Why is the Loess Plateau not afforested? Is it because of the soil and water?

Loess plateau. Located in the north-central part of China, it is one of the four major plateaus of China.

It is located in a temperate continental monsoon climate type.

This type is characterized by hot and rainy summers and dry and cold winters. Its annual average rainfall is 460 mm, decreasing from east to west, and can reach more than 600 mm in the east, which belongs to the semi-humid area; about 350 mm in the middle, which belongs to the semi-arid zone; The western part is less than 200 mm, which belongs to the arid zone. In this case, the Loess Plateau is also one of the most serious soil erosion and the most fragile ecological environment in the world, its topography is inclined from northwest to southeast, except for many stony mountains, most of them are covered by thick layers of loess, and after long-term strong erosion by flowing water, it gradually forms a special natural landscape with thousands of ravines and broken terrain.

The landscape is undulating, with mountains, hills, plains and wide valleys coexisting, surrounded by mountain systems. Therefore, in the face of this situation, many people have a question, why the Loess Plateau does not improve the situation through afforestation, like many places through afforestation to return to clear waters and green mountains, why the Loess Plateau is not good.

In fact, this is just the appearance, if you want to improve the situation of the Loess Plateau, you can't blindly rely on afforestation to improve, like many places afforestation is not a large-scale afforestation at the beginning, usually first carry out herbal crops to slowly improve. In addition to the water and soil reasons of the Loess Plateau, the reason for this is also the role of the climate type of the Loess Plateau. To use an appropriate analogy, the Loess Plateau is like a frail and sick old man, who wants to recover his vitality and cultivate his body and mind, and cannot use the delicacies of the mountains and seas and the great tonic herbs to make a big tonic at the beginning, and his body cannot digest it will further aggravate the condition, so he can only take it slowly step by step.

Let's first take a look at the soil composition of the Loess Plateau, as its name suggests, its composition is the very headache of loess, which is carried from the northwest desert area by the action of the wind, this soil is very different from the desert, because it is made of sedimentation, which leads to an extremely loose soil structure, more soil pores, and more rain will make the soil pores larger and larger, and eventually lead to collapse.

This is certainly not possible for trees with very high soil structure requirements, because the loess structure is loose and cannot lock in water, and a large area of afforestation will make the trees die, and if a large area of water replenishment will loosen the soil, so that the soil level will be refreshed, so that the trees will lose their roots and collapse, and even if they do not collapse, the trees will absorb a lot of water and nutrients, so that they will be with herbaceous plants.

Grab nutrition, and in the end, neither can survive, which makes the situation even more serious. Therefore, the first step of afforestation is not suitable for the Loess Plateau at all. In the face of this situation, the first step should be to let the soil lock in water, carry out turf mulching, retain water and change the soil structure, and then slowly carry out the combination of trees and herbs in the case of success, and finally afforestation, only in this way can we get twice the result with half the effort, and the Loess Plateau has also achieved more significant results under such management steps.

We know that there are many topography in China, which are caused by the natural topography of the earth, and some of them include plateaus, mountains, hills, basins and plains, which are important components. So when it comes to the plateau, we will definitely think of China's Loess Plateau, because here a large number of people live here every year, and it is still the ancient capital of several dynasties, and Xi'an is also here. Why don't you plant trees on the Loess Plateau?

Is it because of water and soil? The answer is indeed true, and the main reasons for this are as follows. <>

First, the number of people living on the Loess Plateau is also relatively large. First of all, the first point is that the population living in this part of the Loess Plateau in China is about 10% of the total Chinese population, and may even be higher. The Loess Plateau occupies several provinces, including Shaanxi, Ningxia, Shanxi and other provinces, which are also important provinces in China.

