How many flame retardants are added to flame retardant materials, and what are the flame retardant m

How much flame retardant to add to flame retardant materials This question is too general.

Flame retardant is divided into grades, depending on which level of flame retardant you want to achieve, and then depending on which material you use, different materials are flame retardant, some are easy to burn, some are difficult to burn, they are flame retardant, and there is no need to add flame retardants. Finally, it depends on the type of flame retardant you add, there are many types of flame retardants, organic, inorganic fillers, halogen-containing, halogen-free (phosphorus and nitrogen-free), etc., and the amount of each added is different.

Hello, XPS extruded plastic board usually needs to add flame retardant in production, the amount of flame retardant added and the flame retardant you produce, there is a direct relationship, the material on the market has new materials, large white materials, medium white materials, as well as brown materials, ** materials, etc., the higher the purity of the material, the less the amount of materials added, but it is not that many people on the market say that one or two copies can achieve the flame retardant level, and the flame retardant grade is also a level to say.

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That's right, the question is too general, friends can tell what specific materials they have, and let the big guys talk about it! Maybe it can become a hot post!

Flame retardant materials are mainly organic and inorganic, halogen and non-halogen. Organic is bromine, nitrogen, red phosphorus and compounds as the representative of some flame retardants, inorganic is mainly antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon and other flame retardant systems.

Inorganic flame retardant materials

The commonly used varieties are as follows:

Antimony trioxide. It must be used in tandem with organic flame retardant materials.

Magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide. They can be used separately, but they are added in large quantities and are often equivalent to the amount of resin.

Inorganic phosphorus. Commonly used red phosphorus and sulfate, pure red phosphorus is finally miniaturized before use, can be used alone and in combination, phosphate has ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, etc.

Boron flame retardant materials. Zinc borate hydrate is commonly used, which is generally used in conjunction with other flame retardant materials. Other metal oxides, such as metal aluminide, metal ferrite, etc., are mainly used for gunsmoke.

Metal halides. Such as all kinds of antimony halides.

Flame retardant materials include phosphorus-based flame retardants, nitrogen-based flame retardants and inorganic flame retardants. Phosphorus-based flame retardants include aluminum phosphinoate, aluminum diethylphosphinoate, ammonium polyphosphate, red phosphorus, etc. Nitrogen-based flame retardants include MCA and MPP flame retardants.

Inorganic flame retardants include magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide.

Flame retardant can not only be flame retardant, but also can prevent smoke, do not produce dripping, do not produce toxic gases, range of use:

Flame retardant mechanism of thermosetting plastics, thermoplastics, synthetic rubber, coatings and building materials industries, fire refractories or fire retardants: functional additives that give flammable polymers flame retardancy; It is mainly suitable for mortar and cement component products with flame retardant requirements to delay or prevent the combustion of buildings. Make it ignite for a longer time, ignite self-extinguishing, and be difficult to ignite.

The fabric can achieve strong flame retardancy after being soaked in this product.

Flame retardants exert their flame retardant effects through several mechanisms, such as endothermy, covering, inhibition of chain reaction, asphyxiation of non-combustible gas, etc. Most flame retardants are flame retardant through the joint action of several mechanisms.

Endothermic. If a part of the heat emitted by the ignition source can be absorbed in a short time, then the flame temperature will be reduced, the heat radiating to the combustion surface and acting on the pyrolysis of combustible molecules that have been vaporized into free radicals will be reduced, and the combustion reaction will be inhibited to a certain extent. Under high temperature conditions, the flame retardant undergoes a strong endothermic reaction, which absorbs part of the heat released by combustion, reduces the temperature of the surface of the combustible, effectively inhibits the generation of flammable gases, and prevents the spread of combustion.

The flame retardant mechanism of flame retardant is to improve the flame retardant performance of the polymer by increasing the heat capacity of the polymer so that it can absorb more heat before reaching the thermal decomposition temperature. This type of flame retardant gives full play to its characteristics of absorbing a large amount of heat when combined with water vapor, and improves its own flame retardant ability.

Covering effect. After adding flame retardant to the combustible material, the flame retardant can form a glass-like or stable foam covering layer at high temperature, isolate oxygen, and have the functions of heat insulation, oxygen insulation, and preventing combustible gas from escaping outward, so as to achieve the purpose of flame retardant. For example, organic phosphorus flame retardants can produce cross-linked solid substances or carbonized layers with more stable structures when heated.

