What is the general property of alkanes?? What is the general formula of olefins?

Physical Properties: Alkanes.

The physical properties of the molecule change regularly with the increase of molecular carbon atoms. At room temperature, the state changes from gaseous to liquid solid. And both gaseous and liquid states are colorless.

Alkanes with a carbon atomic number of 4 are gases at room temperature and pressure. (including neo-oxane) melting and boiling point gradually increases. Note:

The relative density of n-pentane boiling point, isopentane, and neopentane gradually increased. But all are less than the density of water (1g cm3)! Alkanes are insoluble in water and easily soluble in organic solvents.

Chemical properties with methane.

Similar. Stable (not with potassium permanganate.)

strong acid, strong base reaction) oxidation reaction.

CO2 and H2O are completely combusted. In the same case, as the number of carbon atoms increases, it is often the combustion that becomes less and less sufficient, making the combustion flame bright and even accompanied by black smoke. Substitution reaction:

It undergoes substitution reaction with halogen elemental gases such as Cl2 and Br2 under light to form halogenated hydrocarbons and H2 gases. Decomposition reaction: There is only one type of monohalogenate in alkanes with a carbon atom number of less than 10

Methane ethane.

2,2-Dimethylpropane 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane That's all.

General properties of alkanes: Physical properties: The melting point and boiling point both increase with the increase of the number of carbon atoms; The state that exists at room temperature is from gaseous state through liquid state to causal state; In the liquid state, the density also increases with the increase of the number of carbon atoms.

Chemical properties: The chemical properties of alkanes are similar to those of CH4. Generally, it is relatively stable, and under normal circumstances, it does not react with oxidants such as acid, alkali and acidic potassium permanganate, nor does it combine with other substances.

However, the following reactions can also occur under certain conditions: substitution reaction; oxidation reaction (combustion); Decomposition reaction (cleavage reaction). Variation of carbon content in hydrocarbon molecules (5) The general formula of alkane combustion is:

cnh2n+2+ o2 nco2+(n+1)h2o

The general formula is CNH2N. Basic Introduction Section 1 Structure of Olefins Ethylene is the simplest olefin with the molecular formula C2H4 and the structural formula H2C=CH2 containing a double bond. c=c, which is made up of a key and a key.

Olefins are hydrocarbons that contain c=c bonds (carbon-carbon double bonds) (alkene bonds). It is an unsaturated hydrocarbon, which is divided into chain olefins and cyclic olefins. According to the number of double bonds, they are called monoolefins, diolefins, etc.

One of the double bonds is a high-energy bond, which is unstable and easy to break, so an addition reaction occurs.

Rules. According to the IUPAC naming convention, in order to name the olefin backbone. Replace the infix ane- with ene-.

For example, CH3-CH3 is Ethane. Therefore ch2=ch2 is named ethene. Chinese naming is to directly change "alkane" to "ene", for example ch3-ch3 is ethane, so ch2=ch2 is ethylene.

In higher olefins, isomers occur due to different double bond positions, and we use the following digital system:

Name the longest carbon chain containing a double bond as the main chain so that the number of carbon atoms with a double bond is as small as possible.

Indicate the position of the double bond with the first double bond carbon atom.

Substituted alkenes or branched chains are named as alkanes.

The first is to label the carbon atoms, indicating the names of the substituents, double bonds, and backbones in order.

The general formula of olefin is CNH2N(N2), the molecular structure formula of chain monoolefin is CNH2N, and the vapor at room temperature C2-C4 is non-polar molecule, insoluble or slightly soluble water.

Olefin, also known as polypropylene or polyethylene, is a long-chain polymer synthetic fiber. It is formed by the polymerization of ethylene and propylene gas under specific conditions. Olefins were first produced in the 50s of the last century and have a wide range of applications in industry, household products and clothing industries.

The use of olefins has grown steadily since the 60s, and with some new uses being discovered every year, it is a simple-to-use, long-lasting material.

Nature:

When the alkenes are different olefins (the two carbons of the hydrocarbon group are replaced by different ones), the proton key of the acid is added to the carbon with more peroxides, and the negative positive ions are added to the oxygen atoms with less peroxides, which is called the Markovnikov work experience standard, also known as the different alkene blessing regularity.