If a large area is planted here, the area under cultivation will be greatly reduced, and the amount of arable land will be reduced to feed such a large number of people, which will undoubtedly put more pressure on the local government. <>

Second, the soil is loose. Secondly, another reason is that the soil is relatively loose, and if you want to make a large area of forestry in this area, it is not easy for plants to live here. After all, in July and August, a lot of rain fell near the Loess Plateau, which led to a lot of soil loss, and the loose soil caused many trees to be carried into the river with the soil.

3. The annual decline in precipitation on the Loess Plateau is relatively concentrated. The last point is the precipitation on the Loess Plateau, the annual rainfall is relatively concentrated, and the rainfall in July and August reaches a level of about 90% of the whole year. It's still the case, how concentrated and terrible the amount of precipitation is, and it is very likely to cause mudslides, soil erosion, and so on.

The Loess Plateau cannot be afforested because of water and soil. Because the water and soil of the Loess Plateau are not suitable for the growth of plants, plants cannot absorb nutrients.

The reason why the Loess Plateau does not plant trees is because the soil here is very poor, and the water content is relatively low, the natural conditions are relatively harsh, and the vegetation has no way to survive well. So it's really because of the water and soil, but also because of the climate.

The Loess Plateau is located in a semi-arid climate zone, the weather is too dry, the soil is too loose, there will be heavy rainstorms in summer, and the water and soil are easy to lose, and the roots of plants cannot grasp the soil layer.

The majestic Loess Plateau, which stretches for thousands of miles, is a spectacular sight. For thousands of years, countless literati and scholars have chanted poems and painted here. Mr. Lu Xun once wrote in a geological article on the loss of the sedan chair: "China's Loess Plateau.

Formed in the early Quaternary period, only by Central Asia.

The desert blows sand eastward by the wind, turning the Yellow River into the Yellow River. "A generation of great men***.

once lamented: "There are so many charming rivers and mountains here". While complimenting, people also think: why not plant trees in the Loess Plateau?

The altitude of the Loess Plateau is around 1000 to 1500 meters. The plateau loess is mainly loose non-contiguous silt. The thick loess completely covers the terrain formed here in the early days.

The thickness of the soil layer is between 30 and 50 meters, and in the thickest places it even exceeds 200 meters. The loess gradually thins from north to southeast, and the particles change from coarse to fine. This loess landform can be seen in many buried areas around the world.

For example, loess is found in parts of Europe and North and South America, but its area and thickness cannot be compared to the Loess Plateau. For this reason, the surface of the Loess Plateau is mostly humus-free.

of quartz sand. If afforestation is carried out, it does not provide nutrients to the trees.

In addition, groundwater is buried deeply, making it difficult for trees to absorb water. Since then, the forest restoration of the Loess Plateau has encountered many difficulties. If we want to maintain ecological balance in the long term.

You need the support of local residents. There's still a long way to go! We have the impression that the Loess Plateau has thousands of ravines on its surface, with severe soil erosion. Lots of sandstorms.

It originates from here and hits in all directions, and the ecological environment is very bad. So, why not improve it with a variety of trees?

In fact, the landforms of the Loess Plateau have been shaped by long-term geological evolution and climatic characteristics. Improving this landscape is a long-term, systematic and gradual process that cannot be changed simply through afforestation. Geographic location of the Loess Plateau.

And the climatic characteristics of the Loess Plateau are located in the northern part of China. From administrative divisions.

It includes most or part of Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Henan. It is nearly 1,000 kilometers long from east to west and 750 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 640,000 square kilometers.

The altitude gradually decreases from west to east, with an altitude of 2000 1000 meters, which is the most concentrated loess distribution and the largest plateau covering the area in the world.

Personally, if you want to plant trees in the state, there must be a favorable time and place, the terrain of the Lunna Loess Plateau may not be good, and the soil is loose, and the precipitation should not be up to standard, so only find the right terrain to plant trees.

It is a town of sleepiness, because the Loess Plateau is generally full of stone rulers and sand trees, there is no humus at all, and the soil erosion is very serious, and the plants have no way to get nutrients.

