Are there positive tetravalent lead ions? Does lead have a positive quadrivalent

The first floor is really hard---

Lead has a positive tetravalent.

There is also a positive 2 price.

Lead monoxide, chemical formula PBO, commonly known as lead yellow, yellow dan, tantric monk. It is an amphoteric oxide, and it is a light yellow crystalline powder at room temperature.

It can be prepared by heating lead or lead nitrate in air. Reactive:

2pb + o2 → 2pbo

2pb(no3)2 → 2pbo + 4no2 + o2

It can be used to make glass, enamel, glaze, and other lead compounds.

Lead dioxide or lead peroxide, chemical formula PBO2, brown crystals or powder at room temperature. It has strong oxidizing properties and can oxidize hydrochloric acid into chlorine gas.

Lead dioxide can be obtained by the reaction of lead tetroxide with nitric acid. Reactive:

pb3o4 + 4hno3 → pbo2 + 2pb(no3)2 + o2

Lead dioxide can be used to make the plates of lead-acid batteries. Heating produces oxygen.

Lead sulfate, molecular formula PBSO4, white monoclinic or orthorhombic crystal, insoluble in water, toxic. It is the main component of lead alum or lead sulfate, with a melting point of 1443k, ksp=, mainly used for white paint pigments, lead-acid batteries, etc.

Soluble in nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, saturated NH4AC and caustic alkali:

When heated, it can be reduced to lead or lead sulfide by reducing agents such as hydrogen, carbon, carbon monoxide and alkali metals.

The reaction of sodium carbonate (potassium) aqueous solution and soluble chromate aqueous solution with solid lead sulfate can quickly reach equilibrium, and lead sulfate can be completely converted into lead carbonate precipitation or lead chromate precipitation in a short period of time at room temperature.

That's pretty much it.

According to the electron arrangement outside the nucleus, pb[kr]4f145d106s26p2 and the 6s2 electron pair are very stable [noble electron pair effect], so the +2 valence of pb is stable, while the positive 4 valence.

Instability. Lead oxide is easily soluble in nitric acid.

However, it is insoluble in alkali, while lead dioxide is slightly soluble in alkali and insoluble in nitric acid. The sulfate of divalent lead is insoluble, while the sulfate of tetravalent lead is soluble, which may be related to ionic polarization.

3. Electrification reaction in the charging process of lead-acid battery.

When charging, the external continuous current power supply (charging electrode or rectifier) should be connected to restore the material generated by the positive and negative plates after discharge to the original active substance, and convert the external electrical energy into chemical energy for storage.

On the positive plate, under the action of external current, the lead sulfate is dissociated into divalent lead ions (PB2) and sulfate negative ions (SO4-2), because the external power supply continues to absorb electrons from the positive electrode, the free divalent lead ions (PB2) near the positive plate continue to release two electrons to supplement, become tetravalent lead ions (PB4), and continue to react with water, and finally generate lead dioxide (PBO2) on the positive plate.

From here, it looks like there is.

There is no simple Pb4+ ion because its polarization capacity is so strong that the ionic bond becomes a covalent bond.

There are two types of lead ions, bivalent and tetravalent, with bivalent being more common, such as lead nitrate.

1l, I don't even know what you're talking about.

Lead has +2 and +4 valence, DONE.

The extranuclear electrons of the pb atom: [xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 the extranucleus electrons of sp2pb2+: [xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2pb2+ The valence electron structure of pb2+ is 6s2

Pb(Cl4)2-, lead is positive bivalent, so there are two more electrons in its orbital that occupy the 6s2 orbital.

So Pb is sp2d hybridized, and the spatial configuration of sp2d hybridization is square.

PBOs and PBs are reacted with hydrochloric acid to form PBCl2. In the presence of hydrochloric acid, there is no PBO, or PB.

PBO® cannot, PBO® will react with hydrogen ions to form PBCl2, neither can PB2, the oxidation of PB2+ ions is too weak to oxidize Cl-

If it is Pb, then according to the order of metal activity, Pb will react with hydrogen ions, which is equivalent to Pb is a catalyst that catalyzes the redox reaction between hydrogen ions and chloride ions, which is obviously unreasonable.

I remember there was a special one, +2 valence lead that was more oxidizing than +4 valence.

According to the electron configuration outside the nucleus, see pb[kr]4f145d106s26p2

The 6S2 electron pair is very stable, so the +2 valence of Pb is stable, while the positive 4 valence is unstable.

PBO4 has never seen a similar solution to the ionic potential of a university with similar knowledge.

One of the chemical properties of carbon group elements is that the +4 valence compound of C is stable, while the +2 valence compound of lead is stable, and the +4 valence lead ion is strongly oxidizing. , +42 valence lead ions are not only present in PBO2. For example: PBF4

Add dilute hydrochloric acid-lead chloride precipitate.

Dilute sulfuric acid - barium sulfate precipitate.

Excess NaOH – Iron hydroxide precipitation.

Zinc ions are left in the solution.