What are the main surveying tasks included in civil building construction surveying?

The inspection of building structure can be divided into the inspection of the quality of building structure engineering and the detection of the performance of existing building structure. When one of the following situations is encountered, the quality of building structure engineering should be tested: the number of test blocks, test pieces and related materials related to structural safety is insufficient; The sampling test results of construction quality do not meet the design requirements; If there is doubt or controversy about the quality of construction, it is necessary to further analyze the reliability of the structure through testing; In the event of an engineering accident, it is necessary to analyze the cause of the accident and its impact on the reliability of the structure through testing.

When one of the following situations is encountered, the existing building structure status defects and damage, structural component bearing capacity, structural deformation and other items involving structural performance should be tested: building structure safety identification; seismic appraisal of building structures; Reliability appraisal before building overhaul; Architectural alteration with....

1. The purpose and content of construction surveying:

The purpose of construction survey is to design the plane position and elevation of the designed buildings and structures on the ground with a certain accuracy according to the design requirements, as the basis for construction. And carry out a series of measurement work during the construction process to connect and guide the construction between the various processes.

2. Characteristics of construction surveying:

1) The requirements for measurement accuracy depend on factors such as the size, material, use, and construction method of the building or structure.

2) The construction survey work is closely related to the quality of the project and the construction progress.

3) There are many types of work on the construction site, frequent cross operations, and a large number of soil and stone filling and excavation, the ground changes greatly, and there is the vibration of power machinery, so all kinds of measurement marks must be buried firmly and in a position that is not suitable for destruction.

3. Principles of construction surveying:

Construction surveying, like surveying and mapping topographic maps, should also follow the principle of "from the whole to the part, first control and then the part". That is, a unified plane control network and elevation control network are established at the construction site, and then the position of each building and building structure is measured on this basis.

4. Preparation before construction survey:

1) Familiar with drawings: general plan, architectural plan, foundation plan, foundation detail, elevation, section, etc.;

2) On-site survey: understand the distribution of features, landforms and original survey control points on the site;

3) Leveling and cleaning the construction site;

4) Draw a survey and design sketch and draw up a survey and design plan.

The principle of building construction surveying: first establish a unified plane elevation control network at the construction site, and then on this basis, measure and set up each building.

1. Establishment of construction plane control network.

1 Layout form.

1) Building Baseline – A small building site with flat terrain.

2) Building Grid - A site with flat terrain and regular distribution of buildings.

3) Wires – Sites where buildings are irregularly distributed.

2 The form and requirements of the building baseline.

1) The layout forms are: "one" shape, "L" shape, "ten" shape, "T" shape.

2) Requirements: The direction of the main axis should be parallel to the axis of the main building, and the main axis points should not be less than 3.

3 Methods for measuring and setting building baselines.

1) Measured according to the red line of the building.

2) Measurement and design according to the measurement control point.

3) Measurement and design according to the centerline of existing buildings and roads.

The method is the same as that of building red-line measurement.

4 Survey and design of building grids.

1) According to the method of building baseline measurement, determine the main axis first.

2) The method of dialing 90 0 2 is used to encrypt and form a square grid.

Establishment of construction elevation control network: The elevation control network can be divided into the first-level network and the encryption network. The corresponding leveling points are called basic leveling points and construction leveling points respectively. 1 Basic leveling point. The general building site is buried 3 and pressed.

The third and fourth level measurement requirements should be laid out as a closed leveling route, and its location should be located in a place that is not affected by the construction. 2 Construction leveling points. Close to the building, it can be used to directly measure the elevation of the building. It is usually located on the stake point of the building grid.

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The content of pro-building construction survey includes the following: 1. The establishment of the construction site survey control network. 2. Land leveling and earthwork calculation of the site.

3. Positioning of buildings and structures. From site leveling, building (structure) positioning, foundation construction, to wall construction, building (structure) component installation and other processes, construction measurement is required to make the size and position of each part of the building (structure) meet the design requirements. Its main contents are:

1. Establish a construction control network. 2. Carry out lofting of buildings (structures) according to the requirements of the design drawings. 3. After the completion of each construction process, check whether the actual plane position and elevation of each part meet the design requirements through measurement.

