WhatsMiner is a systematic error random error

Systematic error refers to the error of the value and direction caused by the instrument, the experimenter and other factors, which can be corrected by adjusting the instrument and changing the measurement method.

Random error refers to the difference between individual individuals, and the value and direction are uncertain, unavoidable, and cannot be corrected.

This is just a personal opinion, for a detailed explanation, please refer to the encyclopedia.

The connotations of systematic error and random error are as follows:

1. Systematic error:

Systematic error refers to a non-random error. For example, bias error that violates the principle of randomness, error caused by registration records in sampling, etc. It makes the population eigenvalues become too high or too low in the sample.

2. Random error:

Random error, also known as accidental error and indefinite error, is a mutually compensating error formed by small random fluctuations of a series of relevant factors in the measurement process. It is caused by various unstable random factors in the analysis process, such as the instability of environmental conditions such as room temperature, relative humidity and air pressure, the small differences in the operation of the analyst and the instability of the instrument.

Ideas for eliminating systematic errors:

1. Make corrections in the measurement results. For the known systematic error of the HSI, the measurement results can be corrected with the correction value; For the variable value systematic error, try to find out the change law of the error, and use the correction formula or correction curve to correct the measurement results. For unknown systematic errors, they are treated as random errors.

2. Eliminate the root cause of systematic error. Before measuring, carefully inspect the meter for proper adjustment and installation; protection from external interference; Choose the observation position to eliminate parallax; Select readings when environmental conditions are relatively stable, etc.

3. Adopt compensatory measures in the measurement system. Find out the law of systematic error and automatically eliminate it during the measurement process.

4. Real-time feedback and correction. Due to the application of automated measurement technology and computer, real-time feedback correction can be used to eliminate complex changes in systematic errors. In the process of measurement, the sensor is used to convert the changes of these error factors into a certain form of physical quantity (generally electricity), and the error value affecting the measurement results is calculated by the computer in time according to its functional relationship, and the measurement results are automatically corrected in real time.

The above content refers to: Encyclopedia - Systematic Error.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Random Error.

Random errorThe difference between systematic error and systematic error is that the properties are different, the reduction methods are different, and the characteristics are different.

First, the nature is different.

1. Systematic error: Systematic error is caused by the inaccuracy of the instrument itself, or the rough experimental method, or the imperfect experimental principle.

2. Random error: Random error is caused by various accidental factors to the experimenter, measuring instrument, and measured physical quantity.

influence.

Second, the reduction method is different.

1. Systematic error: Systematic error cannot be made and there is no regularity. Systematic errorTo reduce the systematic error, it is necessary to calibrate the measuring instrument, improve the experimental method, and design the experiment with a more perfect principle.

2. Random error: random error has regularity and scalability. Random error can be measured several times to find the average of the values measured several times.

This average is closer to the true value than the value measured at one time.

Third, the characteristics are different.

1. Systematic error: The characteristic of systematic error is that when the same experiment is redone many times, the error is always the same large or small, and there will be no situation where this time is too large and the other time is small.

2. Random error: The characteristic of random error is that it is always sometimes large and sometimes small, and the probability of being large or small is the same.

Systematic errors can be eliminated, but random errors cannot be eliminated.

1. Systematic error is a kind of error caused by some fixed reasons in the analysis process, which is repeatable, unidirectional and measurable. That is, under the same conditions, the repeated measurement will be repeated, so that the measurement results are high or low, and the value size also has a certain rule.

If the cause of the error can be found and its magnitude can be determined, then the systematic error can be reduced or eliminated by the method of correction, and the systematic error is the main error in quantitative analysis.

2. Even if the sensitivity of the test system is high enough, under the same measurement conditions, when the same quantity is measured with equal precision for many times, there will still be various accidental and unsatisfactory uncertain factors to interfere and produce measurement errors, and its absolute value and symbol are unpredictable.

Random errors cannot be eliminated by correction or by taking some kind of technical measures.