The population migration of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and the hardships of the p

Dizzy, asked twice, in one time.

The following views are from me, the original blog.

Let's take a look at the population first:

Retrieved some information:

According to historical records, there were 72 million people in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and 25 million people in the Jin Dynasty.

In other words, the entire Three Kingdoms period experienced n wars, and the population was only 1 3

By the middle of the Western Jin Dynasty (300 AD), the population had recovered to 33.79 million.

More than half of the population died in the Rebellion of the Eight Kings of the Western Jin Dynasty, and by the time of the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty in 317, the Han population was less than 15 million.

In 368-407, the population of the Han people recovered to 30 million in the whole country, and the population of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was 15 million, so there were 15 million folk Han people in the north.

In 520, the Chinese population grew to 52.4 million, including 20 million in the Southern Dynasty and 23.5 million in the Northern Dynasty.

By 581 AD, there were 44.3 million Chinese left, including 18 million in the Southern Dynasty and 20 million in the Northern Dynasty.

In other words, the population of the entire Three Kingdoms and the Northern and Southern Dynasties fell from 72 million to 44.3 million.

Frequent wars, pressure from the people.

To quote: Xing, the people are bitter. Death, the people suffer.

From the sparsely populated northern grasslands to the densely populated Yellow River Basin

The main body of this flow is the ethnic minorities in the north and north-west.

Causes: The instability of the nomadic life of ethnic minorities; the attraction of the advanced economic culture of the Han nationality in the Yellow River Basin; The promotion of national integration.

It flows from the densely populated Yellow River basin to the sparsely populated south of the Yangtze River

The main body of this flow is the Han and other ethnic groups in the Central Plains.

Causes: Since the Central Plains has long been the political center, it has become the main target of the seizure of power and foreign harassment, resulting in frequent wars in the north and relative stability in the south; The middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin were originally densely populated, and a large number of ethnic minorities moved inward, which increased the pressure on the population and the environment.

Impact: Promoted national integration and the development of a multi-ethnic state; It is conducive to the dissemination and exchange of culture and the improvement of the quality of the population; The over-concentration of the population in the Central Plains has been changed, and the population distribution has gradually become reasonable. The people of the Central Plains moved south, bringing labor and advanced technology, and jointly developed Jiangnan with the people of the south, so that the economy of the north and the south tended to be balanced, and laid the foundation for the southward movement of the economic center in the future. created conditions for the unification of the Sui Dynasty; At the same time, the mass migration of people has also caused some social problems (such as the uprising of displaced people) and environmental problems (the ecological environment of Jiangnan has been destroyed).

The migration of people during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties promoted cultural exchanges between the north and the south, and introduced advanced farming and other technologies to the southIt laid the foundation for the economic center of gravity of the north in the future, and in addition to the new system of "overseas Chinese counties", it can be regarded as a kind of enlightenment of one country and two governance.

This stage is characterized by the gradual shift of the economic center of gravity to the south, and the economic development has basically tended to balance from the north to the south. In the last years of the Western Jin Dynasty and the period of the Sixteen Kingdoms, the south where the Southern Dynasties were located was further developed, and the social and economic development of the south was faster than that of the north.

However, to measure whether the level of economic development of a region exceeds that of other regions, we cannot only look at its development speed. Actual experience has proved that because of the low starting point of economic development, countries and regions that are often economically backward will greatly exceed the economic development rate of economically developed countries and regions in the initial stage.

Reasons for the economic balance between the North and the South:

The Jiangnan region has abundant rainfall, hot climate, fertile land, and superior conditions for the development of agriculture.

There were relatively few wars in the Jiangnan region, the society was relatively stable, the integration of the ethnic minorities in the south and the Han nationality accelerated economic development, and the hard work of the working people in the north and south.

The Sui and Tang dynasties were unified, and the economy of the north and south was greatly developed, but before the "Anshi Rebellion" of the Tang Dynasty, the economic center of gravity had always been in the North China Plain, and the northern economy still had a certain advantage on the whole. It was not until after the Anshi Rebellion that the economic center of gravity began to shift southward, and from the fifth dynasty onwards, the southern economy began to gradually surpass the north.

