What determines the direction of a typhoon?

It is determined by the geostrophic deflection force.

Typhoons occur in eight major sea areas around the world. Among them, there are five sea areas in the northern hemisphere: the western and eastern North Pacific, the western North Atlantic, the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea, and the southern hemisphere has three sea areas: the western South Pacific, the western and eastern southern Indian Ocean. Among them, the northwest Pacific region is the largest, accounting for more than 36% of the typhoon sources.

The source of typhoons in the Northwest Pacific is divided into three relatively concentrated areas:The ocean east of the Philippines, the ocean near **, and the central part of the South China Sea

Generally, typhoons form from the Pacific Ocean.

A typhoon is a tropical storm that occurs over the western Pacific Ocean. Tropical cyclones form on the surface of the ocean due to sun exposure, which then rotates the surrounding air and moves from south to north or disappears into the sea. Every year, there are at least a dozen typhoons that affect our country.

When disasters are caused, large amounts of rain are also brought in. After the sun shines, strong cumulonimbus clouds form on the sea surface, and the hot air in these cumulonimbus clouds rises, and the cooler air around them is replenished in a steady stream, and rises again when it is hot, making the air above hot and the air below cold.

The evaporation of water vapor from the hot air above expands the cloud band, which in turn expands the movement more violently. The expanding clouds rotate counterclockwise under the influence of geostrophic deflection forces, forming a tropical cyclone. As the air at the centre of the tropical cyclone thins out and the air pressure decreases, all the surrounding air rushes towards the tropical depression and then rises in heat.

At this time, the air in the tropical depression rotates more violently, the maximum wind force in the center increases, and the air pressure decreases further. At a certain level, the tropical depression will rise to a tropical storm and then form a strong typhoon or even a super typhoon. Don't ignore the power of a typhoon, its destructive power far exceeds that of any natural disaster, destroying roads and destroying vegetation.

What's even more terrifying is that typhoons often cause flash floods, triggering secondary disasters such as tsunamis and mudslides, causing more serious disasters.

Typhoon is a kind of tropical cyclone according to the wind near the center, 7 is called tropical depression, 8-9 is called tropical storm, 10-11 is called tropical storm, 12 or more is called typhoon, we see that these names have a "tropical" two words, which shows the location of its generation: in the tropics, every year at a distance of about 5 degrees from the equator, a large number of tropical cyclones are formed, of which only about one-tenth can become a typhoon, so the formation of a typhoon has more harsh conditions to become a typhoon to have enough energy, We know that water has a high specific heat ratio and is able to absorb and release tremendous amounts of energy.

Therefore, first of all, there must be a large enough ocean surface, so that it can have the energy needed to store the formation of a typhoon, and secondly, there must be a high enough temperature, and to form a typhoon, it must be on the given ocean surface, 60 meters of water depth, and each layer of water depth must be above degrees. The place with these two conditions is only near the equator, when the conditions are met, a large amount of updraft will accumulate in this area, forming an updraft, at this time, there is still a condition left, that is, rotation, we know that the earth's rotation will form after the deflection force, the more the deflection force is at high latitudes, and the deflection force near 5 degrees from the equator can just say that the air flow around the cyclone rotates around the center, rather than directly entering the center position. As the water vapor on the ocean surface continues to evaporate, and the surrounding air currents are added, the conditions for the formation of a typhoon are basically in place, of course, in fact, the formation of a typhoon is a rather complex process, and the above is just a rough distance.

The formation of a typhoon requires the following conditions: 1. The sea surface water temperature is above; 2. Typhoons are formed from a pre-existing tropical depression disturbance.

To put it bluntly, a typhoon is a cyclonic phenomenon caused by the collision of two tropical winds.

Typhoons and hurricanes are both a kind of strong tropical cyclones that occur in the tropical ocean, but they occur in different locations and different names, and tropical cyclones that occur in the western North Pacific Ocean, west of the International Date Line, including the South China Sea, are called typhoons; Tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean or the eastern North Pacific are called hurricanes, which means hurricanes in the United States and typhoons in the Philippines, China, and Japan.

The main cause of typhoon formation is the tropical cyclone formed by the friction of hot steam from sea water with air.

What a typhoon is formed by is as follows:

Typhoons originate in tropical seas, where temperatures are high and large amounts of seawater evaporate into the air, creating a center of low pressure. As the air pressure changes and the earth itself moves, the incoming air also rotates, forming a whirlpool of air that rotates counterclockwise, which is called a tropical cyclone. As long as the temperature does not drop, the tropical cyclone will become more and more powerful and eventually form a typhoon.

