The carpenter s use of mortise and tenon technology to make transformers was praised by netizens, ho

As early as the Neolithic Age in Hemudu, there are people who use mortise and tenon, which has a history of about 7,000 years, and mortise and tenon is a relatively unique craft production method.

The history has been more than 2000 years, at first, the mortise and tenon joint was used in the beams, and later this interlocking structure was loved by modern people and used in craft products.

The mortise and tenon craft has a history of thousands of years in China, more than 7,000 years ago in the Neolithic Age, and it was found that people at that time had applied the craft to life, production and farming.

The development history of mortise and tenon joints began in the Luban period, and it has a long history of about 1,500 years.

According to some historical records, it has been found to be more than 7,000 years old, which is indeed very long.

China up and down for 5,000 years, and the development of Chinese mortise and tenon has been around for a long time, we now know that the most famous is Luban, and Luban is in the period, probably can be pushed out to the Warring States Period, it can be seen that it is actually very long.

These traditional skills have been passed down for thousands of years, mainly in the splicing of traditional Chinese furniture and the framework of traditional bridge buildings.

Our country has a long cultural history of thousands of years, and in these thousands of years of history, many cultural and artistic treasures have been left behind. When it comes to traditional Chinese architecture, we always think of the "mortise and tenon" structure. Its power lies in the fact that without an iron nail, it can make the structure of the house tightly and strong, and it will stand for thousands of years.

To this day, this technology can still be seen in many ancient buildings, such as the well-known Forbidden City, which is built using mortise and tenon structures.

The emergence of mortise and tenon structure has made our construction technology and technology qualitatively improved. This kind of use of the woods, their own occlusion, can be independent of each other, the woods can be firmly fastened together. Not only is it strong but also very beautiful and delicate, and the ancients used such a structure to build their homes and exquisite palaces.

First, the mortise and tenon structure, a skill that amazes the world In ancient times, without the developed technology of today, it was impossible to produce items such as iron nails, let alone build houses with reinforced concrete. But the clever ancients used the common wood in life to the extreme, and invented the mortise and tenon structure by using the characteristics of high plasticity of wood.

In such a structure, the timber is made into a joint mode, and then the timber is firmly connected by using the occlusion force between each other. Coupled with the pressure, this connection is far more stable and safer than the iron nail fixing.

Second, the mortise and tenon structure building, the fine products in the history of architecture have appeared with the mortise and tenon structure, so that many ancient buildings can be preserved from ancient times to today. Among them, the most famous buildings are the Forbidden City, Shanxi Datong Hanging Temple, Shakya Pagoda and so on. These ancient buildings can be preserved for thousands of years.

During this period, it has survived many natural disasters, but it has still been able to stand, which is a treasure in the history of architecture.

There are many, many more buildings like this across the country. These ancient buildings have been well preserved, to a large extent, thanks to the mortise and tenon structure.

The mortise and tenon joint structure is admired by the people of the world, and it is also the pride of our descendants of Yan and Huang. Nowadays, there are many people who are studying this structure, and there are also many people who love the mortise and tenon structure.

Very powerful, can be perfectly assembled without nails, such a structure is particularly powerful, is wise, many ancient buildings, wooden objects have such a technology appeared, the Forbidden City, the Old Summer Palace, the Temple of Heaven, the Yellow Crane Tower, the Hanging Temple, all have this structure.

It's amazing. For example, there are the Qin Dynasty Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit, the Forbidden City, the Old Summer Palace, the Temple of Heaven, the Hanging Temple, the Yellow Crane Tower, etc., these buildings are built using this technology, reflecting the wisdom of the ancient working people.

The "mortise and tenon" construction technology is very powerful, it is a traditional technology that cannot be copied, without the use of nails and some sticky materials, so that the house made of wood can still stand after thousands of years. The Forbidden City, the Ming Tombs, and the Shakya Pagoda are all "mortise and tenon" structures, and the Wenyuan Pavilion, Le Shou Tang, Taihe Palace, Baohe Palace, Zhonghe Palace, etc. in the Forbidden City in Beijing; The main hall of the Temple of Heaven "Hall of Prayer" hall. China's first wooden pagoda Buddha Palace Temple Shakya Pagoda is equivalent to a modern high-rise building with more than 20 floors, and is the world's tallest existing wooden structure.

The mortise and tenon joint is the essence of traditional Chinese woodwork, which is a combination of concave and convex connection methods used on two wooden components. The protruding part is called tenon (or tenon), and the concave part is called tenon (or tenon, tenon), and the tenon is inserted into the joint, and the two components are connected and fixed. A variety of mortise and tenon structures connect objects together and are inseparable.

The corbel carving has gone through hundreds of years.

After polishing, the light wood color has turned into a heavy old color, and the historical vicissitudes and cultural connotation are more intense.

