Why is it better to plough in autumn than to plough in the northern part of our country?

Tillage is a comprehensive operation of the soil, which is carried out in a timely manner during the soil cultivation period after the crop is harvested and before the next crop is planted. In the area of one cropping or two crops a year, after the harvest of summer and autumn crops, the main time for autumn tillage is after the harvest of autumn crops and before the autumn sowing crops. For paddy fields, low-lying land, and autumn harvest land that is too late or cannot be ploughed in time due to too much water, spring ploughing is carried out.

Therefore, there are three types: volcanic ploughing, autumn ploughing and spring ploughing.

The northern region of our country.

Compared with spring tillage, autumn tillage and autumn tillage can better accept and store autumn rainfall, reduce surface runoff, and have a significant effect on moisture storage and drought control. Compared with spring tillage, voltile tillage and autumn tillage can have sufficient time to mature the tillage layer, improve the physical properties of the soil, control weeds in the field more effectively, and induce some weed seeds in the soil. Saline-alkali land.

Aerial tillage can use rainwater to wash salt, inhibit the rise of salt, and accelerate the effect of salt washing. In addition, voltile tillage and autumn ploughing can give full play to the efficiency of agricultural machinery, and there is ample time for pre-sowing preparation, which has won the initiative in production. The effect of spring ploughing is not as good as that of ambush tillage and autumn ploughing, but also because the temperature in the northern region rises rapidly in spring, the spring breeze is larger, and the ploughing in spring is very easy to cause a large amount of soil moisture evaporation, which aggravates the loss of soil moisture and seriously affects the whole seedling.

If spring ploughing is necessary, in order to reduce moisture, attention should be paid to the early stage. Usually the depth of spring ploughing should be shallow, not more than 16-18 cm.

In short, in terms of climatic conditions and production conditions in the northern region, ambush tillage is better than autumn ploughing, early autumn tillage is better than late autumn ploughing, and autumn tillage is better than spring ploughing.

So much nonsense, the last sentence is the truth.

Most of the corn planted in Northeast China is sown in spring, so the maturity period of corn in Northeast China is mostly in mid to late September, and the Heilongjiang region in the far north may mature in early October. Of course, the specific harvest time should still be judged according to the rapid interbranch growth of corn, too early or too late harvest will affect the yield of corn.

Before corn harvest, we must pay attention to post-management work such as flood prevention and lodging prevention, so as to ensure the yield of corn in autumn harvest. Under normal circumstances, it is advisable to harvest corn by about 10 days after the growth period is extended. A large number of practices have proved that a proper late harvest of maize can increase yield.

Field management techniques of maize seedling stage in Northeast China.

1. Timely and appropriate topdressing to adjust the growth of plants.

For plots without fertilizer application during sowing, about 15 kg of urea can be applied in combination with cultivated mu to promote growth and development. For plots that have been fertilized or seedlings are not in good condition, when the weather conditions are suitable, appropriate partial fertilizer should be applied to small seedlings and weak seedlings to promote growth and development. For maize plots with lagging sowing date or late emergence, the fertilization principle of "promoting before and controlling after" should be adopted, and early topdressing or foliar spraying of growth regulators and foliar fertilizers should be adopted.

2. Prevent and control diseases, insects and weeds, and optimize the growth environment.

Combined with cultivating for weed control, do a good job of post-emergence weeding. For plots without chemical weeding before seedlings, herbicides can be sprayed at the 2-5 leaf stage of Yufeng Changwu rice in combination with weather conditions. During the operation, strictly grasp the dosage standard operation, and avoid unfavorable conditions such as high temperature and strong wind.

Strengthen the monitoring and early warning of pests and diseases, especially for the overwintering generation of grassland borer, a generation of corn borer, underground pests, soil-borne diseases and silver liquid, etc., according to local conditions, take unified prevention and control and efficient, safe and environmentally friendly comprehensive prevention and control measures.

Autumn tillage refers to the soil tillage after the harvest of the autumn harvest crops. Generally, it is 18-25 cm deep to improve the physicochemical and biological conditions of the cultivated layer, retain rainwater, improve fertility, remove weeds and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.

Winter ploughing, in order to protect moisture, slip and remove insects, cultivate soil strength, and turn over the loose soil and return to the wax land in winter.