How is poplar planted and managed? How to manage the planting of poplar seedlings

Hello. 1. Top dressing and watering. Scientific topdressing and watering are important measures to improve the nutritional status of forest trees, increase the growth of poplars and shorten the felling cycle.

The planting year is in July and August, which is the peak period of poplar growth, and topdressing can achieve twice the result with half the effort. Fertilizer amount: each plant is applied with a kilogram of urea, and the four-point hole application method can be used, that is, within the distribution range of the tree root system, 4 holes with a depth of 20 cm are evenly dug around the trunk 30 cm, and the fertilizer is evenly mixed with the soil, and finally covered with soil.

Top dressing should be carried out in combination with watering, so that the fertilizer effect can be fully exerted as soon as possible.

Watering is generally 4 times a year: in late March, before germination; Promote the expansion of branches and foliage in May and June every year; watering during summer drought; Frozen water was poured in November. After watering, it is necessary to cultivate and protect moisture.

After the newly planted poplar trees are planted, they should be watered once permeable, and attention should be paid to the timely removal of water in the forest when it rains continuously, so as not to affect the growth of the root system. In addition, due to the shallow root system of newly planted poplars, it is easy to lodging in the wind after watering and rain, so it is necessary to straighten the soil in time.

Second, wipe buds and prune. Poplar trees have strong germination power, and timely pruning can make the trunk straight and complete, and cultivate unknotted good timber. After the initial planting, the base bud should be removed in time, and the bud can be wiped below 50 cm of the seedling stem.

Try to retain as many new branches and leaves as possible, increase the photosynthetic area, accumulate nutrients, and promote roots by nourishing dry. After falling leaves in autumn and winter and before budding in spring, the competing branches in the upper part of the canopy should be pruned or shortened, and the weakened branches below the long branches should be removed.

3. Cultivating loose soil. Planting trees is the same as planting grain, and after planting, it is necessary to strengthen management and protection, prevent damage by humans and animals, and loosen the soil and weeds in a timely manner. Poplar is very important for loosening the soil and weeding during the growing season.

It can effectively prevent weeds from competing with young trees for soil moisture and nutrients, improve soil aeration and water permeability, promote the reproduction of microorganisms and the differentiation of soil organic matter, and improve the respiration of poplar roots. The depth of loose soil is generally 5 10 cm, shallow inside and deep outside, do not hurt the roots. At least once a year, the forest land should be cultivated and loosened to prevent the soil compaction of the forest land.

This can be done in late autumn and early winter in combination with leaf turning, or in combination with weeding during the growing season. Poplar abundant forest contains more nutrients in leaf litter, which is conducive to maintaining soil fertility and increasing the growth of forest trees in late autumn and early winter every year.

Fourth, pest control: the newly planted poplar tree is prone to poplar canker because of more root injuries when it comes out of the nursery, weak resistance, and more drought in spring. Prevention and control methods: select disease-resistant varieties, strengthen the management of water and fertilizer of the tree, and then apply carbendazim and methyl tobuzine 100 times to dry.

Poplar insect pests are mainly leaf-eating pests: poplar inchworm, poplar fan boat moth, poplar boat moth, American white moth, etc. It can be sprayed with 1500 times of systemic insecticides such as dimethoate oxide and cypermethrin. Trees that do not survive should be removed in time to avoid the spread of disease.

FYI.

1. Variety selection.

In the selection of seedlings, we should try to choose pure seedlings, and do not choose seedlings that are unclear or confused. There are many suitable poplar varieties in Jilin Province, such as Bailin No. 2 poplar, small black poplar, Xiaoqing black poplar, Bailin No. 3 poplar, Changlin No. 1 poplar, late flowering poplar, big green poplar, Jilin poplar, Yingchun No. 5 poplar and so on. These are all approved varieties for promotion.

2. Woodland selection.

Poplars are highly adaptable and can grow well in most soil conditions, but suitable soil is still a necessary condition if they are to achieve rapid growth and high yields. Poplars like light and water, but they are afraid of water, so the selection of plots for high-yield forests must have strong soil fertility, sufficient water supply, smooth drainage, good soil permeability, and it is best to be sandy loam.