On the one hand, the formation of the carbonization layer can prevent the polymer from further pyrolysis, and on the other hand, it can prevent the thermal decomposition products inside it from entering the gas phase to participate in the combustion process.

Inhibits chain reaction.

According to the chain reaction theory of combustion, what is needed to sustain combustion are free radicals. Flame retardants can act on the gas-phase combustion zone to capture free radicals in the combustion reaction, thereby preventing the spread of the flame, reducing the flame density in the combustion zone, and finally reducing the combustion reaction speed until termination. When the polymer is decomposed by heat, the flame retardant also volatilizes.

At this time, the halogenated flame retardant and the thermal decomposition product are in the gas-phase combustion zone at the same time, and the flame retardant can capture the free radicals in the combustion reaction, thereby preventing the spread of the flame, reducing the flame density in the combustion zone, and finally reducing the combustion reaction speed until it is terminated.

Non-flammable gas asphyxiation.

When the flame retardant is heated, it decomposes non-combustible gas, and dilutes the concentration of combustible gas decomposed by combustible materials below the lower combustion limit. At the same time, it also has the effect of diluting the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone, preventing the continuation of combustion and achieving the effect of flame retardant.

In ISC, flame retardants relate to textile products, recreational equipment, plastics, inorganic chemistry, raw materials for rubber and plastics, air quality, organic chemistry, road engineering, paraffin, asphalt materials and other petroleum products, environmental protection, waste, chemical products, fire protection, building structures, analytical chemistry, wires and cables, and clothing. In China's standard classification, flame retardants involve basic standards and general methods, toys, synthetic resins, plastics, inorganic salts, synthetic resins, plastic basic standards and general methods, textile products comprehensive, atmospheric environment toxic substances analysis methods, general organic chemical raw materials, stool base highway engineering, ventilation, air conditioning engineering, inorganic acids, alkalis, industrial waste residue pollutant analysis methods, industrial wastewater, pollutant analysis methods, chemical additives basic standards and general methods, metal structure engineering, Basic standards and general methods, fire prevention technology, wood structure engineering, chemical reagent synthesis, wood and bamboo anticorrosion, cables and accessories, agriculture, animal husbandry, sideline, fishery vehicles, clothing, shoes, hats, cotton grey cloth and products.

Legal basis: Measures of the People's Republic of China for the Administration of Industry Standards

Article 1 In order to strengthen the management of industry standards and ensure the coordination and unification of industry standards, these measures are formulated in accordance with the provisions of the Standardization Law of the People's Republic of China and the Regulations on the Implementation of the Standardization Law of the People's Republic of China.

The second industry standard is a standard formulated for the technical requirements that need to be unified within a certain industry in the country without a national standard. Industry standards shall not contradict relevant national standards. Relevant industry standards should be coordinated and unified, and should not be duplicated.

Industry standards shall be abolished after the implementation of the corresponding national standards.

Article 3 The following technical requirements need to be unified within the industry, and industry standards (including the production of standard samples) can be formulated

1) Technical terms, symbols, codes (including **), file formats, drawing methods and other common technical languages;

2) The varieties, specifications, performance parameters, quality indicators, test methods, and safety and health requirements of industrial and agricultural products;

3) Design, production, inspection, packaging, storage, transportation, use, and maintenance methods of industrial and agricultural products, as well as safety and health requirements in the process of production, storage, and transportation;

4) Technical requirements for general parts;

5) Product structure elements and interchange and coordination requirements;

6) Technical requirements and methods for survey, planning, design, construction and acceptance of engineering construction;

7) Technical requirements for information, energy, resources, transportation and their management technology.

1. Chlorine flame retardant.

Recently, chlorine-based flame retardants have been partially replaced by brominated flame retardants, and the consumption of chlorine-based flame retardants has decreased.

2. Brominated flame retardant.

3. Phosphorus-based flame retardant.

Phosphorus-based flame retardants include inorganic phosphorus-based flame retardants and organophosphorus-based flame retardants.

4. Nitrogen-based flame retardant.

Commonly used varieties are melamine, melamine cyanurate (MCA), etc., which often need to be added as synergistic agents for PA, PU, PO, PET, PS, PVC and other resins. Nitrogen and phosphorus are the most commonly used synergistic flame retardant systems.

