What are the benefits of growing rice in saline alkali land Why is saline alkali rice delicious?

Saline-alkali landNot suitable for rice growing.

The grading of saline-alkali land is generally divided into 3 grades, namely mild saline-alkali land, moderate saline-alkali land and severe saline-alkali land, according to the pH value, when the pH value is between the mild saline-alkali land, the pH value is between the moderate saline-alkali land, and the pH value is greater than the heavy saline-alkali land.

The reason why it is difficult to grow rice on saline-alkali land

First, rice needs a suitable growth environment, only within the normal pH range, the root system can carry out normal metabolic activities, if the pH value is too large, the root growth of the rice itself will be inhibited, and at the same time, with the increase of the pH value, the degree of root damage will increase, in serious cases, the root system will die directly, and the whole rice will die.

Second, under normal circumstances, the soil contains a lot of microorganisms, which are very beneficial to the growth of rice, such as the common benefits help rice absorb nutrients in the soil, decompose the organic matter in the soil, and play a role in improving soil quality, which is generally conducive to the growth of rice, but if it is saline-alkali land, the pH value is too large, affecting the activities of microorganisms, and it is not conducive to the growth of rice.

Third, the nutrients in the soil are relatively abundant, but these nutrients do not exist in one form, but in a variety of forms co-existing in the soil, such as compounds, ions, polymers, etc., in the case of high pH value, some ionic forms of nutrients (such as calcium ions.

magnesium ions, etc.), which will form insoluble or slightly soluble compounds in water, which cannot be effectively absorbed by rice.

China's agricultural science and technology workers are based on many years of experience in saline-alkali land improvementThe dynamic law of water and salt was summarized as "salt comes with water, salt goes with water, water goes with gas, and gas goes with salt storage", and the improvement of rice cultivation in saline-alkali land has been successfully realized.

1) Rice planting in saline-alkali land is not only soil use, but also soil improvement, that is, the so-called improvement in utilization, so the more you plant, the more suitable for rice planting. It is different from the practice of improving saline-alkali land in various countries in the world before using it.

2) The most important thing for planting rice in saline-alkali land is to wash salt in combination with soaking fields. Therefore, irrigation should be sufficient and drainage should be good. The paddy field should maintain a certain water layer, which can dilute the salt and leach the salt to penetrate deeply. Irrigation should be carried out frequently, and if necessary, the higher salt water layer should be drained and replaced with fresh water.

3) Saline-alkali land is mostly low-lying land, and drainage is difficult. When growing dry crops on saline-alkali land, special attention must be paid to draining the groundwater below the critical level required for crops. On the other hand, the requirements for the groundwater table for rice cultivation in saline-alkali land are obviously not as strict as those for dry crops.

4) Saline-alkali land is mostly barren and thin land, and the soil is alkaline, board and thin, and the improvement of saline-alkali land mainly depends on organic fertilizer.

5) The saline-alkali land is mostly flat and relatively desolate, and ditches, channels, roads, etc. can be planned in a unified manner.

Origin of seawater rice:

The origin of seawater rice is by the sea of Yanchao Village, Chengyue Town, Suixi County, China, and seawater rice can be referred to as seawater rice, and the reason why it is so called is because it is a visual name, because seawater rice is a special rice that grows in the saline-alkali land of the seaside tidal flats and other areas. Therefore, seawater rice does not really grow in seawater, but is not afraid of short-term soaking in seawater.

It is understood that there are now 100 million hectares of saline-alkali land in the world, of which Asia occupies 100 million hectares, and China has 1.5 billion acres of saline-alkali land, of which 100 million acres of saline-alkali land can be used. According to the calculation of the future yield of 200-300 kilograms per mu of seawater rice, the grain production will increase by tens of billions of kilograms, which means that more people can be fed.

The rice itself is to see that there is a roll, and now the other party he likes. Who's like this? The rice of the Zhuang people is very delicious.

Hello, because the environment in which it grows is different, it is rich in minerals.

Thank you very much for your question.

The fragrance of rice flowers says that it is a good year.

A few decades ago, the people of the Great Northern Wilderness brought the fragrance of rice flowers to the black soil, but it became a pity to open up the saline-alkali land.

Decades later, the new varieties of rice bred by agricultural experts in our province have grown strong in the saline-alkali land, filling the gap that rice cannot be cultivated in the heavily saline-alkali land in China for thousands of years.

The meeting starts with going down to the field to see the crops.

On September 16, the promotion meeting of 333 excellent rice varieties of China's first desertification control association was held in Zhentai County, Baicheng City, our province.

The meeting started like no other.

Early in the morning, more than 200 pioneer cars attending the meeting came to the fields 30 or 40 kilometers away from Zhentai County, and unlike the dry gray land along the way, in the experimental field where 333 rice was cultivated in Zhentai County, it was golden.

