The main component of diamond is carbon, so what is the difference between carbon and coal?

Both diamond and graphite have a chemical composition of carbon (C), which scientists call "homogeneous polymorphic variants" or "allotropes". From this designation, it can be known that they have the same "quality", but the "shape" or "nature" is different, and there is a world of difference, diamond is the hardest substance at present, while graphite is one of the softest substances. Everyone knows that the pencil lead is made of graphite powder and clay ratio, graphite powder is soft, with "b" to denote, clay mixed with hard, with "h" to denote.

Mineralogists use Mohs hardness to express relative hardness, with diamond having 10 and graphite having only 1 on the Mohs scale. The key to the big difference in their hardness is that their internal structure is very different.

The carbon atoms inside the graphite are arranged in layers, and only three carbon atoms are connected to one carbon atom around it, and the carbon and carbon form a hexagonal ring, and an infinite number of hexagons form a layer. The connection between the layers is very weak, and the three carbon atoms in the layer are very tightly connected, so it is easy to slide between the layers after being stressed, which is why graphite is very soft and can write.

The carbon atoms inside the diamond are arranged in three-dimensional space in the form of a "skeleton", and four carbon atoms are connected around a carbon atom, so a skeleton is formed in the three-dimensional space, and this structure has a uniform connection force in all directions, and the bonding force is very strong, so the diamond has the characteristics of high hardness.

The hardness of graphite and diamond is so different, but it is still hoped that diamond can be obtained by synthetic methods, because graphite (carbon) is abundant in nature. But it's not so easy to make the carbon in graphite into a diamond-like arrangement. In the late eighteenth century, people began to look for ways to synthesize until the middle of the century.

In 1938, the scholar Rossini laid the theoretical foundation for synthetic diamond through thermodynamic calculations, and calculated that to turn graphite into diamond, it was possible to at least 15,000 atmospheres and 1,500 degrees Celsius under high temperature conditions, and in the 50s and 60s, an instrument device that could achieve the above conditions was built. Graphite can be converted into diamond at a pressure of 5-60,000 atmospheres ((5-6) 103MPa) and a high temperature of 1000 to 2000 degrees Celsius.

At present, more than a dozen countries in the world (including China) have synthesized diamonds. However, because the particles of this kind of diamond are very fine, the main use is to make abrasives, drill bits for cutting, geology, and oil drilling. At present, 80% of the world's diamond consumption is mainly used in industry, and its output far exceeds the production of natural diamond.

The diamond grains that were originally synthesized were black, the size and weighed about carats (the minimum diamond used for gemstones should generally not be less than carats). At present, the large-grain diamonds developed in China are more than 3mm, and the United States, Japan, etc. have made carat diamonds. We say that diamond has "flown out" from graphite, and gem-quality synthetic diamond will also be on the market in the near future.

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Allotropes, the arrangement of atomic bonds is different, diamond is a standard tetrahedral structure, and coal belongs to amorphous carbon.

To put it simply, the structure of a diamond is a spatial reticule, arranged one after the other, while graphite is layered on a stack of books, which is prone to misalignment.

The molecular structure of diamonds is different, and the molecular arrangement of diamonds is in the form of a layered structure, an equilateral hexagonal shape, similar to the nest structure of a bee.

The main thing is that the arrangement of the atoms is different.

The carbon atoms in diamond are arranged in a compact tetrahedral form, the graphite is flaked, and the coal is organic. The molecular formula is also different.

Foxhear is right.

Diamond and graphite are both elemental carbon, while coal is a mixture of carbonaceous compounds and organic matter.

Amorphous carbon refers to activated carbon, a type of carbon element, which has no certain arrangement of carbon atoms.

Quite a few people upstairs are talking nonsense.

The structure is different, the carbon atoms in diamond are arranged in a compact tetrahedral form, the graphite is flaked, and the coal is organic. The molecular formula is also different. The order in which they are arranged is different.

The essence is the same, they are all made of carbon, but the conditions of their composition are different, and their internal spatial structure is also different (chemical bonds), which causes their physical properties to be different Diamonds are atomic crystals. Graphite is between molecular crystals and atomic crystals.

They have the same chemical properties.

It's just that the physical properties are different.

The reason for the difference in physical properties is the different structure and arrangement.

The molecular arrangement is different, so the hardness and crystal color are different.