5. Intumescent flame retardant.

6. Inorganic hydroxide flame retardant.

Flame retardant, a functional additive that gives flammable polymers flame retardancy, mainly designed for flame retardant polymer materials; There are many types of flame retardants, which are divided into additive flame retardants and reactive flame retardants according to the method of use.

At present, the added flame retardants mainly include organic flame retardants and inorganic flame retardants, halogenated flame retardants (organic chlorides and organic bromide) and non-halogen. Organic is bromine, phosphorus and nitrogen, nitrogen, red phosphorus and compounds as the representative of some flame retardants, inorganic is mainly antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon and other flame retardant systems.

Reactive flame retardants participate in the polymerization reaction as a monomer, so the polymer itself contains flame retardant components, which has the advantage of having little impact on the performance of polymer materials and lasting flame retardancy.

There are many types of flame retardants, which are broadly classified into additive and reactive.

There are many types of flame retardants, depending on what kind of flame retardant you need, which is generally divided into: halogenated flame retardant, intumescent flame retardant, phosphorus flame retardant, nitrogen flame retardant, etc.

Flame retardants: currently there are mainly organic and inorganic, halogenated and non-halogen.

Ingredients of flame retardants:

Organic flame retardants are some flame retardants represented by bromine, nitrogen, red phosphorus and compounds, and inorganic flame retardant systems such as antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, and silicon.

The role of common flame retardants refers to the need to apply to plastics with flame retardant needs, delaying or preventing the combustion of plastics, especially polymer plastics. Make it ignite for a longer time, ignite self-extinguishing, and be difficult to ignite.

Flame retardants, also known as flame retardants, fire retardants or fire retardants, according to the different compositions, flame retardants are divided into: inorganic flame retardants, halogenated flame retardants (organic chlorides and organic bromide), phosphorus flame retardants (red phosphorus, phosphate esters and halophosphates, etc.) and nitrogen flame retardants.

1. Inorganic flame retardants include the following: magnesium hydroxide flame retardants, inorganic composite flame retardants, halogen-free environmental protection flame retardants, nitrogen and phosphorus intumescent flame retardants, antimony trioxide flame retardants, zinc borate flame retardants, aluminum hydroxide flame retardants

2. Flame retardants for wood paper fabrics mainly include the following: high-efficiency wood flame retardants (ZR-AN type), liquid flame retardants, water-soluble flame retardants, wood flame retardants, wood flame retardant and anticorrosive treatment, wood flame retardant preservatives, paper flame retardants, and fabric flame retardants.

3. Special flame retardants, mainly including the following categories: special flame retardants for extruded plastic boards, special flame retardants for non-woven coating, special flame retardants for carpets, special flame retardants for adhesives, ZX-83Y special flame retardants for rubber, special flame retardants for FRP, special flame retardants for unsaturated resins, special flame retardants for PVC NBR, special flame retardants for EPDM, PP PE flame retardants, PBT PET flame retardants for polyester materials, PU insulation board flame retardants, ABS special flame retardants, PA special flame retardants, Flame retardant for PVC.

4. Brominated flame retardants, mainly including the following products: brominated broad-spectrum high-efficiency flame retardants, heat-stable hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), extruded board flame retardants, XPS flame retardants.

1. Atmospheric pressure impregnation method: It is to immerse the wood in a flame retardant solution with low viscosity at room temperature or under heating conditions, and the length of impregnation time depends on the required flame retardant degree and the material properties of the wood. Generally, when the drug loading capacity reaches 32 80kg m3, the flame retardant effect can be achieved.

2. Vacuum high-pressure impregnation method: the wood is placed in the high-pressure tank, and a certain negative pressure is formed with a vacuum pump to remove the gas in the wood cell cavity, and then the wood flame retardant liquid is sucked in by vacuum, and then a certain pressure is applied to the tank through the pressurization device to press the flame retardant liquid into the wood cells, so as to achieve the flame retardant effect.

3. Other methods - injection method: use a special syringe and lifting mill to inject chemicals into the wood, and then carry out pre-pressing and other treatments to make the relative density of the wood reach. After treatment, the wood can achieve flame retardant, anti-corrosion, anti-decay and structural stabilization.

For example, the injection of a mixture of borax and boric acid into a Douglas fir board can meet the requirements of Class 2 specified in JIS A 1321.