Li Zicheng preached that King Chuang came and didn t pay for food , did he really do it?

The reason why Li Zicheng was able to develop and strengthen his peasant rebel army was that "the king of Chuang came and did not pay for food". But although the slogan is called like this, it can't keep up, but it doesn't really "don't pay for food". It is to recruit the people under a pretense.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, wars broke out everywhere in the Central Plains. And in the event of a war, it is these ordinary people who will suffer the most. One of the big reasons is that soldiers are needed to fight wars, and soldiers need food, and naturally they need food.

And the food comes from **, and it is basically taken from these people.

Therefore, in the event of a war, people are always displaced and hiding everywhere, and many people have no way to hand over food. And Li Zicheng, who was born as a farmer, also understands this truth very wellTherefore, since the beginning of the uprising, he has played a very good slogan: "When the king comes, he will not pay for food". It grabbed the hearts of the people at once, and made the hearts of the people in the world bias towards Li Zicheng.

It is precisely because of this that the Ming Dynasty officials who have been letting the people pay grain have become the object of hatred of the people, and the people of the Ming Dynasty who oppressed the people and let themselves pay grain were very hateful, and they were also very eager for this king who did not pay grain to replace him, and finally as these people thought, King Li Zicheng successfully broke through the city of Beijing and replaced it.

But although Li Zicheng's slogan is "King Chuang comes and doesn't pay grain", he didn't really refuse to pay grain. Because if you really don't pay food, you can only rely on robbing the rich ** to maintain the expenses of the army, which is obviously not shown. Therefore, Li Zicheng's army also had to pay grain, but it was much less than that of the Ming Dynasty.

But even so, the people were satisfied.

At that time, this was not done at all, because food was very scarce at a time of war.

It's not true, he later broke into the Forbidden City and burned, killed and looted, and did everything.

No, on the contrary, I ate, drank and had fun in the capital for a few days.

Personally, I don't think that's how he did, after all, it's not good, it's not a good idea.

Before Li Zicheng became King Chuang, his experience was very similar to that of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty. From a young family to poverty, he became a monk, encountered a severe drought in Shaanxi for many years, and was hungry in the temple, so he had to beg for a living. Inadvertently seeing the conscription order, he actively enlisted, with the momentum of daring to fight, led the poor people into the Forbidden City in Beijing, forced the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Youzhen, to death, held a simple enthronement ceremony, and became the shortest-serving emperor in history.

This is a little different from his experience with Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, who did not keep the fruits of his labor.

Li Zicheng is a native of Shaanxi Province and was born into a peasant family. In the last years of the Ming Dynasty, the eunuchs controlled the government, the emperor hid in the deep palace to pursue his own unique hobbies, the court was made by the eunuchs to make a miasma, the civil and military officials were corrupt and perverted the law, the people were not able to make a living, levied taxes and miscellaneous taxes, and levied tyranny. Catching up with the severe drought in Shaanxi for many years, the people couldn't even eat, and the imperial court not only did not open a warehouse to release grain, but tortured and collected taxes.

Li Zicheng had to become a monk and eat together, the general environment was not good, the temple was also short of food and clothing, and Li Zicheng occasionally needed to herd sheep for the landlord in order to fill his stomach. In the third year of entering the temple, Li Zicheng's parents died of illness.

He saw that the imperial court recruited post soldiers in the bitter cold land of Ningxia, and without parents, he went to work in Ningxia. If nothing else, Li Zicheng will live a stable life. But within a few years of taking office, the post station he was in charge of lost documents, and he was ruthlessly expelled.

When he returned to his hometown, he was penniless, and the ghost of the creditor lingered all day long. When he found out that his wife was having an affair with a man in the village, he killed her in a fit of rage and fled to the border to serve as a soldier.

Li Zicheng killed the enemy bravely in the army, met his own Bole, learned martial arts, and became a brave and good general. However, the imperial court was not strong, and often withheld the rations and military supplies of the soldiers to fight, and Li Zicheng led his soldiers to revolt and no longer served the Ming Dynasty. Li Zicheng was born as a peasant, and he knew what the peasants wanted, so he recruited many armies under the banner of exempting from taxes, and his power was booming.

In the face of the encirclement and interception of the Ming Dynasty army, he ordered some of the troops to pretend to be farmers to cultivate the land, and some of the troops pretended to surrender to the Ming Dynasty army to obtain military supplies and condolences, so that their strength was strengthened step by step.

He was born in Li Jiqian Village, when there was a very serious natural disaster in Shaanxi, but the government did not have a penny of tax relief for the affected farmers, which exacerbated the suffering of the local people's lives, after a series of tribulations, Li Zicheng ran to become a soldier, with his own strength, he had a certain position in the army, and later he went through several rounds to pretend to be his uncle Gao Yingxiang, after the death of his uncle, inherited the title of King Chuang.