3. Afforestation density.

Afforestation is a complex system project, which is affected by multiple factors and conditions. The growth of poplars is determined by a single plant, but in order to achieve high yields, the whole population must be considered, so in the whole forest, it is necessary to take into account the growth of both individual trees and the growth of the whole group, which should not be too thin or too dense.

4. Loosen the soil and weed.

If we do not weed in time, the forest will be overgrown with weeds, the soil will be compacted, and the excessive growth of weeds will compete with poplars for water and nutrients, affecting the growth of poplars. Therefore, after the intercropping of forest farmers is stopped, mechanical tillage and weeding should be carried out once or twice a year to create a good environment for the growth of forest trees, accelerate the growth of forest trees, and increase yield.

5. Reasonable fertilization.

To carry out reasonable fertilization, fully ensure the needs of tree growth, generally in the first year after transplanting do not top dressing, in the second year each plant appropriate supplement vine leaf water-soluble fertilizer, the third year of each plant more kilograms, the fourth year of more kilograms, after every two years of top dressing, to reach the first two years of the felling period do not top dressing. Fertilization is generally done by digging a radial trench around the roots of the tree at the edge of the canopy range.

6. Shaping and pruning.

The purpose of shaping is to ensure that the trunk can grow vertically as much as possible and ensure the effect of timbering, generally cutting off the side branches that affect the growth of the main shoot in time, removing the competing branches, and avoiding the growth of double branches, so as to ensure that the trunk has sufficient nutrients and grows rapidly.

7. Prevention and control of pests and diseases.

There are many pests and diseases of poplars, and the common poplar pests in our province are mulberry beetle, cloud-spotted beetle, poplar fan boat moth, poplar boat moth and so on. Sufficient attention must be paid to the pests and diseases of poplars, and effective measures should be taken to prevent and control them as soon as they are discovered. At.

1. Seed selection, the quality of seed strips is an important internal factor affecting the survival rate, and the cuttings should be made of annual seedlings as seed strips, and the seed strips should grow robustly and without diseases and pests. In winter, the seed strips are harvested and buried in a false planting ditch, which is 100 cm deep and 60 cm wide. When the seedlings are raised in the spring of the second year, cut the cuttings before digging out.

2. Cuttings are cut, the length of the cuttings is about 15 cm, and there should be a bud 1 cm from the top 3. The soaking of cuttings in water can not only make them absorb enough water, but also dissolve the rooting inhibitors in the cuttings, which has a significant effect on improving the survival rate of cuttings. It is particularly important to soak the strips brought in from other places.

The immersion time should be 24 hours.

4. Cuttings time, cuttings can be made after the soil thaws in spring. Timely and early insertion is beneficial to improve the survival rate.

1. Carefully choose poplar seedlings and seedlings. Choosing a good nursery is the key to the success of poplar seedlings, our province generally implements the root seedling, if the nursery is not selected properly, it will affect the next 3 4 years of 107 poplar seedling seedling effect. Loose sandy loam soil or light loam soil should be selected for seedling land, and heavy clay soil and "whole sand" land with poor water and fertilizer retention should not be selected.

The poplar nursery should be flat and convenient, the groundwater level should not exceed 1 meter, and the thickness of the soil layer should not be less than one meter. There is a lot of rain in our province, so special attention should be paid not to choose the poplar nursery in the low-lying flat land that is easy to be waterlogged, and the drainage conditions should be good, and the stagnant water can be quickly discharged when the precipitation is large in summer.

2. Land preparation. Before poplar seedlings cuttings, apply foot fertilizer according to 80 100 kg of compound fertilizer, and deep plough the poplar seedling seedling 30 35cm, and rake it in time to protect moisture. In our province, poplar seedlings should be raised in high beds, bed width inserted 3 rows) or 1 meter (inserted 2 rows), do a good job of three ditches (around, box, waist ditch) matching, reduce the groundwater level, to ensure that there are no dark stains.