The main reason is that the molecular arrangement is different.

There is no difference.

It's all carbon. We produce graphite.

Theoretically, you can make diamonds haha.

There are the following differences between diamond and carbon:

1. Diamond: refers to the diamond that has been polished, diamond is a natural mineral, and it is the rough stone of diamond. Diamond is an elemental crystal composed of carbon formed under high pressure and high temperature conditions in the deep part of the earth.

Pure diamonds are colorless and transparent, with different colors due to the mixing of trace elements. Strong adamantine luster;

2. Carbon: It is a non-metallic element, located in the sixth main group of the second period of the periodic table. Carbon is a very common element that is widely present in the atmosphere and crust and living organisms in many forms, and is a black powdery or granular porous crystal.

1. The physical structure is different.

Diamond has a denser structure compared to carbon. The density of diamond is about twice that of carbon. The density of diamond is about, and the density of carbon is about.

2. The physical properties are different.

Each carbon atom of a diamond is tightly bound to the surrounding 4 carbon atoms through strong interactions. The distance between the two carbon atoms that are "tightly bonded" is approximate, resulting in a dense three-dimensional structure that makes diamond the hardest substance that occurs naturally.

Carbon is a layered structure, and in the case of a sheet, every 1 carbon atom is tightly bound to 3 carbon atoms around it through strong interactions, and the distance between the two carbon atoms that are "tightly bonded" is about.

The distance between the layers in the carbon layer is that because the distance is relatively large, the interaction of carbon atoms is weak, so it is easy to slide and crack in the direction parallel to the layer, so the carbon is very soft and has a slippery feeling.

3. The stability is different.

Diamond is less stable than carbon and can be spontaneously converted to carbon, but the speed of this transition is negligible at room temperature and pressure, so diamonds can be stable. Diamonds formed in nature are generally formed in the environment of high temperature and high pressure in the interior of the earth, and are later brought to the surface by geological tectonic movements such as volcanic eruptions, so many diamonds are found near volcanoes.

The main ingredient is the same, all of which are carbon.

The main components of coal are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and small amounts of nitrogen, sulfur or other elements. Sulphur is one of the most important impurities in coal, which usually occurs in the form of sulfides in the combustion products of coal. In some countries, such as the United States, the United States Bureau has set up regulations to control the emission of sulfides, because the removal of such harmful impurities is not low, so the production of low-sulfur coal is rewarded to reduce pollution.

Diamond is an elemental crystal composed of carbon elements formed under high pressure and high temperature conditions in the deep part of the earth, which refers to diamond that has been polished.

The main components are the same, but the formation conditions are different, so their physical properties are very different.

It's hard to believe the relationship between a dull brown-black lump of coal and a sparkling diamond, but they are both made of carbon. So, why do they look different? Is it possible to turn from coal to diamond? Let's find out.

Everyone knows that carbon is one of the most abundant elements in the earth's crust. It is found in different forms of allotropes (structurally different) and can be broadly classified as amorphous and suffocating crystals. The most common amorphous forms of carbon are coal, coke, charcoal, graphite and diamond, while the well-known crystalline forms of these meta-pure elements.

And these crystal structures, in which graphite or diamond are found.

If coal, diamond, and graphite are all made up of carbon, then why do they look different? The answer is that the arrangement of carbon atoms in graphite and diamond is different, giving them a completely different appearance. While in a hexagonal composition of graphite, the arrangement of carbon atoms in the diamond, each carbon atom is composed with four other tetrahedra.

As a result, graphite appears like a sheet layered on top of each other, and the number of carbon atoms in the diamond can form a pyramid-like structure. Whereas, flat graphite sheets absorb different wavelengths of light, hence the opaque black color.

Diamonds are found in carbon in pyramid-like structures that are transparent and sparkling. Coal, which is an amorphous form of carbon, is not exactly pure carbon. In addition to being made up of carbon, decaying plant and animal materials, which have been compressed for millions of years, contain complex organic molecules in the earth's crust.

Coal is subjected to various geological processes that change its chemical composition to form graphite. This process requires the right conditions and millions of years to take place. Diamonds form deep in the Earth's interior, where the temperature and pressure are very high.

They are transported to the earth's surface by molten magma.