4. With the progress of construction, the deformation observation of some large, high-rise or special buildings (structures) is used as the basis for identifying the quality of the project and verifying whether the engineering design and construction are reasonable. "Measurement" is the use of data to describe observed phenomena according to certain laws, that is, to make quantitative descriptions of things. Measurement is the process of quantifying non-quantified physical objects.

In mechanical engineering, measurement refers to the process of experimental understanding in which the measured quantity is numerically compared with a standard quantity with a unit of measurement to determine the ratio of the two. Hope mine can help you <>

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First, the procedure is "from the whole to the part".

Second, the step is "control first and then crush".

Third, the accuracy is "from high to low".

Building construction surveying is the science of measuring and measuring the position of the ground on the building site using various measuring instruments and tools

1. Map the surface shape and size of the construction site into a topographic map according to a certain proportion.

2. The engineering buildings that have been designed on the drawings are measured and set on the ground according to the design requirements, and are represented on the site with various signs.

3. According to the designed roof elevation, layer by layer.

Because the building type is different, its lofting method and precision requirements are also different, but its basic content is the same, and civil building construction measurement mainly comprises: the positioning pay-off of building; foundation engineering construction survey; Wall construction axis projection; Elevation transfer.

The basic principles are: first, "from the whole to the part" in the procedure; Second, the step is "control first and then crush". Third, the accuracy is "from high to low".

Building construction surveying includes: construction and excavation of construction control network, identification and lofting of buildings, as-built surveying and deformation observation during construction.

Construction surveying refers to the measurement work carried out in the construction stage of the project, which is an important part of engineering surveying.

The purpose of construction surveying is to calibrate the plane position, shape and elevation of the building designed on the drawings on the ground of the construction site, and guide the construction during the construction process, so that the project can be constructed in strict accordance with the requirements of the design.

Construction surveying refers to the measurement work carried out in the construction stage of various projects. Its main task is to design the plane position and elevation of the building on the drawings in the construction stage, according to the design and construction requirements, with a certain accuracy to measure (lofting) to the construction surface, as the basis for construction, and carry out a series of measurement and control work in the construction process to guide and ensure that the construction is carried out according to the design requirements.

Construction surveying is directly for the construction of the project, the first celebration of it is not only the construction of the pilot, but also throughout the entire construction process. From site leveling, building (structure) positioning, foundation construction, to wall construction, building (structure) component installation and other processes, construction measurement is required to make the size and location of each part of the building (structure) meet the design requirements. Its main contents are:

Summary. The main tasks of construction engineering surveying are large-scale topographic maps, construction surveys of buildings, and deformation observations of buildings. The content of construction engineering surveying generally includes site leveling surveying, construction surveying, circular building construction surveying and private building construction surveying.

The main tasks of the construction and construction engineering survey are to survey and map large-scale topographic maps, construction surveys of buildings, and deformation observation of buildings. The content of construction engineering surveying generally includes site leveling survey, construction engineering mold construction survey, construction survey of Yuandan excavated buildings and private building construction survey.

The preparation of construction survey should include: construction drawing review, handover and testing of measurement and positioning basis points, preparation of measurement plan and data preparation, inspection and correction of measurement instruments and tools, construction site measurement, etc. 1. Before the construction of the width measurement, the relevant construction data should be collected and analyzed according to the requirements of the engineering task, which should include the following:

1) Urban planning, surveying and mapping results; (2) Engineering survey report; (3) Construction design drawings and related change documents; (4) Construction organization design or construction plan; (5) Surveying and mapping results such as underground pipelines and buildings (structures) in the construction site. Second, the preparation of the construction survey plan and the preparation of the survey data 1, the construction survey plan is the technical basis for guiding the construction survey, and the preparation of the plan should include the following: (1) the general situation of the project; (2) task requirements; (3) Technical basis, measurement methods and technical requirements for construction surveying; (4) the detection of the starting basis point (4) the detection of the starting basis point;