If one does not know the mysteries of this magical structure, it is impossible to separate the objects that are fastened together; Only if you have mastered the mechanisms and techniques of various structures can you easily disassemble them.

In fact, the mechanisms in the camera obscura, treasure boxes and other related instruments that have been used to this day are all mortise and tenon structures at work.

The mortise and tenon structure on an ancient oil press.

Mortise and tenon structure on the oil engine.

The mortise and tenon joint structure is used in ancient wells.

The mortise and tenon joint structure is widely used in ancient buildings, such as the Shanxi Hanging Temple built more than 1,400 years ago, and the wooden pagoda in Yingxian County, Shanxi about 1,000 years ago.

Mortise and tenon structure, ancient Chinese architecture with wood, bricks and tiles as the main building materials, wood frame structure as the main structural mode, by columns, beams, purlins and other main components of the construction, the nodes between the components to the mortise and tenon coincidence, forming a flexible framework.

Mortise and tenon is a combination of concave and convex connection used on two wooden components. The protruding part is called tenon (or tenon); The recessed part is called the mortise (or mortise and tenon), and the tenon and the tenon are occluded to play a connecting role. This is the main way in which ancient Chinese architecture, furniture, and other wooden instruments were structured.

The mortise and tenon joint structure is a combination of tenon and tenon, which is an ingenious combination between more and less, high and low, long and short between wood pieces, which can effectively limit the twisting of wood pieces in all directions. The most basic mortise and tenon structure consists of two members, one of which is inserted into the socket of the other, so that the two members are connected and fixed. The part of the tenon that protrudes into the mortise is called the tongue, and the rest is called the shoulder.

In China in the past few hundred years, there are two things that have been regarded as the quintessence of the country by overseas Chinese: one is the art of Peking Opera, and the other is mahogany furniture. Traditional Chinese furniture has entered the peak of craftsmanship since the end of the Ming Dynasty.

Since then, it has been passed down from generation to generation, and now traditional Chinese furniture culture has become part of the world cultural heritage. It is recognized by the world and is fragrant for a long time. The soul of traditional Chinese mahogany furniture is the mortise and tenon structure.

The whole set of furniture and even the whole house do not use a single iron nail, but can be used for hundreds or even thousands of years, which is a miracle in the history of human light manufacturing. This traditional national craftsmanship is the reason why people at home and abroad are sought after.

First, the mortise and tenon structure has a long history. The study found that as early as the Neolithic Age in Hemudu more than 7,000 years ago, our ancestors had begun to use mortise and tenon joints, and the mortise and tenon joint structure has a long history as a unique craft creation of the Chinese nation. The reason why traditional Chinese furniture (especially Ming and Qing dynasty furniture) has reached today's level is directly related to the use of this feature, and it is the use of this ingenious structure that enhances the artistic value of Chinese furniture, especially admired by foreign furniture and architectural artists.

The reason why Chinese furniture is also called traditional furniture is that the mortise and tenon structure is the core.

2. Furniture with mortise and tenon structure is more durable than furniture connected with iron nails. First, the mortise and tenon joint structure is a combination of tenon and tenon, which is an ingenious combination between more and less, high and low, long and short between wood pieces, which can effectively limit the twisting between wood pieces in all directions. And iron nail connection can't do it.

For example, if you use iron nails to make a T-shaped combination of two wooden bars, the vertical and horizontal bars are easily twisted and change the angle, while the mortise and tenon joints are combined to prevent them from being twisted. Secondly, metal is susceptible to rust or oxidation, while real mahogany furniture can be used for hundreds or thousands of years. Many Ming-style furniture are hundreds of years old, although the vicissitudes of life, but the wood is as hard as ever.

If such furniture is assembled with iron nails, it is likely that the wood is intact, but due to the corrosion, fatigue, aging of the metal connection, etc., the furniture will fall apart.

3. Furniture with mortise and tenon structure is easy to transport. Many mahogany furniture is disassembled and transported, and then assembled and installed at the destination, which is very convenient. If you use iron nails to connect furniture, you can make it into a partial split, but you can't make furniture with a lot of small wooden pieces such as chairs.

Fourth, the mortise and tenon structure of furniture is easy to maintain. Pure mahogany furniture can be used for hundreds of years, and there will always be problems, such as a broken fir that needs to be replaced. Furniture connected with iron nails is not as easy to disassemble and replace as mortise and tenon furniture.

Fifth, the quality of mortise and tenon is high. Mahogany wood is hard, while iron nails are wedged into it by squeezing and drilling, and this process is very easy to cause wood splitting, which is very well known to carpenters. The use of mortise and tenon joints to connect mahogany furniture can greatly improve the intrinsic quality of mahogany furniture, which is also an important reason why the mahogany furniture made by traditional craftsmanship has value-added collection value.

