The evolution of the Ida system reflects how the social system of our country has changed

Feudal dependency arose. The "clans", "hermits", "binmeng" and "private disciples" recorded in the Spring and Autumn Period all refer to these escaped slaves. Although they are not yet free, they are different from the common people.

They can own a small amount of means of production and independently run agriculture and agriculture-related household side businesses. They were already the forerunners of the feudal peasantry. The flight of slaves made the public land of some countries "only arrogant".

"Beauty" became a wasteland. The Ida system can no longer be maintained.

The well field system is a kind of field division method implemented by the ancient social state in China, and he divides the field into a tic-tac-toe shape, and the production is contracted to each household to each family, which is equivalent to our current subcontracting, so the enthusiasm of the peasants has been greatly improved.

In the third dynasty of the Xia and Shang dynasties, although there was no well field system, there were public fields and private fields, generally speaking, public fields were state-owned land, and private fields were reserved for individuals. Shang Ying changed the law to open up the territory and began to privatize land.

What kind of changes have taken place in Japan's social system? It's definitely a different kind of change like this.

The collapse of the Ida system is a change in the economic base, and its root cause lies in the development of productive forces.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, the use of iron tools and oxen for ploughing led to the emergence of many private land owners who controlled the products of private fields and did not pay taxes to the state, and various countries carried out tax reforms one after another, recognizing the private ownership of land, leading to the collapse of the well field system.

The king of Zhou gave the land use right layer by layer to the princes, and then the princes divided the skin layer by layer, everyone only has no ownership of the right to use the land, and the land can not be bought and sold and transferred, and the princes have to pay tribute to the king of Zhou.

It will divide the use of land, stipulate the system of land use, carry out effective management, give policies on the degree of control, and stipulate the right to use land. The source is closed and cracked.

The main content of the system is the state ownership of land, and the land is rewarded by the rulers layer by layer, and these people only have the right to use the land, which does not belong to them.

The well field system stipulates that the land is state-owned, and the land is rewarded by the Zhou king, but the owner only has the right to use the land, not ownership.

a.The Ida system is named because the cultivated land is divided into square fields of equal size, which are shaped like the character "well".

b.At that time, the "well" also became a basic unit for the establishment of households, "nine households for wells, four wells for the eup".

c.The basic feature of the well field system is that the same amount of land or the same conditions are allocated to individual farmers for cultivation.

d.Under the well field system, land is regularly redistributed or adjusted, and can be bought and sold.

Resolution

In the first step, this question tests the knowledge of Chinese history and selects the wrong items.

The second step, the well field system is the land state-owned system in China's ancient society, which was recorded in writing during the Shang period and prevailed in the Western Zhou Dynasty. At that time, roads and channels crisscrossed the land, dividing the land into squares, shaped like the character "well", so it was called "well field". The basic features of the Ida system include:

The well field system is named because the cultivated land is divided into square fields of equal area by the ditch, and the shape is similar to the word "well"; At that time, the "well" also became a basic unit for the establishment of households, "nine households for wells, four wells for the eup".The basic feature of the well field system is that the land with the same amount or conditions is allocated to individual farmers for cultivation, and the land is regularly redistributed or the shed type is adjusted, and it cannot be guessed in the buying and selling chain.

So, choose option D.

Test Centers

Humanities and technology. Humanistic History.

Chinese History.

Answer]: In the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty, due to the development of social productive forces, there has been an arbitrary transfer of land among the aristocracy, which has made the state ownership of land and the legal constraints of "no shortage in the fields" begin to be broken through, which undoubtedly changed the Jingtian system since the Xia and Shang periods, reflecting the beginning of the germination of private ownership of land, and the further development of this situation in the Spring and Autumn Period.

