Computer Motherboard Repair Technology 5, Computer Motherboard Repair Technology

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The motherboard is a key component of the entire computer and plays a vital role in the computer. If the motherboard fails, it will affect the work of the entire PC system. Below, let's take a look at the most common faults in the use of the motherboard.

Common fault 1: no display at startup The computer has no display when it is turned on, and the first thing we need to check is BIOS. The BIOS of the motherboard stores important hardware data, and the BIOS is also a relatively fragile part of the motherboard, which is very vulnerable to damage, and once damaged, it will cause the system to fail to operate.

Generally, all the data in the hard disk will be lost after the BIOS is damaged by the virus, so we can judge whether the BIOS is damaged by detecting whether the hard disk data is intact

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Symptoms of a broken motherboard: freeze, blue screen

1.Motherboard capacitor burst is the most common motherboard failure, the fault is like the computer restarts from time to time, the system is unstable, because it is a power supply module, so if the capacitor drum is too much, it may be unresponsive to boot or no display of fan to display.

2.If the motherboard chip is damaged, it means that the boot is unresponsive or all fans are turning, and the display is unresponsive. In addition, if it can be turned on, it does not necessarily mean that the hardware is fine.

Causes of motherboard damage

Man-made faults: live plugging and dialing of IO cards, as well as improper force when installing board cards and plugs, causing damage to interfaces, chips, etc. Poor environment: static electricity often causes the chips on the motherboard (especially CMOS chips) to be broken down.

In addition, when the motherboard encounters power supply damage or spikes in the grid voltage, it often damages the chips near the power plug of the system board. If the motherboard is covered with dust, it can also cause a short circuit in the signal, etc.

Common maintenance methods for motherboards

1.Observational method

First of all, check whether the motherboard has traces of burnout, whether the appearance is damaged, check whether the plugs and sockets are skewed, whether the resistors and capacitor pins collide, whether the chips are cracked, and whether the copper foil on the motherboard is burned. There are many cases of damage to the electrolytic capacitor on the motherboard, and it is easy to find it through observation, and once there is a problem, you can find a matching capacitor to replace it, and the problem can be solved.

2.Cleaning method

First, use a brush or other cleaning tool to remove the dust on the motherboard to solve the short-circuit fault caused by excessive dust, and then use an eraser to wipe off the oxide layer on the surface of the board to avoid the board from malfunctioning due to poor contact between the board and the motherboard.

3.Plug and swap method

This method can determine whether the fault is on the motherboard or on the i 0 device. The specific operation is to exchange the same type of plug-in board or chip, and then judge the fault according to the change of the fault phenomenon. It is mainly used in easy-to-swap maintenance environments, such as memory self-test errors, and the same memory module can be swapped to determine the cause of the failure.

4.Software Diagnostics

Software diagnostics is a method of auxiliary hardware repair of the motherboard through the diagnostic program or test software that comes with it, and the principle is to identify the fault location by sending data and commands through the diagnostic software to read the status of the line and chip. This method is suitable for checking various interface circuit faults and various circuit faults with address parameters.

The computer motherboard is one of the important components of the computer, it carries the core components of the computer's operation, and once it fails, the entire system will be paralyzed. Therefore, repairing the computer motherboard is an important task, but due to the complex structure of the motherboard, the maintenance is difficult, and the support of technology and experience is required, the following are some ways to repair the computer motherboard:

1.Check the power supply of the motherboard: If the motherboard has no power, or the voltage is unstable, then the computer will not work properly. First check the power supply of the motherboard, including checking the power cord, checking the power chip, and checking whether the capacitors on the motherboard are available.

2.Check the motherboard interface: There are many interfaces on the motherboard of the computer (such as graphics card interface, memory slot, CPU slot, etc.), if the interface is loose or disconnected, it is likely to cause the computer to fail to boot.

It is necessary to check whether these ports are securely connected, which involves some details such as the direction of the slot, the insertion angle, etc.

3.Check the motherboard chips: There are many chips on the computer motherboard (such as BIOS chips, southbridge chips, northbridge chips, etc.), and if these chips fail, it will also lead to the failure of the computer.

It is necessary to use professional test tools to check the status of the chip and check whether the wiring on the chip is normal.

4.Replace motherboard parts: If the motherboard fails, some parts may need to be replaced, such as capacitors, resistors, diodes, transistors, etc., and you need to figure out the model and parameters of the replaced parts, and then disassemble and replace them.

5.Check other problems: If the above methods cannot solve the problem of computer failure, you can also check some other problems, such as checking whether there are scratches and burn marks on the motherboard, and you can also check the status of the switch on the motherboard and the DSU pins of the connection disk to find out the root cause of the computer failure.

In general, repairing computer motherboards requires a certain amount of technical reserves and experience accumulation to find problems, determine problems, and solve problems. In addition, you also need to bring some tools, such as testing tools, replacement equipment, welding tools, etc. Repairing a motherboard is a technical task that we need to take seriously.