When is the right time to fertilize eggplant, pepper and tomatoes in the vegetable garden? Why?

The temperature gradually rises before and after the valley rain solar term, the ground temperature also rises, and the soil moisture is also more suitable, so many farmers will transplant vegetable seedlings or buy vegetable seedlings directly from the market for planting. However, in the planting process, due to various reasons, there will be problems such as low survival rate of transplanting or slow seedling germination, which has a lot to do with the transplanting time, the growth of the seedlings themselves and the climatic conditions.

Peppers, tomatoes, and eggplants are all nightshade vegetables that can be grown year-round in facility conditions. Here are some of the main means of colonization during spring planting. When planting these three kinds of vegetable seedlings, it is necessary to consider the issues of temperature, ground temperature, seedling age and post-transplanting management.

Generally, the transplanting time is selected after the final frost period, the ground temperature reaches 12 15 or more, and the transplanting is carried out in the morning and the afternoon on a sunny day, avoiding transplanting on rainy days, and paying attention to avoiding rainy days before and after transplanting.

In case of rain, it is better to plant after the rain than to transplant before the rain. Due to the rainy weather, especially after the rain, the precipitation will significantly reduce the ground temperature, and the rain during or after transplanting will cause the seedlings to suffer frost damage or cold damage due to the drop in ground temperature, which will affect the root development, and then increase the seedling delay time and even reduce the survival rate of transplanting. Although transplanting on a sunny day will cause wilting, it is a normal phenomenon, and the seedlings can be quickly slowed down after transplanting with stable temperature on a sunny day, and the seedlings can be planted early, and can be marketed early.

Seedbed treatment and transplanting seedling age before transplanting. In the case of mulch film or small arch shed seedlings, seedling refining treatment should be carried out 10 days before transplanting, so that the seedlings can adapt to the low temperature environment in advance and reduce the low temperature damage after transplanting. Before transplanting, the seedbed should be watered thoroughly, commonly known as "separation water", which is convenient to reduce the root damage of seedlings when transplanting, in addition, the seedlings should be transplanted with more soil when transplanting, and transplanted according to the growth of seedlings.

The height of the plant suitable for transplanting pepper is about 20 cm, and more than 80% of the plants have buds and at least 6 true leaves.

At this time, transplanting can significantly improve the survival rate and can cause early germination. The transplanting age of tomatoes is about 80 days, the plant has about 7 true leaves, and each plant is guaranteed to have flower buds before transplanting. The seedling age of eggplant cultivated in the open field in spring is generally about 110 days, and the time is from late March to mid-April.

When transplanting, water the root water, that is, water enough water in the transplanting hole to ensure that the soil can soak the root system of the seedlings, and press the soil around the seedlings after transplanting. After watering once before transplanting, the planting water will not be watered when the temperature is too low at the seedling stage.

Slow seedling management. Water and fertilizer management is carried out according to the soil conditions during the seedling retardation period, and if the soil moisture is not good, you can water it once. Generally, if the basal fertilizer is sufficient, there is no need for top dressing at the seedling stage.

If it is a facility cultivation, the temperature should be controlled in the process of slowing the seedlings, pay attention to the wind to cool down when the temperature is high at noon during the day, and pay attention to covering the insulation facilities when the temperature is low at night. In addition, it is difficult to ensure 100% survival rate in the transplanting process, so check the survival rate of seedlings about 5 days after transplanting, timely replenish seedlings to prevent lack of seedlings, and supplement seedlings should choose to grow robustly, and the plant height is not much different from the seedlings in the field, so as to ensure the consistency of the growth of seedlings in the later stage.

Fertilization begins one month after transplanting. Because the base fertilizer begins to be completely absorbed by the plant at this time, nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer should be supplemented in time to promote the growth of plant rhizomes and regular watering.

For these vegetables, it is most appropriate to fertilize them after the fruit set.

After the cold of winter, the vegetable gardens of each family gradually become full of life, and all kinds of vegetables are neatly arranged according to their small squares. Peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, carobs, sweet potatoes and so on are now transplanted in his garden.

In rural areas, when people grow vegetables, they do not operate in a more standardized way than large-scale planting. However, before transplanting, it is also necessary to plough the loose soil. The soil in my garden is a little compact, so every time I grow vegetables, I need to loosen the soil with a hoe.

In their own vegetable garden, most of the fertilization of vegetables is only a base fertilizer and a top dressing. If you want vegetables to bear more fruit, you still need to fertilize more.

Base fertilizer: The base fertilizer in the vegetable garden, most of which are mainly rotted and fermented farm fertilizer, and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer is sprinkled when ploughing the ground. Home-grown vegetables generally use less chemical fertilizers, and the soil is relatively fertile, so chemical fertilizers are basically not used.