When I first heard about the new varieties of rice, everyone didn't dare to plant them, because in the past, chemical fertilizers could not be released in the ground, and they made up for one stubble and one stubble.

But I want to try it, and when I plant it in May or June, I can smell the aroma of rice in the field, and I have a bottom in my heart. Wang Xiaoshan, who planted the experimental field, said.

Our province has realized "asking for grain from saline-alkali land".

At present, there are 1.5 billion acres of saline-alkali land in China, and the western part of our province is the most serious area of soda salinization in Northeast China, with an area of about 10,000 hectares, and it is one of the three major saline-alkali lands in the world.

It would be a worldwide miracle if this part of the saline-alkali land was turned into high-yield fields.

Asking for grain from saline-alkali land, several agricultural experts in our province have realized this dream.

After more than ten years of repeated research and development, they finally cultivated a new rice variety "Fuyu 333" suitable for planting in heavily saline-alkali land, which was also the first successful cultivation in the country.

Rice endowment 333 has been approved by the Provincial Crop Varieties Committee, the variety has been organized by the province of regional tests, production tests, disease resistance identification and other procedures, to meet the conditions of the variety jury, allowed to promote planting in suitable areas.

After testing, it meets the requirements of the quality regulations of first-class edible japonica rice varieties.

At present, the planting areas include Baicheng, Songyuan, eastern Jilin and other medium-ripening rice cultivation areas in our province.

Salinity resistance starts from the seed genes.

According to Li Yongfu, one of the farmer breeding experts, the 333 rice variety is bred by the cross breeding of No. 2 and 123, the rice quality is particularly good, it belongs to the ultra-long Thai rice, the growth period is 135 days, the main characteristics are the high resistance to salinity, strong resistance to stress, strong disease resistance, lodging resistance, and strong cold tolerance in the gene.

Seeing is believing, in the experimental field, Ren Kongyu, a farmer from Gashigen Township, Zhentai County, picked an ear of rice, counted it carefully one by one, made several mistakes and counted again, and finally! That's 30 or 40 grains more than ordinary rice. ”

According to experts, the 333 seeds are excellent and will grow better if a series of plant nutrition ** fertilization programs are used.

1. The crops planted in the saline-alkali land include sweet Gaoying, wolfberry, sand date, etc., and some plants are also planted, such as a willow, poplar, poplar, white elm, ash, ash, saxon, almond and begonia and other plants, they can all grow in the saline-alkali land. 2. Among them, sorghum and sunflower seeds are planted in a relatively large area, these two crops are more resistant to salt and alkali, suitable for planting in sandy soil, have strong resistance to emperors, good adaptability, and the yield is much higher than that of other crops planted on saline-alkali land. Goji berries, jujubes and jujux (some people call them Luobuma) are mainly wild in the wastelands of saline-alkali areas, on the edges of deserts, on the shores of rivers and lakes and on the barren beaches of sand dunes.

Later, through artificial introduction and domestication, a large number of farmers planted on saline-alkali land, are famous Chinese medicinal materials, and the economic value is very high.

It's no problem to grow rice in this field. What problems need to be solved, let's ask again. The key is whether you can grow rice or not.

The pH secondary is mainly to look at the salinity content. It is better to improve saline-alkali land into rice Very much in favor, you may have to consider several factors, 1. Geography and climate factors, whether it is suitable for growing rice.

2. The topography, such as the situation around the saline-alkali land you want to improve, whether there is a river or ditch or in a wow field without an exit, because it is necessary to consider the salt, saline-alkali accumulation, etc.

3. The problem of water source, that is, whether it is suitable for irrigation of deep well water (shallow water is not allowed, the amount of water is very small and the salinity content is heavy) or the amount of precipitation in rivers or localities.

There are also some small problems of hair, not to mention, all understand, the rest of you will try to turn deep, level, ridges, etc. to improve it, the later planting is not much different from the ordinary, just pay attention to fertilization, and prevent the occurrence of secondary salinization, which is very important, it depends on your choice, you must see it, do not be in a saline-alkali land, the lowest lying place.

(1) Salt washing standards.

It includes two indicators, the thickness of the desalinated soil layer and the salt content of the soil after salt washing. Considering that the irrigation water during the rice growth period continues to leach, the desalination depth of the soil during the soaking period is generally specified to be 20 cm according to the needs of the root depth of the transplanted seedlingsThe salt content of the soil after washing should be lower than the critical value of salt tolerance of seedlings.

2) Salt washing period.

The salt washing period is related to the use of productive labor in irrigation areas, the utilization and allocation of water sources, and the desalination effect of soil, which should be arranged as a whole. For light and moderate saline-alkali soils, the general soaking time can be carried out 7 to 10 days before transplanting. Adopt centralized soaking to wash salt, concentrate on land preparation, concentrate on transplanting, shorten the soaking period, and continue to operate soaking, ploughing, leveling and transplanting to save water.

