What are the differences between ancient Chinese characters?

I suggest you look up the Old Chinese Dictionary.

There are oracle bone inscriptions, gold inscriptions, stone drum inscriptions, large seals, official scripts, regular scripts, etc.

The oracle bone inscriptions, found in Yinxu in Anyang City, Henan Province, China, are a cultural product of the Shang Dynasty (c. 17th century BC - 11th century BC) and have a history of about 3,600 years.

Oracle, with a symmetrical, stable pattern. The three elements of calligraphy are the use of the pen, the knot, and the chapter. Judging from the number of fonts and the way they are structured, oracle bone inscriptions have developed to a more rigorous and systematic script.

Brief introduction. In 2005, Professor Liu Fengjun, a famous archaeologist and director of the Institute of Fine Arts and Archaeology of Shandong University, discovered and named it as "bone inscription", and identified the carving tools as agate and other acute-angled gemstones, which were formed between 4600 and 3300 years, which was a popular text in the Longshan cultural period. Since the end of 2010, researcher Ding Zaixian, a well-known scholar and full-time vice president of Shandong Tourism Industry Association, has successfully and systematically deciphered the bone inscriptions, and comprehensively discussed the inheritance relationship with oracle bone inscriptions and modern Chinese characters from the aspects of the origin and structure of the characters, arguing that it is the source of Chinese characters.

The differences between ancient and modern Chinese characters are as follows:

1. The glyphs are different.

Ancient Chinese characters were mostly hieroglyphics, ideograms, that is, some characters could roughly deduce their meaning from their constituent components.

Modern Chinese characters are flat square Chinese characters. The strokes of the Chinese characters are orderly distributed in a flat box.

2. The writing characteristics are different.

Ancient Chinese characters: Writing is more cumbersome.

Modern Chinese characters: Compared to ancient Chinese characters, the writing is simple and straightforward.

3. The glyph characteristics are different.

Ancient Chinese characters: Glyphs belong to pictographs, which are generally written according to the meaning of the characters.

Modern Chinese characters: The glyphs are relatively simple and slowly simplified.

4. The impact is different.

Ancient Chinese characters: It is one of the oldest scripts in the world, and its influence on the surrounding area is also very huge, and it is the mother character of other scripts. It is a written symbol that records events. It is of great significance for modern research.

Modern Chinese characters: Evolved from pictographs (epigraphs) to phonetic ideographs, but the general system is still ideograms.

Original:

Dong Yuzi is straightforward, and he is studious in nature. In Xingping, Guanzhong was disturbed, and his brother Ji Zhong was simmered with General Duan. He often holds the scriptures hostage, and reads them in idleness, and his brother laughs at them and does not change.

Yu Shanzhi "Lao Tzu", for "Lao Tzu" as a commentary. He is also good at "Zuo's Biography", and even more "Zhu Mo is different", people have learned from scholars, but they are unwilling to teach, and Yun: "must be the first; Read it a hundred times! Words: "Read a book a hundred times, and its meaning will be seen by itself." ”

From the scholar cloud: "Bitter thirst has no day." ”

Yu Yan: "When it is 'three more'." ”

Or ask the meaning of "three more". "The winter is more than the year, the night is the day, and the rainy is the time." "From all beings, there are few encounters and learnings.

Vernacular translation: Dong Yu, the word Ji Zhi. He is simple and honest, and likes to learn from the Lord since he was a child.

During the Xingping period of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, Li Yu and others in Guanzhong made a rebellion, and Dong Yu and his brother went to their friend Duan Xuan. Dong Yu and his brother went into the mountains to collect firewood, carried it back and sold it for a few dollars (to maintain their lives), every time they went to collect firewood, Dong Yu always brought books, and whenever he was free, he took them out to read, his brother laughed at him, but he still read his books. Dong Yu studied "Lao Tzu" very much and annotated it.

He also worked "The Biography of Zuo in the Spring and Autumn Period", and according to his research experience, he wrote "Zhu Mo Different". A nearby scholar asked him to give a lecture, but he refused to teach, but said to them: "Read a book a hundred times, and you will see its righteousness."

The person who asked for advice said, "(You have a point), but I don't have time." Dong Yu said

'Three surplus' time should be used."