In the olefin molecule, the number of hydrogen atoms bound by the carbon atom is less than the number of hydrogen atoms in the saturated chain hydrocarbon, and one of the bonds in the c=c double bond in the olefin molecule is easy to break, and the carbon atom in the c=c double bond can also combine other atoms or atomic clusters, so the c=c double bond is the functional group of the alkene.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - olefins.

The general formula of an olefin is CNH2N.

Olefins are chain hydrocarbons containing a carbon-carbon double bond, with two fewer hydrogen atoms in the molecule than saturated alkanes, and the general formula is CNH2N, which belongs to unsaturated hydrocarbons. Depending on the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule, olefins are divided into monoolefins, diolefins, etc.

Common olefins are ethylene (C2H4) and propylene (C3H6), both of which contain carbon-carbon double bonds (—C==C—) and are prone to addition reactions.

Chemical properties of olefins.

Olefins, like alkanes, can be burned in the air to form CO2 and H2O. If the oxidation conditions are controlled, olefins are more prone to partial oxidation than alkanes, and the reaction results often cause the double bond to break to produce carboxylic acids with small relative molecular weight, so olefins can fade potassium permanganate (oxidant) solvents.

Olefin oxides are also diverse, for example, ethylene can also be oxidized by air (or oxygen) to form acetaldehyde or ethylene oxide under certain conditions.

Olefins can be added to hydrogen in either the liquid or gas phase, but with the help of a catalyst, so this reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - olefins.

The molecular formula of alkanes is CNH2N+2 i.e. the number of carbon atoms is twice the number of hydrogen atoms plus 2.

The physical properties of alkanes change regularly with the increase of the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.

Alkanes containing 1 4 carbon atoms are gases. It is called methane, ethane, propane, butane.

Alkanes containing 5 16 carbon atoms are liquids. But in fact alkanes containing 10 to 19 carbon atoms can be solid at normal temperatures. It is called pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, undecane, dodecane, decadecane, tetradecane, pentadecane, hexadecane.

N-alkanes containing more than 18 carbon atoms are solid, but the melting point does not exceed 100 until the n-alkanes containing 60 carbon atoms (melting point 99).

Since alkanes only contain carbon-carbon single bonds and carbon-hydrogen single bonds, the strength of these two bonds is very large, and the electronegativity difference between carbon and hydrogen is very small, so the polarity of hydrocarbon single bonds is very small, and it belongs to weak polar bonds, so compared to other organic substances, alkanes are quite stable, and in general, alkanes do not react with most substances such as strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidants, etc. However, under certain conditions, such as at high temperatures or in the presence of catalysts, alkanes can also interact with some substances.

I hope I can help you with your doubts.

The general molecular formula of alkanes is CNH2N+2.

The general formula of chain alkanes is CNH(2N+2)(N 1) and the general formula of naphthenes is CNH2N(N 1). Alkanes are divided into chain hydrocarbons and naphthenes, and the properties of naphthenes are very similar to those of saturated chain hydrocarbons. Among naphthenic hydrocarbons, cyclohexane, which is widely used in industry, is a colorless liquid, volatile and flammable.

The general formula of chain alkanes is CNH(2N+2)(N 1), naphthenes. The general formula is CNH2N(N 1). Alkanes are divided into chain hydrocarbons and naphthenes, and the properties of naphthenes are very similar to those of saturated chain hydrocarbons.

Among naphthenic hydrocarbons, cyclohexane, which is widely used in industry, is a colorless liquid, volatile and flammable.

The general formula of chain alkanes is CNH(2N+2)(N 1). The general formula of naphthenes is CNH2N(N1). Alkanes are divided into chain hydrocarbons and naphthenic hydrocarbons, and the properties of naphthenic hydrocarbons are very similar to those of saturated pure stable chain hydrocarbons.

It is a colorless liquid, volatile and flammable.

cnh2n+2+(3n+1)/2o2

co2(n+1)h2

o The general formula of chain alkanes is.

cnh（2n+2）(n≥1)

The general formula of naphthenic hydrocarbons is CNH2

n(n≥1)

Alkane CNH2

n+2(n>=1)

Olefin CNH2

n(n>=2)

Alkyne CNH2

n-2(n>=2)