What is the main basis for plate tectonics?

It's based on the frequency of occurrence.

**The multi-hair belt is the junction of the plate, and the inside of the plate is more stable.

Plate tectonics, also known as global tectonics. Plates refer to lithospheric plates, including the entire crust and the top of the upper mantle below the Moho surface, i.e., the top of the mantle above the crust and asthenosphere. The new global tectonic theory holds that large-scale horizontal movements have occurred and continue to occur in both continental and oceanic crusts.

However, this horizontal movement does not occur between the silicon-aluminum and silicon-magnesium layers, as the continental drift theory envisages, but rather the lithospheric plates move like a conveyor belt along the entire mantle asthenosphere, and the continents are only on the conveyor belt"passengers"。

The theory of plate tectonics holds that the tectonic units of the lithosphere are plates, and the boundaries of plates are mid-ocean ridges, conversion faults, subduction zones, and ground sutures. Due to convection in the mantle, the plates separate and expand at the mid-ocean ridge, and thrust down and disappear at the subduction zone and the ground suture line.

The world is divided into six major plates: the Eurasian plate, the Pacific plate, the American plate, the African plate, the Indian Ocean plate and the Antarctic plate. There are also some small plates, such as the cocoa plate, the Chilean plate, etc. Plate tectonics theory emphasizes the large-scale horizontal movement of plates, which can arise, grow, and die, and that this change can be quantified.

Generally speaking, in the interior of the plate, the earth's crust is relatively stable, and the junction of the plate and the plate is the zone where the crust is more active, where volcanoes, ** activities, faults, extrusion folds, magma rise, crustal subduction and so on occur frequently.

Characteristics of the theory of "plate tectonics":The earth is divided into a large plate, and then subdivided into small plates in each plate, and the mechanical theory and motion mode of the plate are mainly drifting and colliding based on horizontal motion, and then producing upward and downward motion.

The mode of action of compressive stress is mainly the interaction of main compressive stress, assertion stress and torsional stress. The stress is uneven with the rate of rotation of the Earth.

Introduction to the theory

Plate tectonics theory has completely shaken the traditional geological theory through decades of rapid development.

The initial simple but strict assumptions of plate tectonics theory were that both the rigid and elastic lithosphere were plauscosphere, that the lithosphere was divided into a small number of large plates, that there were three interactions between these plates in strict accordance with Euler's theorem, that plate subduction and expansion compensated for each other in perfect harmony so that the volume of the earth remained constant, and that the direct condition for plate movement was convection in the asthenosphere.

With the development and improvement of theories, these assumptions have undergone a certain degree of revision and expansion, and this evolution history is the condensation of the development of the geoscience community over the years. At the same time, plate tectonics itself has many shortcomings and characteristics that are difficult to verify.

The contents of the theory of plate tectonics are as follows:

It is believed that the Earth's lithosphere is not a monolithic piece, but is divided into many tectonic units, which are called plates. The global lithosphere can be divided into the Eurasian plate, the African plate, the American plate, the Pacific plate, the Indian Ocean plate and the Antarctic plate. These plates float above the "asthenosphere" and are in constant motion.

Generally speaking, the crust inside the plate is relatively stable, and the junction between the plates is the zone where the earth's crust is more active, and the crust is unstable. The basic appearance of the earth's surface is formed by the collision and opening of the plates due to the relative movement of the plates. In areas where the plates are fractured, rift valleys and oceans are often formed, such as the Great Rift Valley and the Atlantic Ocean.

In areas where tectonic plates collide and squeeze, mountains often form. When oceanic plates collide with continental plates, oceanic plates, due to their high density and low location, subduct below the continental plates, where ocean trenches often form and become the deepest places in the ocean. Where two continental plates collide, huge mountain ranges often form.

The Himalayas were created by the Indian plate during the collision of the Eurasian plate.

Application of the theory of plate tectonics:

The theory of plate tectonics has successfully explained many geographical phenomena, such as the formation and distribution of volcanoes, **, and the generation and distribution of minerals.

The above is the basic content of the theory of plate tectonics. Since the Earth's surface area is finite, the Earth's plates are classified into three states: one is the converging plate boundaries that are close to each other; the second is the detached plate boundaries that are far away from each other; The third is the intertwined transition plate boundaries.

The plates themselves do not deform, and the earth's surface activities occur intensively in these three states.