Someone asked: What is "Sanyu"? Dong Yu said: "Three more is three kinds of free time.

In winter, there is not much farm work. It's a free time of year; At night, it is inconvenient to work in the field, which is the free time of the day; On rainy days, it is not good to go out to work, and it is also a kind of free time. ”

Definition. When people use the term "ancient Chinese", it is given three different meanings in different contexts: ancient Chinese, ancient Chinese, and classical Chinese.

Ancient Chinese first refers to "ancient Chinese". That is to say, the language spoken by the Han people before the May Fourth Movement can be broadly referred to as ancient Chinese. Ancient Chinese has a history of more than 3,000 years.

Like everything evolves, language evolves.

Over the past 3,000 years, the Chinese language has changed a lot. According to the changes in Chinese grammar, vocabulary and phonetics, scholars divide ancient Chinese into three periods of development: the ancient period, the middle period, and the modern period.

The Antiquity period refers to the period before the 3rd century, that is, the historical Shang, Zhou, Qin and Han dynasties; The Middle Ages refers to the 4th century to the 12th century, that is, the historical Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and the Two Song Dynasties; The modern period refers to the 13th century to the 19th century, that is, the historical Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.

Paleography is one of the research directions of Chinese language and literature, and there is no difference between the two. The research direction of Chinese language and literature is divided into ancient Chinese and modern Chinese. Exam Subjects:

101 Ideological and Political Theory. 201 English one or 202 Russian or 203 Japanese. 611 Chinese Comprehensive.

803 Introduction to Linguistics. F005 Linguistic Applications. Paleographies belong to one of the research directions of Chinese language and literature, and there is no difference between them.

The major of Chinese Language and Literature mainly cultivates students to master the basic knowledge of Chinese language and literature, and receives systematic education and basic training in professional ability in terms of theory, development history, research status, etc., and can be engaged in research and teaching in scientific research institutions, colleges and universities, and some can be engaged in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This professional type has a solid foundation in Chinese language and literature. Humanistic literacy, familiar with the basic knowledge of Chinese language and Chinese literature, strong aesthetic ability and Chinese expression ability, preliminary language and literature research ability, and a certain cross-cultural communication ability, can be engaged in cultural, educational, publishing, media institutions and other enterprises and institutions engaged in the use of Chinese language and writing related to the use Chinese of Chinese language and literature interdisciplinary talents.

It is suitable for specialized personnel engaged in language and writing work in party and government organs, including newspaper and periodical publicity, press and publication, film and television culture, Internet, foreign exchanges, and other enterprises and institutions.

Chinese characters are only symbols that mark the language, it does not fully correspond to Chinese, and it can be used by other languages to mark words with actual meanings, such as Korean and Japanese. Chinese is the language of the Han people, and language is a form of oral expression, which can only be passed on to future generations with the help of writing.

Words can have two meanings: one is an isolated written symbol, such as a Latin alphabet or a Chinese character, which is just an isolated symbol and has nothing to do with the language until it is associated with the language; Another implication is that a certain language is written in a system, which is related to language but not equivalent.

The differences between Chinese and Chinese are as follows:

Chinese (Chinese) is another name for Chinese characters in a broad sense, and in a narrow sense, it refers only to simplified Chinese characters in Chinese mainland. In a broad sense, there are more than 1.7 billion users of Chinese (Chinese characters), including the whole of China (mainland China, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan) and Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar and other areas of the Chinese character cultural circle. Since the two concepts of folk "language (language)" and "wen (character)" are not separated, Chinese has also become a folk colloquial term for the Chinese language family, including writing system and pronunciation system, generally referring to standard language.

汉语 (hànyǔ), also known as Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, etc., belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language family, with at least 1.5 billion speakers, is the official language of China and Singapore, and is also one of the six working languages of the United Nations, mainly circulating in China and Singapore, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries, as well as the Chinese community in the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and other countries. Generally speaking, Chinese refers to Mandarin. Chinese is analytical, with three to fifteen tones.

The Chinese writing system Chinese characters are a kind of phonetic script, which has both ideographic and phonetic functions. The Chinese language consists of two parts, the spoken language and the written language, the ancient written Chinese is called classical Chinese, and the modern written Chinese is called the vernacular, which is based on the modern standard Chinese.