Li Zicheng was born at the end of the Ming Dynasty, when the social contradictions were very prominent, so his experience since childhood was still very difficult. Later, a peasant uprising was launched.

He was meant to be just a civilian. After that, he was admitted to the top prize, but he was not taken seriously. Later, after the change of emperor, he began to shine.

He followed Gao Yingxiang at the beginning, was very strategic, and was very brave in the process of fighting, until Gao Yingxiang died, he called himself King Chuang.

1. Reasons for failure.

Li Zicheng's Dashun regime did not establish a solid base area, which left him without a consolidated rear and unable to concentrate his forces when fighting against the Qing army and Wu Sangui's Guanning Iron Cavalry.

Not only did the Dashun army fail to consolidate its base well, but it was unable to even defend the city.

Limitations of the Lee Zicheng Group.

After Li Zicheng arrived in the city of Beijing, he had a great sense of pride, the discipline of the army dropped sharply, and he also made great mistakes in dealing with the surrender of the Ming Dynasty.

Li Zicheng did not concentrate his forces in the crucial battle, the Battle of Shanhaiguan.

2. Character profile.

Li Zicheng (1606-1645), formerly known as Hongji, was the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Ming Dynasty. In his childhood, he shepherded sheep for the landlord and was a post boy in Yinchuan. In the uprising in 1629, he was a general under Gao Yingxiang, the king of Chuang, who was brave and insightful.

At the Xingyang Conference, he put forward a plan for dividing troops and orienting troops and attacking on four fronts, which was approved by the leaders of various departments. After Gao Yingxiang died, he succeeded to the title of King Chuang.

At that time, the Central Plains was suffering from a severe famine and the social class contradictions were extremely acute, so Li Yan put forward slogans such as "Juntian is exempt from taxation", which was welcomed by the broad masses of the people, and the army grew to one million people, becoming the main force in the rebel army. In 1643, he was proclaimed the king of Xinshun in Xiangyang, and annihilated the main force of Sun Chuanting, the governor of Shaanxi in the Ming Dynasty, in Ruzhou, Henan, and occupied Xi'an with victory. In the first month of the following year, the Dashun regime was established, and the era name was Yongchang.

Soon conquered Beijing and overthrew the Ming Dynasty. In April, Dolgon led the Eight Banners Army to join forces with Wu Sangui, the general soldier of the Ming Dynasty, and fought Li Zicheng inside and outside Shanhaiguan. Li Zicheng was defeated, withdrew from Beijing, and led his army to resist in Henan and Shaanxi.

On May 17, 1645, he was mistakenly killed by villagers at the Yuandi Temple on Jiugongshan in Tongcheng, Hubei.

It is said that the limitation of Li Chuang's peasant class lies in the fact that he was not able to complete the class revolution in the true sense, and the result of his rebellion was only to become the ruling class from the ruled class and did not fundamentally change the social system, so he can only be said to be a rebellion rather than a revolution, and since it was a rebellion, his failure must be seen in the context of the social conditions at that time.

If we only analyze it from a strategic point of view, Li Chuang did not stabilize the rear from the time he broke through Tongguan to the time he entered Beijing, and this was also the reason why the stone army was defeated for a thousand miles, and the second was that he knew that he did not have an advantage in the field battle with the other side because he was arrogant.

From a political point of view, because he was born as a peasant and did not change the system, he had to abide by a set of rules of the game of the feudal bureaucracy under the original feudal system, and it is obvious that he broke the rules and did not gain the approval of the ruling class, that is, the landlord class, which led to the final defeat.

Throughout Chinese history, peasant uprisings were the cause of the country's demise, but no one from a peasant background could finally gain power, Liu Bang was a low enough status, but he was still a national civil servant, and Zhu Yuanzhang, although he was a begging for food, he was also a monk, educated, and used religion.

The main reason is that his subordinate Liu Zhongmin killed Chen Yuanyuan, the concubine of Wu Sangui, Wu Sangui originally planned to surrender to Li Zicheng, but when he learned that his concubine was occupied, he joined forces with the Qing army to fight Li Zicheng together, otherwise Li Zicheng would be stable in Beijing. If you want to blame him, blame him for not taking care of his subordinates.

1, the small peasant consciousness of the rebel army is not enough to take on the big task 2, the joint attack of the Eight Banners and Wu Sangui and the Later Ming regime.

The reason is that you can't manage your subordinates well and can't be self-disciplined! It is not possible to change the role of peasant uprising to politician in time!

Proud, arrogant after small achievements, do not pay attention to rectifying the army, and win over forces.

Rogues, just destroy, not produce!

