What are the characteristics of biopesticides?

Biological pesticides are a class of pesticide products with bactericidal or insecticidal effects. Biological pesticides are generally divided into plant-derived pesticides, biochemical pesticides and microbial pesticides. Now, let's take a look at what characteristics each of them has.

1. Plant-derived pesticides

Plant-derived pesticides are directly extracted from plants, and its pesticide components can be degraded in nature, will not be concentrated and enriched, and there are no pesticide residues, so it will not endanger human health.

Its composition is very complex, not one or two, contains a variety of insecticidal, or bactericidal active ingredients, the mechanism of action is different from that of general chemical pesticides, for some highly resistant pests, more often have a miraculous effect of killing.

Because of its unique mechanism, it is more difficult for pests and diseases to develop resistance to it. Plant-derived pesticides work quickly, some within seconds, but they have a short duration of action. It has a direct effect on pests and diseases, and beneficial insects and beneficial bacteria will also inhibit the occurrence of pests and diseases.

2. Biochemical pesticides

Biochemical pesticide pollution is the largest in the three types of pesticides, it is beneficial bacteria and harmful bacteria to eat, whether it is beneficial or harmful, long-term use of biochemical pesticides, the ground is rarely seen beneficial insects, pests and beneficial insects are gone.

It's ingredient list.

First, the mechanism is single, whether it is harmful bacteria or pests, it is easy to produce antibodies to it, but its persistence is very short.

3. Microbial pesticides

Microbial pesticides are the least polluting, but they are very demanding on the environment, and temperature and humidity can determine the effectiveness of their use. Microbial pesticides need a reproduction process, when killing pests, continue to reproduce, the population continues to expand, his spores will also infect the same kind of pests and harmful bacteria, slow onset, but long duration of effect, there is an after-effect.

It is a live fungal bacteria, and it is difficult for pests and diseases to produce resistance to it, but the validity period of microbial pesticides is particularly short, and the stability of quality is relatively poor, and then the range of pests it can deal with is very narrow, a drug against a pest and disease.

The characteristics are that there is no great harm to crops, there will not be too many pesticide residues, will not cause harm to the human body, will not harm the soil, the insecticidal effect is very good, and the effect of disease prevention is also very good.

First of all, such pesticides are more selective, and there is no special harm to people, and then they can also protect the ecological environment, and they are relatively safe, and the compatibility is also relatively good, and they will not produce particularly serious drug resistance.

The characteristic is that the effect is relatively good, but it is necessary to pay attention to the storage method and storage location, which has a certain volatility, so it needs to be sealed and preserved.

It is particularly safe, will not pollute the environment, and the effect is very obvious, with particularly strong medicinal properties, and will not affect other crops.

Compared with chemical pesticides, biological pesticides have many essential differences in terms of active ingredients**, industrial production methods, insecticidal and disease prevention mechanisms, and product modes of action. Biopesticides are more suitable for expanding the application of integrated pest management strategies in the future. In summary, biopesticides mainly have the following advantages.

One of the advantages of biopesticides is that they are highly selective, and they have been successfully developed for human and animal safety and are widely used in the market. They only have an effect on pests and diseases. They generally affect humans, animals, and a variety of beneficial organisms including animal predators, insect predators, bees, pollinators, fish, shrimp, and other aquatic organisms.

It is safe and has relatively little impact on non-target organisms. The effect of biological pesticides in the prevention and control of pests is mainly to use the insecticide, disease prevention and growth promotion functions of some special microorganisms or their metabolites. Its active active ingredients are completely present and present in the natural ecosystem.

Its biggest feature is that it is easily decomposed by sunlight, plants, or various soil microorganisms. It is a natural way of circulating substances that originate from nature and return to nature. Therefore, they can be considered safe and non-polluting to the natural ecological environment.

