On the question of wars and treaties in modern Chinese history

Among the five major unequal treaties in modern China is the Treaty of Nanjing

Treaty of Tianjin, Treaty of Xincho

Treaty of Shimonoseki, Treaty of Beijing, etc. China's 5 major unequal treaties in modern China The main contents of the Nanjing Treaty are the five ports of trade, the cession of Hong Kong, the extortion of compensation, the agreement of 21 million silver dollars, the abolition of the original Qing system, and the permission of freedom, etc., and the Nanjing Treaty is the first unequal treaty in China's modern history.

The main content of the treaty of Tianjin was to open an additional commercial port, pay 4 million taels of silver to Britain and 2 million taels of silver to France, and allow foreign missionaries.

Missionaries freely went to the interior, and foreign merchant ships could also travel to and from various ports on the Yangtze River.

The Treaty of Beijing included the Sino-British Treaty of Beijing, the Sino-French Treaty of Beijing, and the Sino-Russian Treaty of Beijing, and the main contents of the treaty included the payment of indemnity, the opening of commercial ports, the establishment of consulates, and the cession of the first district of the Kowloon Division to the British.

The main contents of the Xinchou Treaty were compensation of 100 million taels of silver, the demarcation of the embassy boundary, the demolition of the Dagu fort, and the permission of the foreign powers to send troops to be stationed in Beijing to Shanhaiguan.

Important places along the railway.

The main contents of the Treaty of Shimonoseki were land cession, indemnity, and the opening of treaty ports, while allowing Japan to open factories in China.

The Treaty of Nanjing, the Treaty of Beijing, the Treaty of Tianjin, the Sino-Russian Treaty of Aihui, the Treaty of Shimonoseki, and the Treaty of Xincho

Summary. >, this was the first unequal treaty in China's modern history, and China began to degenerate into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal state. >, this was the first unequal treaty in China's modern history, and China began to degenerate into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal state.

Is there any other reason?

No, this treaty is the most important and influential one.

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The order is as follows

1840 Treaty of Nanking was signed;

1844 Treaty of Wangxia;

1844 Whampoa New Covenant signed;

1858 Treaty of Tientsin;

1860 Treaty of Aihui;

1860 Treaty of Peking;

In 1864, the Treaty of Survey and Demarcation of the Northwest Boundary was signed;

1875 Revised Treaty;

In 1885, the Sino-French New Treaty was signed;

1895 Treaty of Shimonoseki signed;

In 1900, the Treaty of Xin Sui Han Gao Chou was signed 21 articles.

In 1842, the Qing Dynasty was forced to negotiate a treaty with the British in the Jinghai Temple in Nanjing, and the two sides negotiated the treaty in the temple four times. On August 29, the Chinese Qing Dynasty accepted all the terms of peace proposed by the British.

The Treaty of Nanjing, the first unequal treaty between China and Britain in modern times, was formally signed on board the British flagship "Khan Hua", which met most of the British requirements. Main content:

1. Ceded Hong Kong Island to the British. (Loss of territorial sovereignty).

2. Guangzhou, Xiamen, Fuzhou, Ningbo and Shanghai will be opened as treaty ports, and British people will be allowed to set up consulates in treaty ports. (loss of sovereignty).

3. China paid 21 million yuan in compensation to the United Kingdom. The components of 21 million yuan are: 6 million to compensate opium, 3 million to repay British debts, and 12 million to pay off British military expenses. (Massive outflow).

4. The tax on British imports and exports in China shall be jointly agreed between China and the United Kingdom. (loss of tariff sovereignty).

5. British merchants were free to trade with Chinese merchants without the restriction of "public rulers". (loss of sovereignty).

In the year of the Xinchou Treaty, the Qing Dynasty was forced to sign the "Xinchou Treaty" with Russia, Britain, Germany, France, the United States, Japan, Italy, Austria and other countries

2.The main content of the treaty: clear **indemnity**100 million taels, guaranteed by customs and other taxes; pledge to strictly prohibit the people from foreign aggression; demolish the Dagu Fort and allow the Diyin Leasehold to send troops to garrison important areas along the railway from Beijing to Shanhaiguan; Beijing's Dongjiaomin Lane is designated as an "embassy boundary", allowing troops from various countries to be stationed for protection, and Chinese are not allowed to live.

3.The impact of the "Xinqiao Treaty" on China: The imperialists extorted huge reparations from China, with a total of ** billion taels of principal and interest, which became a sign of a heavy burden on the Chinese people.

The Xincho Treaty seriously undermined China's sovereignty. In this way, the Qing Dynasty completely became an instrument of imperialist domination of China. The Treaty of Xincho plunged China completely into the abyss of a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.

The Treaty of Nanjing, the Treaty of Beijing, the Treaty of Tianjin, the Treaty of Xincho, the Treaty of Aihui, the Treaty of Shimonoseki, the Treaty of Wangxia, and so on.

Sino-British Treaty of Nanjing, Five-Port Trade Charter, and Humen Treaty

2.Sino-US Treaty of Mong-Ha

3.Sino-French Treaty of Huangpu

4.Sino-British Treaty of Tientsin

5.Sino-French Treaty of Tianjin

6.Sino-Russian Treaty of Aihui

7.Sino-Russian Treaty of Tientsin

8.Sino-American Treaty of Tientsin

9.Sino-British Treaty of Beijing

10.Sino-French Treaty of Beijing

11.Sino-Russian Treaty of Beijing

12.Sino-US Renewal Treaty

13.Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Tientsin

14.Sino-Russian Treaty of Ili

15.Sino-British Treaty of Yantai

16.The Sino-French Conference Condensed Treaty:

17.The Franco-Chinese New Testament

18.Sino-Japanese Treaty of Shimonoseki

19.Sino-Japanese Treaty of Settlement of Southern Liaoning

20.Treaty of Xincho