During the Song Dynasty, how did you attach importance to education?

During the Song Dynasty, in order to strengthen education, the imperial court at that time set up the first official school and the local official school, and later in order to promote the continuous development of education, even built academies, and also promoted the development of Mongolian learning, resulting in the rapid development of education in the Song Dynasty.

First, the establishment of government schools.

In ancient times, because of the importance of family rank, most of the children of the official eunuchs and nobles at that time were studying in the ** official school. The ** official school was established by Guozijian, and it also set up Guozixue and Taixue to teach scriptures, as well as martial arts, law, medicine, arithmetic, calligraphy, painting and so on.

2. The establishment of local government schools.

The Song Dynasty would set up various local schools in the local area, and at the same time, there would also be a local education administrator in the local area, who would be mainly responsible for supervision. At that time, the local government school was mainly responsible for teaching Confucianism in the Four Books and Five Classics, and at the same time, an elementary school was established in-house. At that time, the imperial court even allocated land as a fund for education in order to have enough funds for government education.

Later, with the development of science and technology education and martial arts education, the later Song Dynasty even set up medicine in the local area.

3. The establishment of the academy.

Although the academy was founded in the Tang Dynasty, during the Song Dynasty, although many official schools were established, because of the restrictions on household registration, so in order to allow more people to receive education, the Song Dynasty at that time established the academy. In the case of the college, there is no restriction on where you are from, and students can choose their favorite teachers according to their preferences. At that time, the establishment of the academy was mainly to cultivate people's sentiments and character, so the academy at that time was mainly for students to study on their own, or the teaching method for students and teachers to discuss together, and the college would also provide a large number of books for students to use, and the purpose of opening the academy was mainly to be able to teach freely.

In the later period of China's feudal system, the rulers at that time mainly relied on the imperial examination to select talents, thus ignoring the schools that cultivated talents. Later, with the continuous development of the times, the rulers gradually ignored the importance of schools, and the opening of schools was only a formality. After the Song Dynasty, the relationship between education and school gradually received the attention of the rulers.

The imperial court will provide subsidies for young children to go to school, and encourage children to go to school, and give ** rewards to children who have reached a certain number of years.

In order to educate people, the Song Dynasty built the first official school and the local official school to facilitate students to go to school. A seowon was also built to give lectures freely.

In order to educate the next generation, government schools were established in many places at that time, and seowon were built in many places in order to provide the best education for children.

Multi-faceted training.

Behind the prosperous culture of the Song Dynasty is inseparable from the excellent inheritance of children's enlightenment education. Children's education in the Song Dynasty mainly included the teaching of ethics and morality, the learning of cultural knowledge and the cultivation of lifestyle. The influence of children's education in the Song Dynasty was still very far-reaching, and the cultivation of the above three aspects is similar to the education method of moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic and all-round development that we receive today.

The education of the Song Dynasty was mainly based on the Cheng Zhu school of science, with Donglu's Limb Infiltration University, Zhongyong, Analects, and Mencius as the basic teaching books. Zhu Xi also compiled "Children's Instructions" and "Primary School", and "Primary School" is the basic book for children.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Yingtian Academy was known as the Four Great Academies along with Bailudong Academy in Lushan, Jiangxi, Yuelu Academy in Changsha, Hunan, and Songshan Academy in Songshan, Henan. During the Song Zhenzong, because of the remembrance of Taizu and self-proclaimed emperor, when Tianshun was right, Songzhou (now Shangqiu), where Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin was born, was changed to Yingtianfu in 1006, and in 1014, it was promoted to Nanjing, and the status of the capital was accompanied. In l009, Song Zhenzong officially gave the academy the title of "Ying Tianfu Academy".

During the reign of Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty, in l043, the Yingtian Academy was changed to Nanjing Guozijian, making it one of the highest institutions of learning in the Northern Song Dynasty. The predecessor of Yingtian Academy was a private school run by Yang Wei in the Later Jin Dynasty, and later through the efforts of his student Qi Tongwen, it was able to develop and produce many talents. Fan Zhongyi, a famous politician and writer, is one of them.