In the early days of Li Zicheng's army, in order to survive, he adopted the principle of mobile warfare. At this time, he had no rear, no baggage, and could only take the method of leviing everywhere. However, as the war situation developed, so did the situation around him.

In the thirteenth year of Chongzhen, Li Zicheng broke into western Henan. At that time, Henan was in drought for a long time, and the hungry people were all over the wilderness, and the people were struggling to make a living. Li Zicheng's team expanded rapidly.

At this time, Li Zicheng adopted the strategy of winning the hearts of the people and taking over the world, attacking cities everywhere and opening warehouses to help the victims. And they spread a ballad, saying that the king of Chuang came and did not pay for food. In addition, the policy of exempting grain from land was set up, stipulating that it would be exempted from taxation for three years.

However, if it is still a small unit in the past, it is possible to do so. But Li Zicheng's army has grown to millions of people, and if he doesn't pay food, how can he maintain his own survival?

In general, there are several ways. The first is the requisition of the rich, opening positions to help the poor, and the rest to fill the army. At that time, it was known as "beating grain." "For example, the method of attacking the manor of the gentry, after the battle, the grain stored in the manor was transported away to serve as military rations. <>

The second is to attack government cities and rely on the seizure of hostile elements' property. For example, Li Zicheng attacked Luoyang, killed King Fu, and captured a large number of people's fat and ointment collected by King Fu. Some of them, "tens of thousands of stones, hundreds of thousands of dollars" to help the hungry.

made Li Zicheng famous, and the team expanded rapidly.

The third is to compare salaries. After entering the city of Beijing, all the ** left by the Ming Dynasty were retained below the fourth grade, and sent to the battalions above the third grade, tortured, and forced to take out money and money. <>

Fourth, develop production. After taking Xiangyang as a base, Li Zicheng was stationed in **, recruited displaced people, distributed rations and seeds to ploughing cattle, divided the fields for cultivation, and collected grain three years later.

Basically, there are several ways to do it. Among them, the comparison had a very bad impact on the Dashun Dynasty, forcing Wu Sangui to rebel and causing the defeat of the Shanhaiguan War. However, according to Liu Zongmin's statement, "The military spends 10,000 dollars every day, and if you don't force it, you can do it."

This is also a solution to the financial difficulties, and there is no way to do it.

Li Zicheng's team usually plundered the grain depot of the local government after attacking the city and seizing the land, so as to supplement the food supply of his army!

Li Zicheng's team mainly fought local tyrants, divided the land, and collected military rations from the landlords and powerful families, and distributed them to the peasants in addition to their own use.

At that time, Li Zicheng's troops were very popular with the people, so he was supported by the people at that time. So a successful uprising can be achieved.

Li Zicheng's peasant army was supplied with grain and grass by robbing rich households, and at the same time, the displaced people were used to open up wasteland to supply the army.

Li Zicheng's million-strong army was supported by robbing rich households and landlords. Li Zicheng was a peasant uprising, so he had a hatred of the rich, and the king did not pay grain, referring to the poor people, excluding the rich, powerful and high-status people.

There are only uneducated people who believe in this kind of talk, who do not pay food or money, what does a regime eat? The person who said this type of thing is a fraud, Li Zicheng will take the money if he confiscates the grain, otherwise even the emperor with the treasury will not be able to withstand it.

When King Chuang came, he didn't pay for food, in fact, it wasn't the case at all, it was just a rebellious slogan played by Li Zicheng to win the popularity of the peasants, and he would also collect some grain from the peasants, because without these grains, King Chuang's own military rations would become a big problem.

Historically, Li Zicheng should have collected very little grain from the common people, and he mainly relied on collecting the grain of the rich households and confiscating the granaries of the government to supply grain and grass after winning the war, so many ordinary people also supported him.

They have always been the food and money of the big households, the big rich people, and the main finances of the peasant rebel army.

This ** is also really good-looking, people are all the same.

Li Chuang led the army all the way from his hometown to Beijing. Everywhere they passed, they were propagandizing to the common people, and ordinary peasants did not need to pay for grain. In this way, the goods have won the support and welcome of the vast number of farmers.

Li Chuang's army entered any city, and all the ** and rich households were imprisoned, and the families of ** and rich families were asked to ransom people.

**According to the official rank, the higher the joint, the higher the ransom, if you can't get the money, then put a heavy object on the body, and those who don't want to be crushed to death will obediently hand over the money. The rich can bargain, they can use money to ransom people, or they can use grain to ransom people, if the rich people are unsuccessful in bargaining, they will be hacked to death, so the rich people are scrambling to pay more money and grain in order to save their lives.

Under these circumstances, Li Chuang and his army quickly amassed a large amount of wealth and food. The entire army did not have to worry about food and pay at all.