The advent of iron tools and oxen ploughing provided favorable conditions for the vassal states to reclaim wasteland and build water conservancy, thus increasing the amount of private land. Qi State "Relative Land and Decline Levy", Jin State "Field", these are the beginning of the change of this Jihui well field system, in 594 BC Lu State's "initial tax mu", began to implement the tax per mu, in fact, it is equivalent to recognizing the legitimacy of private land. In addition, the state of Chu "wrote the earth", and Zheng Guozi produced "Qiu Fu".

These records show that the well field system has been destroyed, and feudal private ownership of land has begun to take shape.

1. The Jingtian system is a land state-owned system in ancient Chinese society, which was implemented in the Shang Dynasty and has developed very maturely by the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the Spring and Autumn period, the Ida system gradually collapsed due to many reasons, such as the advent of iron farming tools and the spread of cattle farming.

2. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, roads and channels crisscrossed the land, dividing the land into squares, shaped like the word "well", so it was called "well field". The well field belonged to the king of Zhou and was allocated to the common people. The lord was not allowed to buy, sell or transfer the well field, and he had to pay a certain tribute.

The lords forced the common people to cultivate the well fields collectively, with private fields around them and public fields in the middle. And its essence is a system of private ownership of land (Xia, Shang and Western Zhou, all land belongs to the state). Due to the lack of archaeological data on the Ida system, some scholars believe that the Ida system may only be a utopian ideal system.

Due to geographical and climatic factors, such a system may never have been strictly enforced.

Dryland agriculture technology has entered a mature stage in vast areas of northern China, and large and complex agricultural tools have been invented, made public, and applied. In terms of production research and theoretical research, the famous agronomist Jia Sixian's encyclopedia of agriculture "Qi Min Yao Shu" appeared. During the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368-1840), the population was the largest, and the earth was facing tensions.

Therefore, we explored the potential of deep precision cultivation and introduced new crop varieties from the United States in the world that have had a significant impact on the plant structure of China.

Different management and multiple cultivation have become the main means of agricultural production. For example, during the Majiabang culture in the Taihu Lake area, people began to grow rice. When it developed to the lower level of Cheonhanyang, the production tools and techniques reached a considerable level.

This period is the period of the "Liangzhu Culture", and people have discovered a kind of "thousand wood meters" for the twisting of water and river mud. You can see that there was the possibility of artificial irrigation at that time. The Grand Canal was not exactly what Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty needed.

This is an important way to regulate water sources.

It is transformed, communicated, and connected on the basis of rivers and short-range canals that originate in Yangzhou and other water cities south of the Yangtze River. It not only solves the problem of farmland irrigation and flood control, but also is an important part of the water transportation economy in feudal society. In ancient times, science and technology were not well developed.

As a result, labor productivity is low. The industry is only one that mainly serves agricultural production, military equipment and handicraft industries. Military, ** and demographic development also depend on agricultural production.

In a word, in a word: first of all, we must ensure survival, and only then can we talk about development. Therefore, there is no doubt that agriculture is the foundation of the Spring and Autumn state:

The state of Qi reformed internal affairs and developed production.

Guarantee Period: The Qin Shang Dynasty rewarded those who fought for agriculture, and those who produced more grain and silk were exempt from military service; Restrictions on industrial and commercial activities, prohibition of abandonment of agricultural and commercial activities. Three.

Western Han Dynasty: Liu Bang implemented the policy of reconquest: soldiers were discharged from the army and exempted from military service for several years; Those who fled the war returned to their homes and their original farmlands and houses were restored; freed as civilians those who had sold themselves into slavery because of hunger; Reduced Tianzu tax, 15 tax, and 1 tax.

It was changed in accordance with the social system and the needs of the people, and these developments were developed according to the rule of the dynasty, and in general, the policy of equalizing fields was carried out in the early days of the establishment of the dynasty.

These land systems have been affected to varying degrees in the process of development, and in the process of development, they have been subject to the changes of many dynasties and the restrictions of many imperial courts, so there will be different replacement situations.

Clan commune land ownership system, well field system, grant land system, name field system, wang field system, tun field system, uniform field system.