Various sentence patterns and example sentences in classical Chinese

Common classical Chinese sentence patterns are:

(1) The format of the judgment sentence

Judgment sentences in classical Chinese generally do not use judgment words, but directly use nouns or noun phrases as predicates to express judgments, and often use some particles, modal words, and adverbs to express or strengthen the tone of judgment. The main formats are as follows:

1. After the subject, use the particle "者" to express Teton, and after the predicate, use the modal word "also" to end the tail. Such as:

Honest people, Zhao Zhiliang will also. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru").

Teacher, so preaching and receiving karma to solve doubts. ("The Teacher Says").

2. Only use "者" after the subject to express Teton. Such as:

The millet is planted by the people. ("On the Noble Sushu").

3. Only use "also" after the predicate. Such as:

In this life, it is not passed on. ("The Legend of Stone Bell Mountain").

Where the Tao exists, so does the teacher. ("The Teacher Says").

(2) The format of the passive sentence

Passive sentences in classical Chinese often use certain prepositions, particles, and auxiliary verbs to create a passive format.

1. Use the preposition "for" to introduce the initiative of the behavior. Such as:

The forts were all against the ground. ("Sanyuanli Anti-British").

The rabbit cannot be recovered, and as Song Guoxiao. ("Five Worms").

2. Use the preposition "to" to introduce the initiative of the behavior. Such as:

The husband Zhao is strong and Yan is weak, and Jun is fortunate to be King Zhao, so King Yan wants to marry Jun. ("The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru").

Don't be limited to the time, learn more. ("The Teacher Says").

3. The preposition "be" is used to express passive, and the object of "be" is often omitted. Such as:

One of them said that he was the head of a Western soldier and was also killed. ("Sanyuanli Anti-British").

Believe and be suspicious, loyal and slandered, can you be without complaining? ("The Biography of Qu Yuan").

(3) Special double object

There are two special double objects in classical Chinese, which cannot be understood according to the general double object.

1. Use the double object.

The relationship between the verb and the near object is the verb. Such as:

The two strategies are even, and it is better to lose Qin Qu. ("Lian Po Lin Xiangru Biography") negative Qin", so that Qin is negative. "Negative Qin Song", make Qin negative Song, and make Qin State bear the responsibility of taking responsibility.

The peasants who have beaten the people and returned are all written in this book. ("On Accumulation and Sparseness") to return", so that it returns. "Return to the peasants" and make them return to the peasants.

2. It is a verbal double object.

There is a verbal relationship between the verb and the near object. Such as:

For it, than the car under the door. ("Feng Zhenke Meng Weijun") is "(wéi), a verb, here it means "to prepare". "For it", for (w seedlings) for (wéi), for him.

for it", for (wèi) for (wéi) for (wéi) to drive, prepare for him carriage and horses.

A gentleman who is sick will give up what he wants. ("Ji's Will Cut Away") for", find. "Say it for it" and make an excuse for it.

1. There are two main categories of classical Chinese sentence patterns: fixed sentence patterns and special sentence patterns in classical Chinese. Its special sentence structure can be divided into:

There are four categories of inverted sentences, passive sentences, omitted sentences, and judgment sentences, and inverted sentences are divided into: object prepositional sentences, adverbial postposition sentences (prepositional phrase postposition), definite postposition sentences, subject-verb inverted sentences (predicate predicate preposition).

2. Judgment sentence: The so-called judgment sentence is a sentence structure that uses a noun, pronoun or noun phrase as a predicate to judge the subject.

3. Passive sentences: In classical Chinese, the subject of some sentences is the bearer of the action, and this sentence pattern is a passive sentence.

4. Inverted sentences: In classical Chinese, inverted sentences are relative to the sentence order of modern Chinese, based on this, we divide the inverted sentences in classical Chinese into object preposition, definite postposition, adverbial postposition, subject-verb inversion, etc.