Typhoons are formed by "tropical cyclones that tend to be more dynamic under the influence of temperature". A center of low pressure is formed on the surface of the tropical sea, where the water temperature reaches the surface of the sea, and as the pressure changes and the earth moves, the center of pressure transforms into a swirling air vortex, which is called a tropical cyclone. Persistent high temperatures make tropical cyclones more and more powerful, hence the formation of typhoons.

Tropical cyclones in the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific are classified into six categories according to their maximum average wind strength near the center of the bottom layer, of which those with winds of 12 or more are collectively referred to as typhoons.

A typhoon is a deep system of depression with a very low central pressure, with significant convergence towards the center in the lower layers and major outward divergence in the top. If you cut the typhoon horizontally, you can see that there are three distinct areas, from the center to the outward: the typhoon eye area, the cloud wall area, and the spiral rain belt area.

Typhoon Eye Zone: Very peculiar, where the wind is very small, the weather is clear, and the average diameter is 40 kilometers, and the seafarers who are present in it humorously call the typhoon eye a "paradise" for typhoons.

Cloud wall area: The cloud wall area around the eye of the typhoon is dozens of kilometers wide and more than ten kilometers high, also known as the eyewall. Here the cloud walls are towering, the wind is howling, the rain is pouring down, the sea is churning, and the weather is at its worst.

Spiral rain belt area: outside the cloud wall is the spiral rain belt, there are several rain (cloud) bands converge around the eye wall in a spiral shape, the rain width is tens of kilometers to hundreds of kilometers, thousands of kilometers long, the rain belt will fall showers where it passes, and there will be windy weather.

Causes of typhoons: In tropical or subtropical oceans with an ocean surface temperature of more than 27, due to the high temperature of the near ocean, a large amount of air expands and rises, which reduces the pressure of the near ocean surface, and the peripheral air continuously replenishes and flows into the rising area. Under the influence of the geostrophic deflection force, the incoming air rotates.

When the rising air expands and cools, the water vapor in it cools and condenses to form water droplets, which releases heat and causes the low-level air to rise. As a result, the near-ocean pressure drops lower, the air rotates more violently, and a typhoon is formed.

Generally speaking, the following basic conditions are required for the occurrence of a typhoon:

1. There should be a sufficiently broad tropical ocean, this ocean surface is not only requiredThe surface temperature of the sea water should be higher, and in a layer of water at a depth of 60 meters, the water temperature exceeds this value.

Before the formation of typhoons,There must be a weak tropical vortex beforehand

3. There should be a sufficiently large deflection force for the rotation of the earthSince the geostrophic deflection force at the equator is zero and gradually increases towards the poles, the typhoon occurs at a distance of more than 5 degrees from the equator.

4. Above the weak low pressure, the difference between the wind direction and wind speed between the high and low altitudes should be small

Causes of typhoons.

It is known to have developed from disturbances within the tropical atmosphere. In the tropical ocean, the sea surface is exposed to direct sunlight and the temperature of the sea water rises, and the sea water is easy to evaporate into water vapor and disperse in the air, so the air temperature on the tropical ocean is high and the humidity is high.

This kind of air expands due to high temperature, resulting in a decrease in density and a decrease in mass, and the wind near the equator is weak, so it is easy to rise, convection occurs, and at the same time, the surrounding cooler air flows in to replenish, and then rises, and so on, and the whole air column will eventually be higher temperature, lighter weight, less dense air, which forms a low pressure.

However, the flow of air is from high pressure to low pressure, just as water flows from high to low, and the air at the higher pressure around it will flow to the lower pressure, and wind will be formed.

In the summer season, because the direct sunlight area moves northward from the equator, the southeast trade winds in the southern hemisphere cross the equator and turn into the southwest monsoon to invade the northern hemisphere, and meet the northeast trade winds in the original northern hemisphere, the squeezed air rises, increasing the convection, and then because the southwest monsoon and the northeast trade winds are in different directions, they often cause fluctuations and vortices.

The convergence caused by the meeting of the southwest monsoon and the northeast trade winds and the original convection continued, so that the vortex that had formed into a low pressure continued to deepen, that is, the surrounding air accelerated to the center of the vortex, and the faster the inflow, the greater the wind speed of the locust.

A tropical storm is called a tropical storm when the maximum wind speed near the surface reaches or exceeds the meter second, and if it is stronger, it is called a typhoon.