Top dressing: Fruiting vegetables such as eggplant, peppers, tomatoes, etc., it is better to apply some phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to promote flowering and fruiting. Generally, when germination and differentiation, a top dressing is carried out, and a small amount of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer can be applied, and a small amount of cake fertilizer that is fully decomposed and fermented.

It is good for continuous flowering and fruit set, and it is also conducive to fruit expansion.

Top dressing after harvesting: After a large number of flowers have set fruit, some fertilizer can be applied according to the seedling conditions. At this time, the fertilizer can be slightly more than the last top dressing.

In addition to fertilizing the fruit growth, the top dressing is mainly to prevent the premature aging of the plant after fruit hanging, and affect the yield of the subsequent stubble.

It is best not to use compound fertilizer and urea in the flowering and fruiting period of pepper and eggplant, because the fertilizer effect of compound fertilizer and urea is long, and the effect is slow, whether it is pepper or eggplant, it is the period of a large amount of fertilizer in the flowering and fruiting period, and it is best to use imported water-soluble fertilizer with fast effect during this period, which is highly nutritious and can meet the fertilizer requirements of pepper and eggplant.

Eggplant has a strong growth momentum, many side branches, and leaves grow quickly, especially when the temperature is right and fertilizer is sufficient, the plant is more luxuriant. However, if the plant grows too densely, it will cause flower drop, rotten fruit, and poor fruit color. Therefore, trimming the leaves of eggplant can increase the yield.

About 15 days after the eggplant seedlings were planted, shallow tillage and weeding were carried out, combined with small soil and thin application of seedling fertilizer once, and 10-20 quintals of thin human manure per mu. After the root eggplant sets fruit, remove the side branches below the root eggplant to avoid too many branches and leaves and consume nutrients. During this period, the plants have not been sealed, and deep cultivation and weeding, soil cultivation, a top dressing is applied, and 50 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied per mu.

When the plant grows into the middle and late stages, fertilizer should be applied once for each 2 harvests, and 15-20 kg of compound fertilizer should be applied per mu. At the same time, foliar fertilizers such as ribery, Yanwo powder, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed. Eggplant does not require much water in the early growth stage, and appropriate drought is conducive to flower bud differentiation and fruit setting rate.

After the root eggplant sits on the fruit, the water required for plant growth gradually increases, and the soil should be kept moist and properly drained and irrigated.

Choose the seedlings and seedlings of the strong pepper for transfer, to plant while watering to prevent high temperature, the high temperature environment will make the seedlings be exposed to the sun to cause a lack of seedling monopoly, tomato is a rhizome wet on the root of the vegetable, we can directly transplant, eggplant pay attention to the transplanting growth period, need to be transplanted 10 days in advance; All three should not be transplanted in rainy weather.

When transplanting, you can first ensure the speed of infection, ensure the same fertilizer, and also pay attention to the temperature, but also pay attention to the time of a bag, so as to ensure the survival of eggplant seedlings. It is necessary to pay attention to the time of transplanting, the process of transplanting, the protection of the soil, the protection of seedlings, and the protection of the root system.

When transplanting peppers, tomatoes and eggplants, these plants should be transplanted with soil, and the soil should be kept moist. Keep seedlings out of direct sunlight.

Many people who have a small vegetable garden in the countryside will transplant peppers, tomatoes, and eggplants. Generally, the temperature is slowly rising before and after the valley rain solar term, because the temperature is slowly rising at this time. Moreover, the ground temperature has also increased a little, and the soil condition is more suitable for transplanting at this time.

There are also many people who buy some vegetable seedlings to plant, but there may be some problems when planting. In fact, this has a lot to do with the time of transplanting, the condition of the seedlings, and the weather. <>

You must know that tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers are all nightshade vegetables, in fact, these vegetables can be grown all year round. If you want to transplant this seedling, you must transplant it according to the temperature, seedling age, and soil temperature. It is also necessary to manage the ground temperature after transplanting, and it is best to do it on a sunny day.

Do not transplant in rainy weather, and it should not be rainy before or after transplanting. <>

Because on rainy days, the temperature of the ground will decrease, and transplanting at this time will cause the seedlings to be frostbitten. This will affect the development of seedlings and the survival rate will also be reduced. Seedlings may wilt on sunny days, but this is normal.

If planted on a sunny day, the temperature of the ground will be relatively stable, which can make the seedlings slow down very quickly, and the growth rate is faster, and the seedbed should be treated before transplanting. <

If there is a mulch film or a shed, then the seedlings should be refined about 10 days before transplanting. This allows the seedlings to better adapt to the environment and temperature, and reduces the damage to the seedlings. And the seedbed should be watered before transplanting, and it should be watered thoroughly, which can reduce the damage to the seedlings, and when transplanting, more soil should be brought on the seedlings.