Mortise and tenon craft, the inheritance of the spirit of Chinese craftsmen. The mortise and tenon structure has a long history, and the earliest human mortise and tenon joint technology can be traced back to the Hemudu site about 7,000 years ago. When they built the house, they used a large number of gan style buildings, which made the stability of the house much better, and after that, many famous buildings in our ancient times were built using mortise and tenon structures.

For example, the Guanyin Pavilion of Dule Temple in Jixian County, Tianjin, the wooden tower in Yingxian County, Shanxi Province, etc., have experienced many times for thousands of years and still stand proudly.

Mortise and tenon is a very delicate invention, this kind of component connection without nails, so that the traditional Chinese wood structure has become a special flexible structure that surpasses the contemporary building frame, frame or steel frame, which can not only bear a large load, but also allow a certain deformation, absorb a certain amount of energy through deformation under the load, and reduce the response of the structure.

The ancient carpenters of our country not only had skillful hands, but also intelligent brains. They have left behind a valuable wealth and experience for the manufacture of Chinese wooden structures.

The magical ancient mortise and tenon structure is not only used in furniture, but also in architecture.

When you see the top-heavy "Crown of the East" --- the China Pavilion at the World Expo, you may be surprised: how can it hold up?! It turns out that it also adopts a magical mortise and tenon structure, the bucket arch is superimposed layer by layer, the tighter and tighter, seemingly fragmented parts, but has an immeasurable bearing capacity, can hold up the weight of a thousand pounds.

The mortise and tenon joint is the earliest language with scientific design significance in Chinese architecture, and in the history of the development of our national civilization, the invention of Chinese characters has a long history and is self-contained.

The origin of mortise and tenon structures can be traced back to the Neolithic period more than 7,000 years ago in China and to the seventh century in Japan.

In Japan, craftsmen connect wooden blocks and beams day after day with intricate interlocking joints, an aesthetic that can still be seen now often seen in the work of modern masters Shigeru Saka and Kengo Kuma.

The mortise and tenon joint, the concave and convex connection used on wooden components, was a major invention in ancient China about 7,000 years ago. The convex part is called the tenon, and the concave part is called the tenon, and when the tenon is inserted into the socket, the two pieces of wood will be tightly connected as one, so that the independent, loose components are combined into a structure with various load capacities. Mortise and tenon joints are used in a wide range of applications, and it is not only the soul of classical Chinese architecture and furniture, but also used in other industries such as shipbuilding and bridge building.

China's ancient craftsmen in the mortise and tenon structure of extraordinary attainments, can produce a wide variety, incomparably delicate mortise and tenon joints, between the components, without a metal nail, can do not allow hair, seamless, embodies the design ingenuity of the ancients and the wisdom of creation. In addition to the advantages of exquisiteness and practicality, the mortise and tenon joint structure also contains the philosophical ideas of the ancient Chinese that complement yin and yang, and the coexistence of virtual and real, and condenses the essence of Chinese traditional culture for thousands of years.

The mortise and tenon joint structure in China originated in the Neolithic period. About 7,000 years ago, the Ganlan building built by the Hemudu people, a primitive tribe living in the Yuyao area of present-day Zhejiang, had already used mortise and tenon technology. The wooden components unearthed from the Hemudu cultural site are large as columns, beams, fangs, and boards, and as small as the wooden flutes of the railings, all of which have adopted this advanced sealing connection method without exception, and because of this, the mortise and tenon joint is known as a national symbol earlier than the history of Chinese characters.

About 7,000 years ago, the Hemudu people invented the ganlan building on the basis of nest dwelling. The ganlan building became the main architectural form in the early period of Hemudu culture. This kind of building is made of erected wooden piles to form a base frame above the ground, and there is a suspended floor supported by large and small beams on the bottom frame, and the board is equipped with columns, and the roof is covered with reed mats and thatch, and people live on the top, and livestock are raised below.

The largest single building is at least 23 meters wide and about 7 meters deep, with a corridor about one meter wide in the front eaves, and a mullioned wooden railing and a wooden ladder at the front of the building. The construction mode of the dry-bar building makes it waterproof and moisture-proof, and also shelters from insects and animals. The Hemudu ganlan building is the earliest wooden building in China, and the mortise and tenon joint technology has been used in its beam frame and other structures.

Mortise and tenon is not an original technology of Chinese civilization, and other ancient civilizations in the world also invented mortise and tenon technology very early. The earliest examples of wooden mortise and tenon joints found in Europe are a series of early wells located in central Europe (present-day eastern Germany), which appeared in about the same period as the earliest examples of mortise and tenon joints in China, about 7,000 years ago in the Neolithic period. The ancient Egyptians also used mortise and tenon techniques in furniture making and shipbuilding at an early age.