Some kinds of biological pesticides, entomopathogenic fungi, insect viruses, insect microsporidia, entomopathogenic nematodes, etc., have the ability to spread horizontally or vertically through eggs in pest populations, and can colonize and spread in the wild under certain conditions and develop epidemic ability. It can not only play a role in the prevention and control of contemporary pests in the current year, but also inhibit the population of offspring or pests in the next year to a certain extent, and the after-effect is obvious. <>

At present, the production and processing of biopesticides in China generally mainly use natural renewable resources, such as corn, soybean cake, fish meal, and wheat bran.

or certain plant bodies and other agricultural and sideline products. The raw materials ** are very extensive, and the cost of production.

Relatively low. Therefore, the production of biopesticides is generally not related to the use of non-renewable resources.

For example, oil, coal, natural gas, etc. compete for raw materials to produce chemical synthesis products. <>

The advantage of biological pesticides is that the pollution is relatively small, more targeted, will not produce pesticide harm, and the pressure on the environment is very small, the disadvantage is that the scope of use is relatively narrow, the cost will be relatively high, and it is interfered by external factors. The advantage of chemical pesticides is that the effect will be more prominent, the cost will be very low, the medicinal properties are very strong, and the economic benefits are also very high.

It can be widely used, it can also be used for pests and diseases, and it can be used to kill insects, the chemical composition is relatively heavy, it can effectively target pests and diseases, and both are used to kill bacteria, and it will affect crops.

First of all, it can achieve the effect of insecticide, sterilization and weeding, but it is easy to harm crops, may also lead to crop yields, pollute land, and pollute water resources.

Generally speaking, biopesticides refer to the direct use of living organisms or biologically produced active substances as pesticides, as well as synthetic pesticides with the same structure as natural compounds. Biological pesticides can be divided into insecticides (including acaricides), fungicides, herbicides, threadicides, plant growth regulators, and rodenticides according to their control objects.

Indoleacetic acid, pyrethroid, nicotine pesticide are the most common, ethephon, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus thuringiensis are more common: Jinggangmycin: avermectin, brassinolide, chunleimycin and so on.

<> Types of biological pesticides: microbial pesticides, agricultural antibiotics, plant-derived pesticides, biochemical pesticides, natural enemy insect pesticides, plant-derived pesticides. The activity of microbial pesticides is directly related to temperature, and the suitable temperature of the use environment must be higher than 15 degrees Celsius.

and below 30 degrees Celsius. Below the right temperature, the sprayed biopesticides multiply slowly and are difficult to work in the pests, and in general, 20-30 microbial pesticides are 1-2 times more effective than 10-15.

Biopesticides refer to pesticides that have good insecticidal and disease control effects on crops and do not have any harmful residues to human health. I'm just a farmer. I'm obsessed with green agriculture, so I have a certain understanding.

It must be confirmed that these pesticides are extracted from some plants, such as matrine preparations, rosin.

Mixed preparations and a variety of wild cotton, Xanthium.

Fresh half summer. Herbal preparations such as prickly pear are ubiquitous in rural areas. They don't need to spend money, but they need time to focus.

From Bacillus thuringiensis, avermectin.

Insecticides extracted from biological sources such as cotton bollworm, Spodoptera litura, and karyotype polyhedrovirus. The fungus includes a mixture of stone sulfur, Bordeaux liquid, and edible vinegar. Many plant-derived pesticides are common in the agricultural raw material market, such as matrine, rotenone, azadirachtcin, liru, pyrethroid, citrin, and essential oils.

The main raw material is already present in the organism. They are resistant to disease and plague.

There is no direct toxicity. They play a role in regulating the growth and development of cultures or diseases and plagues. Such as brassinolide, gibberellin, attract insects.

Such as bacterial biologics, Bacillus thuringiensis, fungal preparations, Beauveria bassiana, insect viruses made of biological agents, such as ribbopolysaccharides.

