What is the impact of the establishment of the European Union, the timing and significance of the es

The European economy, represented by the European Union, will gradually come out of the trough.

The impact of the European economy on the global economy is self-evident. However, the influence of different regions of Europe varies greatly. Europe can be roughly divided into three parts, Russia, the CIS and other European countries, as well as the three Baltic states, which have little impact on the global economy except for Russia.

The second block is the former Eastern European countries (now commonly referred to as Central and Eastern European countries), which includes 10 countries. They are politically and economically active in moving closer to the European Union, but they have less influence on the global economy. The scale of economic and trade cooperation between Central and Eastern European countries and China is relatively small, and the impact on China is not great.

The third block is the Western European countries represented by the European Union. This area is a major part of the European economy, which has a great impact on the entire world economy and has close ties with our country.

In the 21st century, the EU is likely to accelerate the pace of economic adjustment, and its economic growth rate will continue to maintain a low-speed and stable growth trend. In the first five years of the 21st century, the events that will have an impact on the world economy include the completion of the transition phase of the euro and the official entry into circulation and the eastward expansion of the EU (the fifth enlargement).

Whether the euro can smoothly complete the transition and officially enter circulation will have a great impact on the world economy. On January 1, 1999, the euro was officially unveiled at the same time as the exchange rate of the currencies of the members of the same region. There were high hopes that the euro would be a strong currency, but it soon began to decline as soon as the euro came to power.

The low euro is conducive to the economic development and adjustment of the European Union, which can promote the increase of EU exports, but the low euro is not conducive to the image of the European Union, nor is it conducive to the next expansion of the euro area. How to enhance people's confidence in the euro is an important task for the EU as it enters the new century. The development of the euro is bound to have a significant impact on the international monetary system.

The EU has already started its eastward expansion and is preparing to absorb 10 transition countries and 1 Mediterranean country in Central and Eastern Europe into the EU in batches. If the eastward expansion is successful, the EU will be expanded from the current 15 countries to 26 countries, which will put the EU in a more advantageous position in international competition in the long run.

Although the EU has made considerable progress in the integration process, it also has some difficulties in economic adjustment. For example, the current unemployment rate is still at a high level (10 6 in 1998) and reducing it has become an important social issue in the EU. There are also issues such as economic coordination between eurozone members and other EU members.

Any measures and actions for economic integration must first ensure that the integration of the EU as a whole is not undermined.

Lay the foundation for a multipolar world.

Legal Analysis: Date of Establishment: On December 11, 1991, the European Community held a summit in Maastricht, the Netherlands, and adopted the Treaty on European Union with the goal of establishing the European Economic and Monetary Union and the European Political Union, commonly known as the Maastricht Treaty (hereinafter referred to as the "Maastricht Treaty"), and the European Union was established.

Significance of establishment: For Europe: It promotes the process of European integration, improves the international status of Europe, and promotes the economic development of European countries.

For China: Cooperation with the European Union is conducive to improving China's international status, enhancing the level of China's opening up to the outside world, and promoting China's economic development. China's peaceful rise and the growing development of the European Union are the foundation for the continuous development of bilateral relations.

Legal basis: Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty) Article 1 By adopting this Treaty, the Contracting Parties establish a European Union between themselves, hereinafter referred to hereafter as "the Union". This treaty marks a new stage in the process of building a closer union among the peoples of Europe, and all decisions will be taken in the closest possible connection with the citizens.

The Union shall be based on the European Community, complemented by the policies and forms of cooperation established by this Treaty. Its mission is to integrate relations among Member States and among their peoples in a way that reveals solidarity and coherence.

Legal Analysis: During the existence of the Cold War, Western European countries, with the assistance of the United States, came out of the wounds of war, but they were unable to restore their pre-war international status. In order to strengthen themselves, the countries of Western Europe began to move towards the path of integration.