Because the population of the Loess Plateau is larger than that of the Wheel Banquet, and the soil is relatively loose, the annual precipitation is mainly concentrated in July and August; It's not just because of the slippery soil of the soil.

This situation is in steep slopes of farmland and barren hills.

According to today's headlines, artificial afforestation in the Loess Plateau is mainly in the steep slope farmland and the barren beach of the Huangcha ridge mountain, because the precipitation in the Loess Plateau is characterized by less rain and snow in spring and winter, more rain in summer and autumn, and uneven distribution of annual precipitation in time and space. You can choose drought-tolerant and cold-tolerant tree species, such as poplar, salix, oak, etc.

Afforestation is an important measure for vegetation construction on the Loess Plateau, and it is better to have afforestation in spring from mid-February to late March and autumn, and from mid-October to mid-November. Scientific management and maintenance measures should be adopted for afforestation, so as to achieve the best results.

In recent years, the area of forest land has been increasing, but soil erosion is still serious in some places due to plant varieties, cultivation techniques or management problems. In particular, in many places, lightweight managed planting has become common in afforestation, and there has been a certain degree of anthropogenic soil erosion. According to the survey, the main causes of soil erosion in planted forests are as follows.

Felling of trees, a large amount of loosening of soil leads to soil erosion. Tree planting and tree planting destroy the original stability of the soil layer, so objectively create conditions for soil erosion. In addition, in some areas, the slopes are steep, the loose mounds are unstable, and the abandoned soil is easy to fall off.

The unreasonable mix of planted varieties leads to soil erosion. In some places, the combination of "tree-shrub-grass" is not paid attention to when planting trees, and the variety combination is very unreasonable.

Planting trees and grasses, ignoring management, low survival rate, soil erosion. In some places, there is a lack of effective management of planted trees, and the occurrence of soil erosion is exacerbated by the fact that "trees are planted every year".

Without a scientific plan, haphazard planting can lead to soil erosion. Afforestation also requires scientific planning. In particular, forestry development has a large dynamic volume and must be contour cultivated. Otherwise, the soil will easily fall off after the preparation of the mountainous area.

First, the science program. When planting trees, it is necessary to rationally lay out the soil and minimize unnecessary loosening of soil. The afforestation density should not be too high in places with flat terrain and poor soil, and can be planted in a mixed way in strips or blocks, and dense planting should be done in places with serious soil erosion.

Second, trees should be cut down reasonably. During the excavation process, special attention should be paid to the spoil mound, which should be placed on trees as much as possible and in a flat place to reduce the fall of soil.

Third, scientific coordination should be carried out according to local conditions. According to the local water and soil conditions, suitable forest is forest, and suitable grass is grass. If it is a hilly and mountainous area with serious soil erosion, afforestation should be mainly based on the creation of hybrid protective forest. The main tree species suitable for hard planting in Yangyang County are Pinus tabuliformis and Juniper.

Sylvestris superba, sea buckthorn. The tree species suitable for the beam depression with thick soil layer and loose structure are Pinus tabuliformis, cedar, superba, bitter wood, etc. In the saline-alkali soil area, you can choose Populus euphratica and Tamarix.

and other afforestation. Plant local indigenous shrubs and plants, maximize the combination of "trees, shrubs, and grasses", and achieve forest spondylation as soon as possible.

Fourth, it is necessary to carry out contour cultivation as much as possible. This allows for phased interception and reduces soil erosion. Fifth, it is necessary to strengthen the management of various forests to ensure the survival rate.

Afforestation must focus on quality, ensure the survival rate and preservation rate of forests, and avoid the phenomenon of "planting trees every year, but not seeing forests".

Because the roots of the tree need to reach deep into the ground to ensure that it grows into the towering tree, so that it will hold on to the land for a long time, so it largely prevents soil erosion.

Because the root system of the tree is particularly developed, it can fix the sand around it, so it can play a role in preventing wind and fixing sand, so the effect of planting trees is the best.