What are the main problems in the implementation and supervision stage of PPP projects?

Project supervision.

Quality control. Supervision of funds.

Service supervision. All kinds of usage should be monitored in fact.

PPP (Public-Private Partnership), also known as PPP model, is a project operation model in public infrastructure. Under this model, private enterprises and private capital are encouraged to cooperate with the first class to participate in the construction of public infrastructure.

The project PPP model is an optimized project financing and implementation model, with the "win-win" or "win-win" of all participants as the basic concept of cooperation, and its typical structure is: ** department or local ** through the form of ** procurement and the winning unit to form a special purpose company to sign a concession contract (the special purpose company is generally a winning construction company, a service management company or a third party to invest in the project composed of shares), by the special purpose company is responsible for financing, construction and operation. ** Usually a direct agreement is entered into with the financial institution providing the loan, which is not an agreement to guarantee the project, but an agreement to the lending institution to pay the relevant fees in accordance with the contract with the SPV, which enables the SPV to obtain loans from the financial institution relatively smoothly.

The PPP model is a public-private partnership model, which refers to the process of cooperation with the private sector, allowing the resources held by the non-public sector to participate in the provision of products and services, and bringing benefits to the private sector.

First, public-private partnerships, abbreviated as PPP, are also translated as "public-private partnerships" in China. PPP mode is usually.

PPP [Public-Private Partnership] refers to a long-term partnership established by the public and private sectors through a formal agreement to provide public services (mainly public infrastructure), in which the public and private sectors complement each other's strengths, share risks and benefits.

Second, the PPP Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) provides a standard method for transmitting multiprotocol packets over a point-to-point connection. PPP was originally designed to provide an encapsulation protocol for the transmission of IP traffic between two peer nodes.

The PPP project is a marriage with social capital. In the PPP project of going out, we are a Chinese company.

As a social capital from outside the host country, in order to ensure a harmonious and stable marriage in the next few decades of the project cycle, and to ensure a more active position in the event of a crisis, the company should prepare for the relationship period (from the aspects of legal, contract and investment structure design in the early stage of the project).

As of the end of March 2017, there were a total of 12,287 projects in the country, with a cumulative investment of one trillion yuan. Among them, 1,729 projects have been signed, with an investment of one trillion yuan and a landing rate.

As of the end of March 2017, 464 national demonstration projects have signed PPP project contracts and entered the implementation stage, with an investment of 1.19 trillion yuan and a landing rate. Among the 464 demonstration projects, the top three are municipal engineering, transportation, ecological construction and environmental protection.

With the in-depth development of the Belt and Road Initiative, a large number of Chinese energy and infrastructure companies have explored and carried out "going out" to participate in overseas PPP projects.

In a Public Private Partnership, a Chinese company (whether state-owned or private) is a second "P", i.e., a "private" investor from outside the host country, who enters into a decades-long project agreement with the first "P" (the host country** or a state-owned company on its behalf**) to build, finance, and operate the host country's critical infrastructure and energy project assets.

Some people say that the PPP project is a marriage between the company and social capital. In the PPP project of going out, as a social capital from outside the host country, in order to ensure a harmonious and stable marriage in the project cycle in the next few decades, and to ensure a more active position in the event of a crisis, we should prepare the way in the relationship period (from the aspects of legal, contract and investment structure design in the early stage of the project).

1. Project management software in the traditional sense is more about managing the resources, tasks, schedule, and quality of the project, while ignoring the ultimate goal of project management - project cost control. For example, through the project management software, the project management software can comprehensively calculate all kinds of project costs, including labor, expenses, materials, equipment, management allocation, outsourcing and other project cost management, help financial personnel easily complete the project cost accounting process, and help project managers understand the actual costs of the project in real time.