1.There have been three large-scale migrations in ancient Chinese history, all of which were caused by wars (the Anshi Rebellion of the Tang Dynasty, the Yongjia Rebellion of the Western Jin Dynasty, and the Jingkang Rebellion of the Song Dynasty).

2.The migration of people during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties promoted cultural exchanges between the north and the south, and introduced advanced farming and other technologies to the south, laying the foundation for the economic center of gravity of the north in the future. In addition, some new systems of "overseas Chinese counties" have also been produced, which can be regarded as a kind of enlightenment of one country and two governance.

3.The population transfer in today's society mainly includes the flow of migrant workers (economic factors, from the north to the south), the flow of students (educational factors), the flow of demolition and relocation (policies, such as the Three Gorges Project), and the urbanization process (from rural to urban).

Geographically speaking, there is migration from rural areas to cities, from economically underdeveloped areas to economically developed areas, from the western inland to the eastern coastal areas; The Spring Festival is the most typical, from Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou and other economically developed and educationally developed cities to the hometown of the back and forth, trains and cars are the main means of migration. In today's society, the main reasons affecting population migration are economic literacy, education, medical care, transportation, tourism, customs and other reasons are also common.

There is no record of the history I have studied.

The people's lives are not good, because there were many small countries during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and there were often wars, and the people would be hurt from time to time.

The life of the surname Baiqin is not good, because the suspect is in that dynasty, often waging wars and wars, living in turmoil, insecure, and the quality of life is really not good.

The life of the people is very bad, the life of the people at the bottom is miserable, they can't eat enough every day, and they have been oppressed by others, they dare not resist at all, the burden of the people in the south is relatively heavy, the social and other forest level divisions are becoming more and more strict, and the gate lord clan monopolizes the political power.

During the period of the Three Kingdoms and the Two Jin Dynasties, China's population migration was mainly from north to south. This was due to the political and social instability of the time, which led to the migration of a large number of people in search of better living conditions. Specifically, there were some important migration events during this period, such as:

1.Northerners Migrate South: Due to war and political turmoil, a large number of people from the North have chosen to migrate south.

2.Immigrants: During this period, there were also immigrants from other regions, such as the Xiongnu, Xianbei, Qian, Di, Qiang and other ethnic minorities in the northwest.

In general, the migration of the population during the period of the Three Kingdoms Buliang and the Northern and Southern Dynasties was mainly due to social and political instability. The migration during this period not only affected the socio-economic and cultural development of the time, but also had a profound impact on later generations.

The reasons for the phenomenon of population migration in the last years of the Western Jin Dynasty were: the rule of the Western Jin Dynasty was very corrupt, and the landlord forces with heavy troops raised troops to fight; The Han rulers collected heavy taxes from the people who moved inward, conscripted and sent them into service, and the long-term policy of enslavement and exploitation provoked resistance and struggle; Disasters year after year; Society is in turmoil. The large-scale population migration caused by the war in the Central Plains in the last years of the Western Jin Dynasty also had a great impact on the "Five Liang" regime, which greatly promoted the Hexi region.

political, economic, and manuscript cultural development.

In the last years of the Western Jin Dynasty, the ethnic minorities who originally lived in the western and northern regions of China.

Such as the Xiongnu and Xianbei.

Di, Qian, and Qiang have moved to the Yellow River basin and its vicinity. The rulers of the Western Jin Dynasty brutally oppressed and exploited the people of all nationalities, forcing the people of all nationalities to rise up and resist, and the upper-level sullen elements of all nationalities carried out ethnic vendettas and fought with each other in order to compete for power and profit and satisfy their own greed, causing chaos in the social order of the Yellow River Valley, serious damage to production, and displacement of the vast number of people. In order to avoid the scourge of war and survive, the broad masses of the people migrated to all directions, among which the largest number of people migrated to the south of the Yangtze River, accounting for six-tenths of the original population in the Yellow River valley and its vicinity.