Later, with the support of Cao Cheng and others, especially the prefect of Yingtian and the famous writer Yan Shu, the academy was greatly expanded. Fan Zhongyan and a number of other celebrities and famous teachers teach here, and they are even more talented and prosperous.

During the Song Dynasty, there were:

Bailudong Academy, Yuelu Academy, Yingtianfu Academy, Songyang Academy, Shigu Academy, Maoshan Academy (the Song Dynasty academies in Anhui include Xihu Academy, Longmian Academy, Bagui Academy, Ziyang Academy and Tianmen Academy).

The Song Dynasty was an important period for the emergence and development of ancient academies, and the historical background of the emergence of academies was relatively complex, which was the product of the special political and educational environment at that time. We can summarize several important reasons: (1) The government school has been in a state of depression for a long time, and the emergence of academies is inevitable, filling the gap in government learning.

2) The growing scale of the Northern Song Dynasty imperial examination promoted the development of academies. (3) The imperial court advocated Confucianism and encouraged private schools. (4) The influence of Buddhist Zen forests.

5) The popularization and application of engraving and printing technology has promoted the development of the book industry, thus providing convenience for various teaching and research activities of the college.

Teaching characteristics: 1) Combination of teaching and research. (2) The lecture system prevails and advocates the contention of a hundred schools. (3) The door is open in teaching, and teachers and students have a broad vision; "The academy gathers the handsome talents from all over the world, not just in one domain.

4) Learning is based on personal study, and the teacher "shows it from the beginning to the end". (5) The relationship between teachers and students is harmonious.

White Deer Cave Academy: White Deer Cave Academy is located in Lushan, Jiangxi. In the late Tang Dynasty, Li Bo and Yan Yi successively studied and lectured here, and there was a Chinese culture here in the Southern Tang Dynasty.

At the beginning of the Song Dynasty, the academy was established, and the Confucian classics awarded by the imperial court were already very well-known. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi often went to the academy to give lectures, and wrote "The Revelation of the White Deer Cave Academy" as the academic rules of the academy. After science became the official philosophy, the White Deer Cave Academy became famous all over the world for its obvious symbolic significance in science education.

The education system pioneered in the Song Dynasty were:

The Song Dynasty's improvement of the imperial examination system also contributed to the development of education, and the Song Dynasty's treatment of literati was at the highest level in Chinese history. During the reign of Song Renzong, those who went down to the circle were sent to Zhaozhou and counties to run schools and further improve the imperial examination system.

The official school of the Song Dynasty was unprecedented in scale, and the establishment of Guozijian, Taixue, Wuxue, Law and the Four Sects and Guangwen Hall were set up in **. **Each department also has calligraphy, arithmetic, painting, and medicine. At the local level, schools at the state and county levels were established, and school officials were established.

Teachers were first selected and hired by the local government, and then rehired students who graduated from Tangxian Jinshi or Guozijian and Taixue, and the teaching materials were uniformly promulgated by the state, mostly based on the Five Classics.

Under the supervision of Guozi, the Song Dynasty set up Guozixue and Taixue (Simenxue, Guangwenguan, and Biyong existed for a short time) to teach scriptures, and martial arts, law, medicine, arithmetic, calligraphy, and painting to teach various specialized knowledge and skills. Liao was under the supervision of Guozi, and he had placed five Guozi schools in Shangjing, Zhongjing, Tokyo, Xijing, and Nanjing.

In addition to the establishment of Guozixue under the jurisdiction of Guozijian, the Jin State and the Yuan Dynasty imitated the Song Dynasty, and also established schools for teaching in their own languages, such as Jurchen Guozixue, Mongolian Guozixue, etc., also known as Guozijian. Its purpose is to preserve and develop the spoken and written language of the nation and to maintain its character and traditions.