However, for heavy saline-alkali soil and saline soil, it is necessary to have a long time to soak in the field and wash salt, such as 15 to 20 days before transplanting, and soak for a longer time to facilitate the leaching of salt.

3) The method of washing salt.

Set up horizontal stems on the strip field, implement small grid soaking fields, and achieve the separation of high-lying land, high irrigation in high ground, and low irrigation in low land to ensure that the water layer is uniform. The soaking water should be poured into the field within 2 3 days, the first day the water slowly enters the ground, slowly infiltrates the ridges, and the second day is irrigated to establish a water layer, during which the water is prevented from running out.

Yes, the cultivation of rice in saline-alkali land must be conditional 1The water source is sufficient, which is conducive to irrigation, and provides the necessary water source guarantee for improving the saline-alkali land to implement live water washing alkali, use water to pressure alkali, and ensure the normal growth of rice. The abundant solar and thermal resources, the sunshine hours from April to September are 1700-1800 h, the effective accumulated temperature is 2800-3000 h, and the frost-free period is 150-170 d, which can fully meet the growth needs of rice.

The low-lying saline-alkali land has low terrain, poor drainage, and strong evaporation, resulting in the continuous accumulation of salt on the surface, and the deterioration of hydrological and geological conditions. Therefore, in afforestation in low-lying saline-alkali land, it is necessary to carefully select tree species.

Arbor species. Black locust. The roots of Robinia pseudoacacia can directly fix nitrogen, and it is a pioneer tree species for afforestation in sandy and alkaline land, but it is not suitable for planting in low-lying land with poor drainage.

Weeping willow. It likes to live in wetlands and watersides, is moderately tolerant to salinity, and can be used as an important shelterbelt tree species in saline-alkali land.

Salix. It is one of the fast-growing tree species in sand-alkaline land, which is resistant to water and moisture, and is suitable for growing on mild sulfate land. It can be planted on both sides of the river channel and saline-alkali depression in the waterlogged area, and should be used as a pioneer tree species and charcoal forest. It is also a good tree species for farmland shelterbelts.

Tree of heaven. It grows quickly, is a pioneer tree species for early afforestation in saline-alkali land, and can protect banks and winds. It can be planted on both sides of the channel and on the sides of the road on higher ground.

Bead tree. The salt tolerance is second only to that of Robinia pseudoacacia, which can grow on dry and barren saline-alkali land, with few insect pests, fast growth and strong germination ability.

Populus tomentosa. It grows well in fertile and moist places, grows normally in lightly saline-alkali land, and can tolerate short-term flooding. It is suitable for fast-growing and high-yield forests, farmland shelterbelts and excellent tree species for greening on all sides.

Hybrid poplar. For example, 46 poplars and 69 poplars in Zhonglin grow normally under the condition that the soil salt content is 0 5, the perennial groundwater level is less than 1 meter, and there is water accumulation in the rainy season, which is a good fast-growing tree species for timber forests, shelter forests and greening on all sides.

White elm. It is more tolerant to salinity and alkali, and the soil salt content does not exceed 0 4 when it grows well. It can be used as an excellent tree species for timber forests, farmland shelterbelts and greening on all sides.

Mulberry. It is very resistant to salt and water, and can be planted on both sides of farmland shelterbelts.

Pear. It is one of the hardy, waterlogging-tolerant and moderately salt-tolerant fruit tree species, such as using Du pear as the rootstock for grafting pear trees, which is more waterlogging and alkaline. It grows on soils with a salt content of 0 6.

Apricot. It is one of the most saline-alkaline tolerant fruit trees.

Jujube. The requirements for the soil are not strict, except for swamp land and heavily alkaline land, it can be cultivated. It has a strong adaptability to soil pH, and there are no strict requirements for the level of groundwater level, and there is no obvious effect on the growth even when the water is 30 cm or 70 cm and lasts for 30 days.

Paulownia. It is suitable for the growth of sand-alkali land, mainly as a farmland shelter forest, but it is afraid of flooding and does not tolerate moisture.

Shrub species. Purple locust. It grows rapidly and has strong adaptability, and can be used as a low-level forest tree in the windbreak belt in saline-alkali sandy areas, and grows well when the soil salt content is 0 4.

Ash strips. It can grow on low humidity soils with a salt content of 0 2 0 5. It can be used for greening trees and cultivating ash stems. It can survive and grow after many days of flooding.

Strange willows. Drought-tolerant, barren-resistant, highly salt-alkali resistant, windproof, sand fixation, bank revetment, both sides of channels at all levels in saline-alkali areas and saline-alkali land where grass and trees do not grow can be planted.

Willow. Deciduous shrub, rapid growth, strong adaptability, mild salinity tolerance, sand fixation revetment. It is suitable for planting in mild saline-alkali wetlands, riverbank alkaline land, plain slopes, and sand-alkali wastelands.