Why can superstring theory explain all the elementary particles of matter in nature compared to the

<> some people may not know what the four basic forces are, so let's summarize them briefly.

Force: Also known as strong nuclear force, it is a force that binds protons and neutrons together in atoms. If there is no strong force, even particles will not appear.

Weak force: In simple terms, it is the decay of the atomic nucleus, which is also the so-called radioactive phenomenon. It acts on all particles of matter, but not on particles that carry force.

Electromagnetic force: It is also a general term for electric charge and electric current in a magnetic field. The lightning and thunder on a thunderstorm, and the static electricity caused by taking off the sweater are all electromagnetic forces.

Gravitational attraction: It is a special kind of gravitational attraction in all matter (from atoms to sun), but it is related to the mass and distance of the object. There is no way to explain why gravity occurs, and repulsion can occur when objects are too close together.

Some people say that because the effect of gravity is too small, and the other three fundamental forces are greater than gravity, the effect of gravity is negligible under the Standard Model. It is also said that gravity is special, and in general relativity, gravity is always described as large, such as the relationship between the sun and the earth. The Standard Model, on the other hand, is based on quantum field theory and describes smaller scenarios, such as the relationship between molecules and atoms, which are too difficult to unify.

Superstring theory is quite different, it is a completely unique system from other theories, in which all the properties of the microcosm have the right to be explained. Let's first take a look at what the superstring theory is, the strings in it are like the strings of a guitar, each of which has an infinite number of vibration patterns, but the guitar plays a pleasant **. Superstring theory strings also have this vibration pattern, but it is not as pleasant as **, a string produces different mass and force load in different vibration modes.

According to superstring theory, the most basic particles that make up the world are determined by the vibrational patterns produced by the strings inside it.

Using the guitar as an example, when you pluck the strings hard, you will notice that the vibrations are very intense, and when you gently slide over the strings, the vibrations become softer. The same goes for energy, the theory of relativity tells us that large energy represents large mass, and large mass is, of course, large energy (except for black holes, etc.). Therefore, according to the superstring theory, the mass of the elementary particle determines the energy of the vibrational mode with the string, and the particle mass is larger when the string fluctuates violently, while the particle with less vibration vibrates less.

This is actually quite abstract, because the strength of the charge carried by a string should also depend on how it vibrates, and is entirely true for the more associated particles themselves. Such as photons, gluons, etc., they are still the vibration mode of strings, and they are also completely in accordance with the rules of superstring theory. The most important point is that gravitons also conform to this property, which also ensures that gravity is an integral part of superstring theory.

Some people may not know what these four basic powers are, so I can briefly summarize them.

Strong force: Also known as the strong nuclear force, it is the force that can bind protons and neutrons together in atoms. If there is no strong force, there will not even be particles.

Because this theory is based on the original theory, many people support it, and the scope of its explanation has become broader.

Don't blow the superstrings, that's just a guess.

Because this theory starts from vibration, and all the wave particles will not go beyond this range, but vibration can explain this theory, but this theory cannot explain vibration, it belongs to the immature stage. For example, we people, that is, we say that we have evolved, and find a bunch of evidence to explain it, but who knows what it is? As long as we find the real phenomenon and deduce the phenomenon, we can't say that he is wrong, because there is no better support, and it is not necessarily wrong to say that he is right for the time being.

But the real cause needs to be verified slowly, after all, it is not easy to find the real phenomenon. This theory should have been based on a preliminary explanation of the wave-particle phenomenon at the earliest. Again, the same sentence:

Standing on the highest point, no one says you're wrong, because no one else can show evidence to deny you. It's like saying that the earth is flat, why does it look round? Because the space is distorted.

He can't be wrong if he agrees with space, and who understands space? You can't deny him, otherwise you are denying the existence of space and yourself, not to mention the attributes of space, who understands? Behold?

The simplest analogy is to know the number 9, some people say 1+8, some people say 2+7, some people say 3+6, some people say 4+5. What do you say? Only when you understand the rules and theories will you be unified, what do you think?

Pressing the horns on the head will make it feel redundant.

Countless great scientists have created models, due to the limitations of the level of science and technology and cognitive level, can not be explored can only create a model, people who understand this aspect only need to look at this model, can clearly understand that our current level of science and technology is not as high as we imagined, we only see a corner of our understanding of the world, even if this corner is really correct, we can not be completely sure,

String theory, or string theory, is a theory in theoretical physics. One of the basic ideas of string theory is that the basic units of nature are not particles such as electrons, photons, neutrinos, and quarks. These particle-looking things are actually closed circles of tiny, tiny strings (called closed strings or closed strings), and the different vibrations and movements of the closed strings produce a variety of different elementary particles.

Although the scale of strings in string theory is very small, the basic principles that manipulate their properties predict the existence of several large-scale film-like objects, the latter being shortened"membranes".Intuitively speaking, the cosmic space we live in may be a three-dimensional membrane in the nine-dimensional space. String theory is now the most promising theory that unifies the elementary particles and the four interacting forces in nature.

Theory M is a theory proposed for the "ultimate theory of physics", hoping to explain the nature and interaction of all matter and energy through a single theory. It combines all superstring theories (five in total) and the eleven-dimensional theory of supergravity. In order to fully understand it, Dr. Edward Witten believed that new mathematical tools needed to be invented.

From 1984 to 1985, the first revolution occurred in string theory, the core of which was the discovery of a unified theory of "abnormal freedom"; From 1994 to 1995, there was a second revolution in string theory that was both extroverted and inward, and string theory evolved into m-theory. Edward Witten, the leader of the Second String Revolution, was named the sixth most influential figure after World War II by the American magazine Life.

11 dimensions means that it takes 11 coordinate rulers to measure the position of an object, 3 in space, 1 in time, and 6 in string theory, and they are curled to a very small scale, which we cannot see. M theory adds another dimension, 11 in total.

Elementary particles, i.e., the smallest volume of matter without changing the properties of matter. It is the basis on which all kinds of objects are composed. It doesn't mean it's not a substance because it's small.

Scientists now use particle accelerators to speed up some particles, sometimes using particle collisions, to study elementary particles. It is divided into fermions and bosons. The difference is spin.