Legal basis: Treaty on European Union On 7 February 1992, the Treaty on European Union, known as the Maastricht Treaty, was formally signed by the 12 Ministers of Foreign Affairs and Finance of the European Community in the Dutch town of Maastricht.

The treaty stipulates that within the EU it is required to achieve the free movement of capital, to achieve a truly unified market, and to perfectly coordinate economic policies. The treaty provides for the issuance of a single currency within the European Community by 18 January 1999, the adoption of a common external and defence policy and the extension of the powers of the European Parliament.

The full name of the European Union is the European Union, and there are six founding member states: Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg. Now with 28 member states, when was the European Union founded?

On November 1, the European Union was officially born. The founding members of the European Community are France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg.

2. The European Union has a total of 28 member states, with France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg as the founding members, which were formed in 1951. Since then, Denmark, Ireland, the United Kingdom (including Gibraltar) (1973), Greece (1981), Spain and Portugal (1986), Austria, Finland and Sweden (1995) have become members of the European Union.

On May 1, the European Union achieved its largest enlargement in history, with 10 countries joining the EU: Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovenia, Cyprus, Malta, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. On 1 January 2007, Bulgaria and Romania joined the European Union. On 1 July 2013, Croatia joined the European Union.

4. In addition, the EU has also launched accession negotiations with Iceland; Turkey, Macedonia, Montenegro, Albania, Serbia as EU candidate countries; The Stabilization and Association Agreement was signed with Bosnia and Herzegovina.

That's it for when the European Union was founded.

United Kingdom.

On June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom held a referendum to leave the European Union. The result of the vote was to leave the European Union. Shortly after the referendum results were announced, Prime Minister David Cameron, who advocated for Britain to remain in the EU, offered to resign.

The UK's withdrawal from the European Union frees the UK from EU law, the European Single Market and a number of freedom** agreements, and takes back control of immigration policy. The UK officially left the European Union at 11pm (GMT) on 31 January 2020, and subsequently entered a transition period ending on 31 December 2020.

In the referendum on 23 June 2016, some UK voters voted to leave the EU, with the majority of voters coming from the suburbs of England and Wales (outside of Greater London and other major English cities).

On 1 January 1973, Britain joined the European Community, and in 1975 a referendum confirmed the United Kingdom as a member of the European Community.

In the 1970s and '80s, Brexit proposals were mainly made by Labour and trade unionists. From the 1990s onwards, the main proponents were the newly formed British Independence Party (UKIP) and the Brexiteers of the Conservative Party.

Formal withdrawal from the European Union.

On 9 January 2020, the House of Commons voted 330 in favour and 231 against to approve the draft Withdrawal Agreement in third reading. On the evening of January 22, the House of Lords passed the Withdrawal Agreement Act. On January 23, the Queen of England ratified the Brexit agreement.

On January 24, the presidents of the European Commission and the Council of the European Union approved the Brexit agreement. On January 29, the European Parliament approved the Brexit agreement.

On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom officially left the European Union and entered the Brexit transition period. On the same day, the United Kingdom issued about 3 million Brexit commemorative coins.

On October 1, the European Commission called the draft Internal Market Ordinance proposed by British Prime Minister Boris Johnson** in breach of the Withdrawal Agreement and took legal action.

On 24 December 2020, the UK and the EU reached a post-Brexit free agreement, the UK-EU Cooperative Agreement.

On December 26, 2020, the United Kingdom and the European Union simultaneously published the text of the 1,246-page Brexit** agreement, which includes agreements on nuclear and civil nuclear energy, confidential exchange messages, and a series of joint statements. Both houses of the UK Parliament and the European Union have ratified the UK-EU Cooperation Agreement and received Royal Assent from the Queen.

The UK has officially left the EU Single Market and Customs Union from 23:00 GMT on December 31, but Gibraltar will not leave for the time being. The UK-EU Cooperation** Agreement entered into force on 1 January 2021 CET, regulating the free relationship between the UK and the EU after the official exit from the European Union and avoiding a no-deal Brexit.