3. Poplar seedling cutting density: seedling density has an important impact on the quality and yield of seedlings, if the density is too large, the nutrient area and space of seedlings are reduced, and the quality of seedlings will be reduced; If the density is too small, the seedling yield is too low, which affects the income.

When planting poplars, you need to choose to do it between February and March every year, you can choose loose and breathable sandy loam soil or light loam, and then apply compound fertilizer to the soil as base fertilizer, and then you can insert the branches of the year-old strong poplar into the soil, and water should be watered in time to make the poplar grow vigorously.

1. Planting time

The best time to plant poplars is in mid-to-late February and mid-to-early March every year, because the temperature at this time can be kept above 5 degrees, and the light is not strong, which is conducive to improving the rooting rate of poplars, and when planting poplars, it is best to choose when it is rainy and continuous.

2. Soil conditions

Poplar is suitable for growing in loose and breathable sandy loam soil, when planting poplar, it is necessary to choose well-drained soil for it, and to apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer to the soil as base fertilizer to improve the fertility of the soil, and to spray fungicides to the soil, so that poplar grows healthily.

3. Planting method

When planting poplars, it is necessary to cut a disease-free current branch from the mother plant, and then soak the poplar branches in water for 20-30 minutes to absorb enough water, and then the poplar branches can be inserted into the soil, and covered with a layer of plastic film to promote the vigorous growth of poplars.

4. Maintenance management

Poplars are not drought tolerant, when breeding poplars, if the rainfall is too little, it will lead to a lack of water in the plant, which will make the poplar branches and leaves wither, you need to water the poplar in time, it is best to use non-polluted well water or spring water, you can also dry the tap water for 1-2 days before use.

1. Planting time, poplar seedlings like to grow in a warm environment, so it is most suitable for spring and autumn.

2. Land requirements, the cultivation land requirements are loose and fertile, good drainage and deep soil layer.

3. The planting method needs to cut off the excess branches and leaves of the plant, and the weak root system should also be cut off, and the root system can be soaked in rooting water for a while before planting.

The best seasons for <> afforestation are spring and late autumn and early winter. Spring is best before the soil thaws and seedlings germinate. It is planted in late autumn when the leaves of the seedlings begin to fall.

After the soil is frozen, the seedlings are easy to dry up, and only the roots are alive. When afforestation, it is necessary to follow the super seedlings, transport the seedlings, and plant them, and avoid the loss of water from the seedlings. If the seedlings are transported from other places, the roots of the seedlings should be kept moist; Seedlings that cannot be planted in time should be properly planted.

Conditionally, soak in water for 1 2 days before planting. When planting, it should be made to the bottom of the hole, planting is straight, layered filling, layered stepping on the solid, so that the seedling root system stretches, and is closely connected with the soil. The depth of planting depends on the dryness and wetness of the soil, and the drier and looser soil should be planted more than 60 centimeters of ears and bibi meters; Clay heavy soil and depressions, generally buried over the seedling stem of the original soil marks of 15 cm.

After planting, it should be watered immediately, and then the seedlings should be straightened and the soil should be cultivated.

In addition to loosening the soil and weeding, crops can be planted intermittently in the first two years to replace tweaking. 1-3 year old young trees are mainly pruned by plastic pruning, cultivating erect and strong main branches, removing or controlling competing branches, retaining auxiliary branches, and pruning the sprouts at the base of the trunk. Before the canopy closure of young trees, the branches under the canopy can be not pruned or pruned less, the larger canopy can be retained, the photosynthetic area should be increased, and the length of the canopy should be kept more than 3 4 of the whole tree height.

For trees that are more than 4 years old, the weakened branches under the canopy should be pruned after the leaves fall in winter, and the ratio of crown to tree height should be kept at about 2 3.

Strengthening water and fertilizer management is the key to the rapid growth of poplars. Irrigation is mainly carried out during the dry season from April to June, and irrigation is generally carried out 2-3 times a year. In addition to fertilizing 1500 kg of miscellaneous fertilizer every 1 15 years (per mu) of land preparation, nitrogen fertilizer is applied twice a year from May to July after afforestation, totaling kilograms of urea or ammonium bicarbonate per 1 15 hectares (per mu).