Viruses, granulosa viruses and viruses from cytoplasmic polyhedra. Nematode preparations are biological agents made from microbial metabolites, such as avermectin, vitamin A salt, liuyangmycin, etc. Such as insect ecdysone, insect information bait, insect fungicide and insect isotropic pyrimidine in insect inhibitors.

There are three relatively large types, one of which is plant-derived pesticides, and then also includes microbial pesticides, and animal-derived pesticides, for example, the first is a pesticide made by plants, and then it can be naturally decomposed in the environment.

The main ones are biochemical pesticides, microbial pesticides, and agricultural antibiotic preparations. Mainly including some pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, acaricides, plant growth regulators and so on.

The types of pesticides include plant-derived pesticides, animal-derived pesticides, microbial pesticides, selective pesticides, and destructive pesticides, which are the types of biological pesticides and are also more common types on the market.

Biopesticides are a broad-spectrum, highly effective and safe insecticide.

It can not only effectively control a variety of insect pests, but also do not harm people, livestock and poultry.

1. What are the biological pesticides?

According to the standards of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, biological pesticides are generally natural compounds or genetic modifiers, mainly including biochemical pesticides and microbial pesticides, and agricultural antibiotic preparations are not included.

China's biological pesticides can be divided into four parts: microbial live pesticides, microbial metabolite pesticides, plant-derived pesticides, and animal-derived pesticides according to their compositions.

According to the control object, it can be divided into insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, acaricides, rodenticides, plant growth regulators, etc.

In the practical application of agricultural production in China, biological pesticides generally refer to microorganisms that can be industrialized on a large scale.

2. Advantages and disadvantages of biopesticides.

1. Advantages: The most prominent point of biopesticides is their safety, which is safe for humans and animals, the environment, and natural enemies.

Some biopesticides are living organisms, which can reproduce on their own after use, greatly extending the effective period and building a new environment of ecological balance.

In addition, biopesticides are widespread, have great potential for improvement, and are not easy to produce resistance, and the advantages of many aspects make biopesticides a hot spot in recent years.

2. Disadvantages: Compared with chemical pesticides, there are also many inherent weaknesses, such as slow onset, susceptibility to temperature and humidity and other conditions, and complex action components.

3. The scope of use of biological pesticides.

Biological pesticides are mainly used to control cotton bollworm, red bollworm, bridge-building worm, tobacco green worm and so on.

Grain crops of two borer, three borer, rice bract, rice leaf borer, etc.

Vegetable cabbage worms, diamondback moths, vegetable borers, etc.

Fruit tree pine caterpillars, peach heartworms, inchworms, big bag moths, leaf roller moths, etc.

The appropriate period for the prevention and control of cotton bollworm is: in the peak period of oviposition, that is, when the number of eggs reaches 20 grains, the pesticide will be applied once every 3 4 days, and the pesticide will be applied 2 or 3 times per generation, and the number of pesticide applications will be appropriately increased in the year of large occurrence.

Other pests such as cabbage worms, tobacco worms, bean moths, corn borers, pine caterpillars and fruit tree pests can be applied at the peak of oviposition or the early instar of larvae.

Fourth, the use of biological pesticides should look at the temperature in four ways.

When used at 25 30 hours, the control effect is 1 2 times higher than that at 10 15 hours.

Therefore, it is best not to use Linghui when the temperature is lower than 20.

2. Look at the humidity.

The higher the humidity of the environment, the better the control effect.

Powder BT can give full play to its efficacy under high humidity conditions.

3. Look at the sun.

In order to avoid the damaging effect of ultraviolet rays in the sun on the spores, it is best to choose to spray it on a cloudy day or after a long time in the afternoon.

4. Watch the rain.

Moderate to high rainfall will wash away the liquid sprayed on the stems and leaves of the plant, thus reducing the effectiveness of the drug.

After spraying, the drizzle in the breast is reduced, which has the effect of increasing the control effect.

If the spray ruler encounters moderate to heavy rain after reciting the medicine, it must be sprayed.