When transplanting peppers, it is best to choose seedlings that are about 20 cm tall. This can improve the survival rate and the germination will be earlier.

These three vegetables need to be transplanted during the planting process, and try to keep part of the soil when transplanting so as not to damage the roots. After transplanting, water quickly.

Just keep the rhizome at the time of transplantation, and don't break it.

After transplanting the seedlings of these plants, you should do a good job of shading, do not let the sun shine directly, and you should water more, and these plant seedlings can increase the light of the sun after they come to life.

Eggplant fertilization time and technique

1. Reapply basal fertilizer

1. Because the growth period of eggplant is relatively long, it is necessary to apply sufficient basal fertilizer before planting, and the amount of basal fertilizer is one-third or one-half of the total amount of fertilizer.

2. The well-rotted organic fertilizer is chicken manure, horse manure, cow manure, pig manure, etc.

3. Apply 5000 to 6000 kg of well-rotted organic fertilizer per mu, preferably 2 3 general application, 1 3 mixed ternary compound fertilizer 25 to 50 kg mu, and concentrate on planting ditch or planting hole.

Second, top dressing in stages

1. The fruiting period of eggplant is relatively long, so it needs to be fertilized many times.

2. The absorption of nutrients and nutrients increases rapidly after the full flowering period of eggplant, so the key period of top dressing is from "door eggplant staring" to "four door buckets" harvest.

3. After the eggplant is in full bloom, top dressing every 10-15 days, top dressing 15 to 20 kg of ammonium sulfate or urea to 10 kg per mu, or topdressing 500 to 600 kg of rotted human feces per mu.

4. When applying top dressing, you can choose the method of ditch application and hole application, and try not to apply it with water, so as to prevent the volatilization of active ingredients in fertilizer, resulting in reduced fertilizer efficiency and fertilizer damage.

3. Extra-root fertilization

1. Insufficient extra-root fertilizer will lead to nitrogen deficiency and yellowing of eggplant leaves, easy to turn green and yellow near the main vein of magnesium deficiency, and often fall leaves, which will affect the yield of eggplant.

2. In the eggplant fruiting period, according to the growth of eggplant plants, foliar fertilizer is sprayed with urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, etc., and sprayed once every 7-10 days, two or three times in a row.

Fourth, apply phosphate fertilizer with caution.

1. Eggplant has a large demand for phosphorus at the seedling stage, while the absorption of phosphorus is relatively reduced when entering the fruit expansion stage and the fruiting stage.

2. Applying more phosphorus fertilizer at the seedling stage of eggplant can promote the rooting and survival of eggplant after planting, which is conducive to plant growth and increase yield.

3. Less or no phosphorus fertilizer should be applied during the fruit expansion period and the peak fruiting period to avoid promoting the seed development in the fruit, causing the hardening of the peel and the decline of quality, and affecting the commodity value of eggplant.

Fifth, less chemical fertilizer

1. In the process of fertilizing eggplant, adhere to the fertilization principle of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer.

2. The amount of chemical fertilizer should not be too much, especially nitrogen fertilizer, so as not to cause the accumulation of nitrate in eggplant products due to excessive nitrogen, which will affect human health.

The growth period of eggplant is long, the branches and leaves are luxuriant, and it needs more fertilizer and is resistant to fertilizer, so top dressing during the growth period is the main measure to ensure the high yield of eggplant. Top dressing should be carried out according to the characteristics of fertilizer demand at different growth stages, and open field cultivation can be divided into four stages.

1. After survival to before flowering.

At this stage, topdressing is mainly "promoting", which promotes the growth of plants and lays the foundation for flowering and fruiting. For the medium soil fertility in Changsha, manure or chemical fertilizer can be applied after 4 to 5 days of planting (slow seedling). Here's how:

When the soil is dry on a sunny day, you can use "dry crop Wanjia can silver ion biological fertilizer" until the eggplant blooms.

2. After flowering to before fruit set.

This period is mainly "controlled", and fertilizer and water should be properly controlled to facilitate flowering and fruit setting. At this stage, the Yangtze River basin has entered the rainy season, and the soil moisture is large, and if the top dressing is improper, it is easy to cause plants to grow, resulting in eggplant flower and fruit dropping. If the plant grows well, it can be done without fertilization, if there is no sufficient basal fertilizer or due to low soil fertility, the plant growth is poor, and 10 20 human and animal manure can be applied when the soil is dry in sunny weather.

Eggplant has a great demand for nitrogen fertilizer in the full fruiting period, but under high temperature weather conditions, the fertilization method of "small amount and multiple times" should be adopted, and the one-time application amount should not be too large. Generally, top dressing is done once in about 7 days, and 10 15 kg of urea is applied per mu each time.