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Distribution, quantity and protection of rare animals and plants in China.

1. Conservation of wild animals and plantsChina has a vast territory, complex terrain, diverse climate, and abundant wildlife resources. For example, there are more than 30,000 species of higher plants and more than 7,000 species of woody plants in China.

There are more than 1,800 species of terrestrial vertebrates, including more than 300 species of reptiles, more than 1,100 species of birds, and more than 400 species of mammals, accounting for 10 species of terrestrial vertebrates in the world. Nearly 600 species of freshwater fish have been recorded, and more than 1,500 species of marine fish have been recorded, accounting for about 10 of the world's fish species. In addition, there are many rare animals and plants unique to the world, such as giant pandas, golden snub-nosed monkeys, Chinese alligators, white-sided dolphins, ginkgo, metasequoia, dove and so on.

Due to our lack of understanding of the rational use of wild animal and plant resources in the past, our precious resources in this regard have been seriously damaged. Nearly 10 species of birds and beasts are basically extinct due to indiscriminate hunting and killing, including wild horses, high-nosed antelopes, white-rumped langurs, white cranes, and yellow-bellied horned pheasants. Twenty species of wild animals, including gibbons, deer, tigers, white-sided dolphins, dugongs, alligators and elephants, are also on the verge of extinction. The sources of many valuable medicinal materials have also been depleted due to unplanned collection.

The extinction of wildlife is also a widespread international problem. According to statistics recorded for nearly 2,000 years, more than 110 species of mammals and more than 130 species of birds have disappeared from the face of the earth. Currently, there are 2,500 species of plants and more than 1,000 species of vertebrates worldwide, which are in danger of extinction.

...Fear of harming the plate.

This data is ** on the map, and the final result is subject to the latest data on the map.

Scientific name: redrlowered loropetalum Synonyms: red oak, safflower family name:

Witch hazel family Morphological characteristics: perennial red small shrub or small tree, 4cm-9cm tall. Twigs, young leaves and calyxes are embroidered with short stellate hairs.

Young leaves pale reddish, leaves dark purple, leathery-ovate or elliptic, apex acute, entire, densely stellate pubescence on the back. There are 4 petals, purple-red linear 1 cm to 2 cm long, and the flowers are 3 to 8 clustered at the end of the twig. Capsule brown, nearly ovate.

Lilac flowers bloom in April and May. The fruit ripens in August.

Application environment: four seasons of flowers and foliage plants. The safflower is a good material for making stump scenes. The ground plant is also graceful and colorful, and it is a valuable ornamental tree species for beautifying parks, courtyards and roads.

Propagation: seeding, cuttings or high pressure can be used; After the flowering period, when the new branches are ripe, pruning cuttings or high-pressure seedlings. After the seedlings are grown, they are planted in small pots for fertilization, and then planted after 1 year.

Cultivation points: Fertile humus loam is the best to cultivate soil on the mountain, followed by sandy loam. The drainage needs to be good, the sunshine needs to be sufficient, and the high temperature in the summer of the flat land in South China should be cool, ventilated and cooled to make it smooth in summer.

Autumn to spring is the growth period, fertilization is applied once every 1-2 months, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are increased as appropriate, which can promote flowering. After the flowering period, pruning should be pruned once, and after August in autumn, the flower buds begin to differentiate, so pruning should be avoided so as not to affect the flowering of the next year. Sex likes warm or cold, the appropriate temperature for fertility is 15 25, summer or rainy season to avoid high temperature, humidity, poor drainage.

1. Radix ginseng.

Scrophularia is the root of Scrophularia and Scrophularia spp., which contain sylvestris and iridoid glycosides; It also contains volatile oils, alkaloids, etc.; Pharmacological tests have proved that the water infusion of Scrophularia radix, alcohol infusion and decoction have the effect of lowering blood pressure; Radix also has vasodilating and cardiotonic effects; The invading agents of a variety of Scrophularia sinensis plants have epidermal and anticonvulsant effects. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that its coldness, sweet and bitter taste, its functions nourish yin and reduce fire, cool blood and detoxify, and are suitable for fever, polydipsia, spots, bone steaming and exertion, restless sleep, self-perspiration and night sweats, constipation and sore throat.

Dosage: 6 12 g; However, it should not be used for loose stool and phlegm dampness.

2. Cassia seed.

Cassia seeds are leguminous plant stewed leaf cassia or cassia seeds, containing anthracelate and anthraquinone glycosides, cassia and vitamin A, etc., pharmacological tests have proved that cassia has the effect of lowering blood pressure and lowering serum cholesterol; It has the effect of resisting a variety of pathogenic bacteria and soft stool laxative.

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that its nature is slightly cold, sweet and bitter, its function is to clear the liver and eyes, improve water and laxative, and is suitable for liver fever or liver meridian wind heat caused by eye redness and pain, shame and tears; In addition, it is also effective for high blood pressure, hepatitis, cirrhosis ascites and habitual constipation.

Dosage: 3 9 grams, mashed and decocted.

3. Reed root. Reed root is the underground stem of the reed of the grass plant, which contains coixin, asparagine, etc. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that its cold, sweet taste, function to clear heat and generate Jin, remove annoyance, antinausea, diuretic, suitable for fever, heat and thirst, stomach heat vomiting, choking, nausea and ** lung fever cough, pulmonary carbuncle and so on.

Dosage: 9-30 grams for general dry; Fresh 15 40 grams.

4. Forsythia. Forsythia is the fruit of Forsythia suspensa, which contains volatile oils, forsythia phenols, flavonoid glycosides, alkaloids, etc.; Pharmacological tests showed that forsythia had a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, and the forsythia phenol contained in it may be the main antibacterial component. Forsythia also has anti-inflammatory, antiemetic, diuretic, and cardiotonic effects; The flavonoids contained in it can enhance the density of capillaries, so they have hemostatic effect on bleeding caused by capillary rupture and subcutaneous hemorrhage. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that its nature is slightly cold, bitter taste, function to clear heat and detoxify, disperse knots and reduce swelling, suitable for warmth, erysipelas, macules, carbuncle ulcers and swelling and allergic purpura.

Dosage: generally 6 9 grams.

5. Know your mother. It is the rhizome of the mother of the lily family, containing a variety of saponins and saponins, in addition to two flavonoids, mangiferins, etc. The test proved that Zhimu has obvious antipyretic effect, and has obvious curative effect on epidemic hemorrhagic fever, Japanese encephalitis, and tuberculosis hot flashes.

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that its coldness, sweet and bitter taste, its function is to clear heat and relieve fire, nourish yin and moisten dryness, and is suitable for pulmonary heat cough and asthma or yin deficiency cough, heat and thirst, bone steaming and fever, unfavorable urination, dry stool and other symptoms.

Dosage: Generally 6-9 grams, but those with kidney yang deficiency, weak two-foot pulse and loose stool should not use it.