Question about biology Ah, thank you, biology question, thank you

Since you say that you control a pair of traits, then there can only be two alleles. i.e. a, a. Moreover, they are indeed alleles.

Your question: 1. There are generally n genes that control traits, but for the sake of simplicity, junior high school and high school will directly say those special cases, that is, there are only two genes that control traits.

2. Alleles. A and a are both alleles. The reason why we say wait is because they control one thing.

For example, there are many buttons to control the lights on the roof of KTV, and they are colorful and colorful, but in fact, no matter how many of them are, it is only that lamp that they control.

The alleles are the same, no matter how many of them are, they are in the treach, that is, they control that one acre and three points, so they are called alleles, and their low positions are equal.

3. AA indicates genotype. At this time, the first A and the second A are the same thing, and there is no such thing as equivalence.

There are alleles and non-alleles on homologous chromosomes, and there are also identical genes, and there are too many of them.

The concept of an allele is a pair of genes on the homologous chromosome that control the relative trait, a and a are, and aa controls the same trait, so it is the same gene on the homologous chromosome.

Are genes in the same position on homologous chromosomes alleles? Not necessarily. If two genes are exactly the same, then it is not an allele either.

It must be the allele that controls a pair of relative traits. aa, aa is not an allele, aa is an allele.

AA can appear.

AA and AA control the same trait and perform the same.

A is a recessive gene in this is the dominant gene.

Expressions occur when aa and aa (this can be had).

When AA is present, the table is negative (that is, it will not appear).

For example, a genetic disease is controlled by the recessive gene A.

Then when AA and AA appear, there is no disease.

However, if you have AA, you will get sick (see hemophilia and consanguineous marriage for example).

1. Select A. The cell wall composition of rhizobia is different from that of plants and has nothing to do with the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the processing and secretion of proteins and the formation of plant cell walls in cellular life activities.

2. Glucose is first decomposed in the cytoplasmic matrix in the first step to form pyruvate. Pyruvate enters the mitochondria and undergoes a two-step breakdown to produce carbon dioxide and water. Therefore, mitochondria cannot break down glucose into carbon dioxide and water.

3. CA, chloroplasts move with the flow of cytoplasm in the cell, A is wrong.

D. Mesophyll cells contain both chloroplasts and mitochondria, and D is wrong. The cells of plant roots contain mitochondria but not chloroplasts.

4. A endoplasmic reticulum is related to the synthesis of intracellular sugars, proteins and lipids, and has nothing to do with RNA synthesis.

d. There are many ribosomes attached to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum in order to allow the endoplasmic reticulum to process the peptide chains synthesized on the ribosomes. During transportation, a part of the endoplasmic reticulum forms secretory vesicles to wrap the peptide chain and transport it to the Golgi apparatus, so it is related to the processing, transport and secretion of the peptide chain.

Answer: c; The 4th National High School Biology League Preliminary Exam Questions.

It should be D. The turning point of the two lines x and y is the key, and the turning point of x is earlier than y.

a. Error. Maltose is not detectable in animal cells. The disaccharide that can be detected in animal cells is lactose.

b. Error. Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides can be converted into each other within some cells.

A is false, there is no maltose in animal cells, only in plants. b right.

a. The selection is correct. Genetic recombination occurs only in eukaryotic sexual reproduction and is a nuclear gene. The trembling bath back belongs to the prokaryotes, so answer.

No genetic recombination occurs.

Option b is incorrect. Prokaryotes also have a cellular structure, so the genetic material is just DNA. RNA is the genetic material of only a few viruses.

Option c is correct. Centrosomes are found in animal and lower plant cells.

a. The selection is correct. Recombination occurs only in eukaryotic sexual reproduction, and it is a nuclear gene. Trembling baths belong.

Exclusively prokaryotes, so the genus does not appear genetic recombination.

Option b is incorrect. Genetic material can only be one, either DNA or RNA (RNA is only a few viruses that are genetic material. ）

Option c is correct. Centrosomes are found in animal and lower plant cells.

The Golgi apparatus is associated with exocytosis, rhizobia belong to bacteria, and their cell wall should be peptidoglycan.

RNA is synthesized on ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum is the workshop for crude protein processing, and the Golgi apparatus is refined and packaged for transportation.

1. A Because the Golgi apparatus is the "packaging workshop" of proteins, insulin is a protein, and the main component of the cell wall is cellulose, which has nothing to do with the Golgi apparatus.

2. Mitochondria are the main places for aerobic respiration, and aerobic respiration is the process of decomposing glucose into water and carbon dioxide and releasing energy at the same time.

3. c Chloroplasts are neither fixed nor uniformly distributed, and the mesophyll cell fluid contains mitochondria. The pigments contained in chloroplasts are the reason for the green color of the leaves.

4. D The processing and secretion of peptide chains is a function of the Golgi apparatus rather than the endoplasmic reticulum.

The lower plants that have both a cell wall and ribosomes Hepatocytes have no cell wall, Cotton mesophyll cells have no centrosomes, and Yeasts have centrosomes.

2.The need is active transportation.

Chromosome duplication appears as sister chromatids. Chromosomes are made up of proteins and DNA Proteins are made up of amino acids Peptide bonds are formed during the joining of amino acids.

The ammonia base should be m-n+1

There are only two n's that mean there are two amino acids, and the two amino acids form a dipeptide.

Lower plants have centrosomes.

2.No energy is required and this process is assisted in diffusion.

Chromosomes are made up of DNA and proteins, and protein synthesis is a synthesis of amino acidsThe number of c and n in the R group in the amino acid structure formula is indefinite, so the molecules are ambiguous.

b Centrosomes are lower plants and animals, so a, d are not, and because hepatocytes do not have a cell wall.

So option B is that the absorption of glucose by small intestinal epithelial cells belongs to active transport, which requires energy and carriers, a DNA and proteins to form chromosomes, amino acids are dehydrated and condensed to form peptide chains, peptide chains are coiled and folded to form voids.

The structure of proteins so there is a change in the number of peptide bonds.

C Item A is wrong Because the selective expression of the gene will not produce a new protein, it will only produce the corresponding protein and then express the corresponding trait Item B is not necessarily If m=n, then the ammonia number is 1