In addition to carbon, there is also a high-pressure environment to form diamond. The reason for this hardness is that the physical structure of diamond is a tetrahedron, and the atoms in it are arranged in a regular manner, leaving a large amount of energy after high pressure and high temperature, which makes the hardness of diamond very large.

Diamonds can be formed at various times in the history of the earth, some of the diamonds mined today were formed 2.5 billion years earlier than the appearance of plants, and some diamonds in South Africa are about 4.5 billion years old, which means that soon after the formation of the earth, diamonds began to crystallize in the earth's interior. At the end of the age of dinosaurs, it is said that meteorites hit the earth and caused a large **, and almost all species were affected.

At present, most of the places where diamonds are found are in temperate and tropical zones, which are relatively suitable for life and have a diverse species. It has been reported before that the ashes of humans or animals can be extracted and processed into diamonds through the laboratory and carried around. Diamonds are also made in laboratories that simulate the environment inside the earth.

Diamonds are formed in an ultra-high temperature and ultra-high pressure underground environment. The subterranean environment contains element C or our common carbon, which has been precipitated and accumulated over billions of years, attached to kimberlite and potash, and brought to the surface or near the surface through volcanic eruptions or other forms of crustal movement.

The element is just a basic, and there is a form, carbon exists in a variety of natural objects, living beings are only one of them, and inanimate diamonds are still scarce, at least he is the hardest mainly composed of carbon atoms, but its arrangement is not the same, the arrangement of carbon atoms in general coal is very different from diamonds, just like the same wood made of different shapes of models, their load-bearing capacity is not the same. Since diamond is more stable in its carbon atomic structure, it will be harder. And carbon atoms are not necessarily produced in plants, in fact, it has long been found that there are carbon-containing meteorites in outer space, but it does not mean that plants have grown on this meteorite.

Because the carbon elements of diamonds are very tightly combined, and they are arranged in a very hard combination, it is so hard.

The main reason is that the carbon atoms inside the diamond are very tightly arranged, so it is so hard.

Because it is contained in the depths of the earth's crust, it has been crystallized and purified under high temperature and high pressure for hundreds of millions of years.

Listened to the diamond ring. The first reaction is expensive, why are diamonds so expensive? The thought of this question made a deep impression on the men in it. I believe that many people have their own ideas. Ha ha!

What is the composition of diamonds: The chemical composition of nitrogen dioxide is carbon (propion).

The chemical composition of the bricks are carbon and are made up of carbon atoms.

Crystals that are composed of a regular arrangement.

Diamond is a mineral.

Diamonds are made from diamonds, which are natural minerals. In short, nitrogen dioxide is an elemental crystal composed of carbon elements formed at high pressure and high temperature in the deep layers of the earth. So diamonds are the hardest and simplest gemstones in the world.

Why are diamonds so expensive:

Diamond mining is difficult, things are rare and expensive, and the diamond itself has small reserves, of course, not low. People want to mine diamonds deep underground, which means that diamond mining will be more difficult, and people need to invest more manpower, material and financial resources, and the cost of diamond raw materials will also increase.

The processing process is very troublesome, and the mined diamond raw materials need to go through a series of processes such as separation, polishing, and grading before they can be sold, and each link means an increase in costs.

People's enthusiasm for diamonds and their love for diamonds are also a major reason why diamonds have remained high. "Diamond" means wealth and power, as can be seen in the English name diamond, which comes from the Greek word adams, which means "unconquerable".

The monopoly has increased, and for this reason, the individual is a little uncertain. It is reported that the diamond** has always been controlled by the monopoly, and the result of the monopoly is inflated**.

But friends who visit any treasure and jewelry store can also say diamond rings.

It's not expensive either! According to the DIA identification 4C standard, it is mainly possible to investigate DIA cut, fineness, purity, carat weight, analyze these factors, and investigate the reasons why DIA is not expensive. Internationally, diamond fractions within 1 carat are used as points, with 1 carat equal to 100 points and 1 carat equal to grams.

Generally cheaper diamonds, such as carats, are worth 4 points. What does this mean? Diamonds with a score of less than 20 are collectively referred to as broken diamonds, and generally do not determine the diamond grade, nor do they have a so-called grade certificate.

The value of a diamond connected to a grade certificate can be imagined. Not to mention**. But rings such as rings are not dominated by diamonds, but are decorated with diamonds, so they are not dominated by diamonds, but rings that are dominated by ring settings or rings.