Artificial intelligence general science Schr dinger cat and Wigner s friend

Published by the People's Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House, "General Knowledge of Artificial Intelligence" is oriented to the general education of artificial intelligence and the cultivation of professional and technical talents in China. The book consists of 8 chapters, divided into 3 parts, which are the basic theory of artificial intelligence, the application of artificial intelligence, and the integration and expansion of artificial intelligence, covering the current mainstream artificial intelligence technology. When introducing the basic principles of artificial intelligence, General Knowledge of Artificial Intelligence avoids the relevant complex models and algorithm designs as much as possible, so as to facilitate readers to understand the application form and future development path of artificial intelligence at the social level.

In addition, each chapter of the book is designed with questions for reflection and practice that readers can use in classroom exercises and discussions.

Schrödinger's cat is a thought experiment proposed by the famous Austrian physicist Schrödinger, which involves keeping a cat in an airtight container with small amounts of radium and cyanide. There is a chance that radium will decay, if radium decays, it will trigger a mechanism to smash the bottle containing cyanide, and the cat will die; If radium does not decay, the cat survives.

According to the theory of quantum mechanics, since radioactive radium is in a superposition of decay and non-decay, cats should be in a superposition of dead and live cats. This cat, which is both dead and alive, is the so-called "Schrödinger cat".

Wigner's Friend was a thought experiment proposed by physicist Eugene Wigner, an extended version of Schrödinger's cat. This thought experiment was first published in Wigner's article "Remarksonthemind-BodyQuestion".

Schrödinger's cat is an ideal experiment of Schrödinger's quantum theory, and the concept of Schrödinger's cat was proposed to solve the grandmother's paradox brought about by Einstein's theory of relativity, that is, the theory of parallel universes. Wigner's friend was to add a living person to Schrödinger's cat, which means that consciousness can act on the external world, and you can encyclopedia of specifics.

"Schrödinger's cat" is a thought experiment put forward by Schrödinger in order to challenge the Copenhagen theory of wave function collapse, mainly to magnify the original problem of "superposition of microscopic particles" to macroscopic organisms, and "Wigner's friend" is Wigner's addition of people in this thought experiment, because quantum mechanics emphasizes the influence of human observation behavior as a carrier of subjective consciousness on the physical state itself. Therefore, the comparison of these two thought experiments can be said to fundamentally expose the dilemma of the philosophical problem of quantum mechanics.

The Copenhagen party's explanation of these two problems is that cats do not have the so-called "observation" behavior, so it has been in two superposition states of death and life, and human "observation" behavior causes the wave function to collapse, so there is no so-called superposition of death and life, it is obvious that this explanation is very idealistic, and it brings the human orientation to physics, there are many other explanations for these two problems, multiverse theory, hidden functions, decoherence, but in the end this is a metaphysical problem, After all, the applications of quantum mechanics are still very wide.