The first scientists to study atmospheric pressure were the first to measure the value of atmospheri

Italian physicist Galileo.

The first scientist to measure the value of atmospheric pressure was the Italian scientist Torricelli.

As early as 1643, the Italian scientist Torricelli filled a 1-meter-long thin glass tube filled with mercury (mercury) and placed it upside down in a tank containing mercury, and found that the mercury in the glass tube dropped to a height of about 760 mm and then stopped falling. The space above this 760 mm scale has no air entering and is a vacuum.

Torricelli deduced that the pressure of the atmosphere was equal to the pressure generated by the mercury column, which is known as Torricelli's experiment. The standard atmospheric pressure is: Pascal) and is equal to 760 mmHg (millimeter mercury (mercury) column).

The magnitude of atmospheric pressure was first measured in 1643 by the Italian scientist Galileo's student Torricelli, who used glass tubes and mercury to first measure the height of the mercury column supported by atmospheric pressure, and calculated the specific value of atmospheric pressure.

Tori Ricelli with 5261 tester, mercury, 1 meter above 4102 long glass tube (or 1653 two glass tubes connected with a rubber tube in between), sink (beaker).

On June 20, 1643, the Italian scientist Torricelli first carried out this experiment, hence the name Tori Sharp Sharp Experiment. This experiment measured the magnitude of 1 standard atmosphere.

The first experiment to measure atmospheric pressure was carried out in 1643 by the Italian astronomer and physicist Evangelista Torricelli. At that time, Torricelli was Galileo's assistant, and he was interested in the study of gas mechanics, so he began to study the pressure of gases. Torricelli's experimental principle is to fill a vertical glass tube about a meter long with mercury, then seal one end of the glass tube tightly, and then turn the other end upside down into a pool of mercury.

In this way, the height of the mercury in the tube can be observed. At that time, it was believed that atmospheric pressure existed because the air pressed down on the pool of mercury, so the mercury would rise to a specific height.

However, the results of Torricelli's experiments unexpectedly proved this perception wrong. He found that when he turned the glass tube upside down, the mercury did not drop to the expected height, but instead, it stayed somewhere inside the glass tube. The height of this position from the nozzle is about 76 cm, which is known as the Richelli air pressure in the tolls and socks.

Torricelli argues that mercury at this altitude is exposed to the atmosphere and is suppressed by the air, while the mercury inside the pool is not subjected to the same pressure. Therefore, this altitude represents the atmospheric pressure. His discovery was considered an important discovery in gas mechanics by the public call Kaiji, as it revealed that the pressure of the gas is generated by the weight of the air.

This experiment also ushered in a new era in which the physical properties of gases and the behavior of the atmosphere were studied. It not only made great contributions to the development of physics, but also provided an important foundation for the development of meteorology and aeronautics. Torricelli's experiments are an important landmark in the history of physics and have left a legacy for posterity.

The first scientist to measure the value of atmospheric pressure was an Italian.

Torricelli. In general, atmospheric pressure increases with altitude.

Minish. Test Center: Atmospheric pressure measurement method; The relationship between atmospheric pressure and altitude

Analysis: The earliest experiment to measure atmospheric pressure is called the Torricelli experiment, which is named after Italian scientists Atmospheric pressure is due to the gravity of the atmosphere, so the thinner the air is the higher you go, and the lower the atmospheric pressure

The first scientist to measure the value of atmospheric pressure was the Italian Torricelli, who completed this experiment in 1643;

The atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude, because the air becomes thinner and less dense as you go higher up

So the answer is: Torrica, decrease

Comments: The Torricelli experiment is a famous experiment related to atmospheric pressure, which is what we should understand The relationship between atmospheric pressure and altitude is also one of the most basic physical laws, and it is also something we should be familiar with

Torricelli experiments.

Torricelli experimenter (type J2116), mercury, 1 meter long glass tube (or two glass tubes connected with a rubber tube in between), beaker, red water. This experiment was first carried out by the Italian scientist Torricali, hence the name Torricelli experiment. This experiment measured the magnitude of 1 standard atmosphere.

It was the Magdeburg hemispheric experiment. On May 8, 1654, Otto von Gorlick, then mayor of Magdeburg, conducted a scientific experiment on the outskirts of present-day Regensburg, Germany, in order to prove the existence of atmospheric pressure, in order to prove the existence of a vacuum.

For experiments, Glick created two hollow copper hemispheres about 50 centimeters (20 inches) in diameter, with a layer of oil-soaked leather in the middle of them to allow the two hemispheres to fit perfectly.

One of the hemispheres has a connecting tube for connecting the vacuum pump, which is closed by a valve. When the air between the two hemispheres is pumped out, the two hemispheres are squeezed together by the surrounding atmosphere.

Glick then divided the 16 horses into two groups and pulled the two hemispheres in opposite directions. The 16 horses made a loud noise as they tried their best to pull the two hemispheres apart at the end, like cannons.

The onlookers were taken aback, and Glick took the opportunity to tell them that it was "the power of air". If you unscrew the valve on the copper hemisphere, the air flows through the valve into the ball, and the ball opens with a pull of the hand.

Magdeburg Hemispheric Experiment.

The most famous experiment in history to prove the existence of atmospheric pressure was the Magdeburg Hemispheric Experiment in 1654 on the town square of Magdeburg, Germany. The Magdeburg hemispheric experiment proved that atmospheric pressure exists and is very strong.

In the experiment, the air in the two hemispheres was pumped out, so that the number of air particles in the balls decreased and decreased. The atmosphere outside the sphere compresses the two hemispheres together, so it is not easy to separate. The more air is removed, the greater the pressure on the hemispheres and the less likely it is for the two hemispheres to separate.

The most famous experiment in history to prove the existence of atmospheric pressure was the Magdeburg Hemispheric Experiment in 1654 on the town square of Magdeburg, Germany

So the answer is: Magdeburg hemisphere

The existence of atmospheric pressure was first proved by the famous Magdeburg Hemispheric Experiment, which used two copper hemispheres pumped together in a vacuum to strongly prove the existence of atmospheric pressure

So the answer is: Magdeburg hemispheric experiment

The first scientist to measure the value of atmospheric pressure was an Italian.

Torricelli. In general, atmospheric pressure increases with altitude.

Minish. Test Center: Atmospheric pressure measurement method; The relationship between atmospheric pressure and altitude

Analysis: The earliest experiment to measure the atmospheric pressure is called the Torricelli experiment, which is named after an Italian scientist The atmospheric pressure is generated by the gravity of the atmosphere, so the higher the altitude, the more scarce the air is, and the lower the atmospheric pressure

Answer: Solution: The first scientist to measure the value of atmospheric pressure was the Italian Torricelli, who completed this experiment in 1643;

The atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude, because the air becomes thinner and less dense as you go higher up

So the answer is: Torrica, decrease

Comments: The Torricelli experiment is a well-known experiment related to atmospheric pressure, which is what we should understand The relationship between atmospheric pressure and high volcanic band degree is also one of the most basic physical laws, and it is also something we should be familiar with

a. Galileo's main contributions were in the field of mechanics and astronomy;

b. Newton's contribution to physics is mainly in the mechanics part, such as the three laws of Newton's motion in Laxiangsui;

c. Archimedes' main contribution is to prove the lever equilibrium condition and summarize the Archimedes' principle;

d. Torricelli was the first to measure the value of atmospheric pressure

Therefore, choose D