but it must be approved by the Federal Assembly and the Emperor before it can take effect.

Specific reasons for this:

1) The development of capitalism in Germany started late, the new bourgeoisie was weak, and the feudal Junkers, landlords and warlords were powerful. (2) the unification of Germany was not decided by the people "from below"; Rather, it was achieved "from top to bottom" by the Kingdom of Prussia through dynastic wars, and Prussia overwhelmed the states, and all countries had a clear sense of the new empire "Greater Prussia".