Briefly describe the classification method of stems? What are the types of stems?

There are generally 4 main types of stems.

The first type is the erect stem, which is the stem that grows upright and upward.

The second is to wrap the stem, that is, the stem cannot stand upright when it is young, and must be wrapped around the support to grow.

The third type is the climbing stem, which is too young to stand upright and rises with a unique structure, climbing support.

The fourth type is the stolon, which is slender and delicate and spreads to the ground.

There is more than one solution to this problem, and I think the solution I am thinking about will not solve your problem accurately, and the detailed answer needs to be thought of by yourself.

The types of stems are erect stems, winding stems, climbing stems, lying stems, and stolons.

1. Erect stems:

A stem that grows vertically and upright on the ground is called an erect stem. The stems of most plants are erect stems, which can be either grassy or woody, such as sunflower is a grassy erect stem, while elm is a woody erect stem.

2. Winding stems:

This stem is slender and soft, cannot stand upright, and must rely on other objects to grow upward, but it does not have a special climbing structure, but wraps itself around other objects, such as honeysuckle.

Morning glory. <>

3. Climbing stems:

The stems are slender and soft, unable to stand upright, and can only grow by relying on other objects as pillars and climbing on them with a unique structure. According to the different climbing structures, it can be divided into tendrils climbing, such as loofahs and grapes; Take root with air.

Climbing, like ivy.

There are also suction cups to climb, such as creepers.

4. Flat stem:

The stems are usually grassy and slender, branching at the base near the surface, lying flat on the ground and spreading and growing around, but the internodes are not very developed, and the nodes usually do not grow adventitious roots, so the distance of plant propagation is not large, such as the ground brocade.

Tribulus terrestris, etc. <>

5. Stoles:

The stem is slender and weak, lying flat on the ground, spreading and growing, generally the internode is long, and adventitious roots can be born on the node, this kind of stem is called stolon, such as snakeberry.

Stems of plants such as sweet potatoes.

According to the growth mode of the stem, there are seven types: erect stem, winding stem, climbing stem, reclining stem, oblique ascending stem, lying stem and stolon.

1.An erect stem, one in which the stem grows upright on the ground vertically is called an erect stem. The stems of most plants are erect stems, and in plants with erect stems, they can be either grassy stems or essential stems, such as sunflower is a grassy erect stem, while elm is a woody erect stem.

2.Winding stemThis stem is slender and soft, cannot stand upright, and must rely on other objects to grow upward, but it does not have a special climbing structure, while the dry acre is wrapped around other things by the stem itself. The direction of the winding of the stems is fixed in every plant, and some are rotated to the left (i.e., counterclockwise) such as morning glory and dogwood; Some rotate to the right (i.e., clockwise) like honeysuckle; There are also some plants that can be wound in left or right directions, how to shou wu.

3.The climbing stem is a slender and soft stem that cannot stand upright, and can only grow by relying on other objects as pillars and climbing on top of it with a unique structure. According to the different climbing structures, it can be divided into tendrils to climb, such as loofahs and grapes; those who climb with aerial roots, such as ivy; those who climb with the curl of the petioles, such as clematis; He who climbs with hooks and thorns is like a pig; There are also several cases of climbing with suction cups, such as creepers.

4.The texture and thickness of the oblique stem are different, it can be herbaceous, it can also be woody, when the plant is young, the stem is not completely erect, and it is oblique and upward, but it never lies on the ground, and the upper part of the stem gradually becomes erect with the growth of the plant, so the lower part of the plant is arc-shaped after growth, and the upper part is erect, such as the sorrel of herbaceous plants, and the mountain jute of woody plants.

5.The leaning stem is usually grassy, the base is reclining against the ground, but not completely lying down, the upper part has a tendency to grow upward, but never upright, and the whole plant shows a state of growing near the ground and expanding to all sides. This type of plant, in the case of dense growth, can develop into an oblique ascending stem state.

When the plant grows sparsely, the plant reclines on the surface. Such as flattening, purslane, etc.

6.The horizontal stem is usually grassy and slender, branched at the base near the surface, and spreads and grows around the lying ground, but the internodes are not very developed, and the nodes usually do not grow adventitious roots, so the distance of plant spread is not large, such as ground brocade, tribulus terrestris, etc.

7.The stolons are slender and weak, lying on the ground, spreading and growing, generally with long internodes, and adventitious roots can be born on the nodes, this kind of stem is called stolon, such as snakeberry, sweet potato, dogtooth root, etc. There are a few plants that have both erect stems and stolons on the same plant, such as saxifrage, scissor strands.

In this plant, the main stem is usually an upright stem that grows upward, and the lateral branches that develop from the side buds on the main stem develop into stolons. The stems of some plants are between lying and erect, the plants are short and erect, and the plants are tall and cannot stand upright, so they rise obliquely or even lie down, such as sorrel.

The stems of the plant are divided into above-ground stems and underground stems.

Aboveground stems are further divided into: leafy stems, tendrils stems, fleshy stems, and stem spines.

Underground stems are further divided into: rhizomes, tubers, bulbs, and bulbs.

Leaf-like stems include: cactus, false leaf tree, etc.

The tendril stems are: pumpkin, cucumber, grape, etc.

Succulent stems are: succulent, etc.

Stem thorns are: hawthorn, soaphorn, etc.

Tubers are: potatoes, etc.

The rhizomes are: lotus root, ginger, etc.

Bulbs are: water chestnut, mushroom, etc.

Bulbs are: onions, garlic, etc.

The role of plant rhizomes.

Conduction: Water and inorganic salts absorbed by the root hairs are transported along the stem mainly from the bottom up but in plants with weeping branches.

Supporting effect: The stem relies on the well-developed mechanical organization inside to withstand the full weight and pressure of branches, leaves, flowers and fruits.

Storage: Starch, sugar, fat, and protein can be stored in the stem for plant utilization.

Reproduction: The use of stems and techniques for cuttings, strip nucleus clearing, grafting, and the use of underground stems for propagation has been an important measure in afforestation and crop cultivation.