Why is it that in developed countries, there is no employment problem for universal higher education

China's manufacturing industry is developed and it needs personnel in the production chain, while universities train a large number of high-level people with specialized knowledge, which is not appropriate. The supply is unbalanced and mismatched

There are too many people in our country, and there is a serious disconnect between the professional setting of higher education and the market demand, and the supply of many majors exceeds demand, and the society urgently needs talents, and the colleges and universities have trained few In addition, why is there no employment problem in developed countries? The unemployment rate in the United States is not low, and there are many college graduates.

The reason why the country is good And the people are democratic

The Higher Education Teaching Evaluation Center of the Ministry of Education has officially released the "Report on the Quality of Undergraduate Education in China", which is the official data, and discloses to us the number of college students, college graduates, teaching faculty and so on. Although the data is only counted up to 2016, it is enough to answer the question of how many college students there are in the country.

1. How many college students are there?

From a macro point of view, since the reform of the college entrance examination in 1978, the number of college students has been gradually rising. In the 29 years from 1949 to 1978, China's college students grew at a slower rate, and in the 37 years from 1978 to 2015, the increase began to increase extremely, from 870,000 college students to 36.47 million today.

Looking at the data from 2000 to 2015, from 5.56 million college students in 2000 to 26.25 million college students in 2015. In terms of growth, we find that between 2000 and 2006, the increase was maintained at about 4 million people every two years, but since 2006, the growth rate has gradually slowed down, and later it has tended to increase by about 1 million people every two years.

From the increase in the number of schools, we seem to have found one of the possible reasons for the increase in the number of college students as shown in the figure above. In the 10 years from 2000 to 2010, the number of institutions of higher learning increased dramatically, almost doubling, which means that more students will be able to enter universities. In the five years that followed, the rate of increase slowed.

This has resulted in a relatively stable number of university students.

Second, how many graduates

As of 2016, the enrollment scale of ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities in China was 4.05 million, the number of students exceeded 16.13 million, and the number of ordinary undergraduate graduates exceeded 3.74 million. The following chart shows us the number of undergraduate graduates in the country from 2005 to 2015, with a cumulative total of 10,000.

In fact, this data is the same as the data of students, which means that the vast majority of college students can graduate on time, and it also means greater employment pressure, and what is more severe is that the proportion of undergraduate graduates has increased greatly, indicating that college students are becoming more and more popular, and the employment situation is not optimistic. Lou Lou guessed that this is one of the reasons why more and more people choose to go to graduate school!

3. Trends**

According to the data provided by the China Social Science Network, in 2017, the total enrollment of higher education in the country exceeded 7 million, and the total number of students enrolled in higher education reached 36.99 million, accounting for one-fifth of the total scale of higher education in the world, and in 2018, the number of graduates from ordinary colleges and universities in the country reached 8.2 million. Based on the previous growth rate, the landlord boldly guessed that this year's number should be close to 9 million.

At the same time, the environment of higher education in China has become more diversified and more focused on development, and the number of people who have begun to take the postgraduate examination and go abroad has increased significantly in recent years.

China's college students include junior college students, undergraduate students and graduate students, and graduate students include master's students and doctoral students.

As of 2017, the number of college graduates in China has reached 10,000, and the cumulative number of college graduates from the resumption of the college entrance examination to 2017 has reached 10,000, and this year this data is expected to reach 50 million.

As of 2017, the number of undergraduate graduates in China has reached 10,000, and the cumulative number of undergraduate graduates from the resumption of the college entrance examination to 2017 has reached 10,000, and this data is expected to reach 50 million this year.

From the resumption of the college entrance examination to 2019, the cumulative number of master's graduates in the country is about 10,000, and the number of people with doctoral degrees in the country is currently about 810,000.

Judging from the available data, China's population in 2018 was about 100 million, the working population in 2017 was about 100 million, and the number of junior college students, undergraduates and master's and doctoral students in the country added up to about 100 million, which calculated that the proportion of college students in China in the labor force was about 19%, accounting for about 19% of the total population.

Judging from the trend chart of the number of college graduates, the number of college graduates is increasing every year, and the number of new graduates is more than 100,000 or 200,000 every year, which shows its speed and scale.

After our simple calculation, it is not difficult to find that almost two out of every ten people in the country are college students (here refers to people with a college degree, counted from 1978), and one out of every ten people in the labor force is a college student (people with a college degree since 1978), this proportion is still rising, so it gives people the feeling that college students are everywhere.

In fact, if you exclude junior college students, the number of ordinary undergraduate students is not large, and there are even fewer master's and doctoral degrees, the reason why you feel that there are a lot of college students, this is related to the city where you are located and the circle you are in, if you are in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, then maybe half of the ten people are college students, and the other half are masters or doctors, and similarly, if you are college students yourself or pay more attention to college students, then you will feel that there are more and more college students.

On the one hand, the higher the proportion of college students, it means that more and more people in China are receiving higher education, and the quality of the people is getting better and better, which is a good thing.

On the other hand, the number of college graduates is growing rapidly, and the number of new jobs cannot keep up with the growth of college graduates, so the form of employment will be very severe, which is also the concern of the whole society.

Finally, I hope that contemporary college students can bravely shoulder their responsibilities and make great contributions to the development of the country, and they will not be in vain for the country's cultivation of us.

Europe is mainly from the tertiary sector.

Stable social security makes college students willing to work as workers, do Chinese workers have medical insurance, do they get sick, do they start to buy houses with minimum wage?

Is this okay?

Yes. Although foreign countries also look at academic qualifications, ability is more important. Opportunities are more equal for everyone.

The reason why developed countries train so many college students is because developed countries mainly focus on the service industry and specialize in research and development. Their industrial structure needs so many college students, so the unemployment problem of their college students is not very serious.

China is a big manufacturing country, mainly manufacturing. The manufacturing industry is very simple, and it will be done by just a few migrant workers, so the demand for college students is not very large. And the country trains so many college students every year, so it is inevitable that a large number of college students will be unemployed...

It's not that China's college students are of poor quality or ability, it's that China's industrial structure simply doesn't need so many college students.

The difficulty of foreign college students in finding employment is mainly in themselves, and the problem of employment difficulties for college students in China is mainly in society.

The per capita income is not as high as that of developed countries (and the difference is very high) and the unemployment rate may be lower than that of developed countries (it should not be absolute, but sometimes the unemployment rate in developed countries is relatively high when you look at the news data, and the reason may be because the productivity is strong, and a person's production capacity is very much improved, and the demand is limited).

Welfare is not as good as in developed countries.

There are not as many occupations as in developed countries (there are many chaotic occupations in developed countries, for example, the United States seems to have more than 30,000 occupations, while China only has more than 10,000).

Developed country. Full employment is emphasized because their economies are highly developed and modernized, which has led to a decline in jobs. And developing countries.

There are many jobs in its own economic development, so it will emphasize economic development more!

Previously, there was a topic on the Internet in the United States that was hotly discussed by everyone - China, whether it is a developing country or a developed country.

As of April 2019, China is a developing country.

With the continuous expansion of the scale of the economy and the continuous progress of science and technology, some people at home and abroad have misjudged the current stage of development and the level of development that China is no longer a developing country.

A small number of people with ulterior motives in the international community have preached the "theory of killing with sticks" and "the theory of collapse" in the past few years to no avail, and in recent years they have preached the "theory of praising and killing" and "the theory of responsibility," comparing China with some big developed countries. In this regard, we must have a sober and objective understanding. From the perspective of per capita level, industrial structure, employment structure, innovation ability, balance and adequacy of development, China is still the largest developing country in the world.

To measure the true level of development of a country, we should not only look at the size of its economic aggregate, but also look at its per capita level. Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has achieved remarkable achievements in average annual growth, with a GDP of one trillion US dollars in 2017, ranking second in the world, and the gap between China and the United States in terms of total volume has been further narrowed, and its contribution to the world economy has exceeded 30% for many years.

However, judging from the per capita level, the characteristics of China's developing countries have not fundamentally changed. According to World Bank data, China's per capita GDP in 2016 was 8,123 US dollars, about 80% of the world average (10,190 US dollars), only 1 7 of the United States (57,638 US dollars), ranking 68th in the world.

China is actually equivalent to a moderately developed country economically, but China is still quite backward in many aspects, China is rich and the people are poor, and there are many aspects that need to be improved, so China should be a developing country in terms of comprehensive strength.

It must be a developing country, and it is still engaged in infrastructure construction everywhere, why is it not a developing country?

South Korea, a medium-sized developing country, is the peak of developing countries, and Japan is a developed country.

The housing prices in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen are more than 100,000, what do you say?

It's a developing country There is a history book for this junior high school, and the reason why China has a ten-year plan is to become a developed country as soon as possible.

It is a developed country in the third world.

In terms of comprehensive national strength, it can rank among the top few in developed countries.

In fact, Western countries have never recognized China as a third world country, and according to China's current level of development, this is indeed the case.

Recently, Germany has introduced a policy: stop economic aid to China! The reason is: there is no shortage of money in China now!

China is still a developing country.

Hehe, China is a developing country that is working hard to become a moderately developed country.

Whether or not we can become a developed country depends on the efforts of our younger generation.

Developing countries. Always a developing country.

It should be similar to now, there are no major breakthrough technologies, and it should still be the best job for computers and the like.