Use psychology to explain what preconceived notions mean

The preconceived psychological effect is the first cause effect, which was first proposed by the American psychologist Locs, also known as the first cause effect.

The priority effect or first impression effect refers to the impact of the first impression formed by both parties on the future relationship, that is, the effect of "preconceived ideas".

Experimental psychology research has shown that the order in which external information enters the brain cannot be ignored in determining cognitive effect. The information entered first has the greatest effect, and the information entered last also has a greater effect.

This characteristic of the brain's processing of information is intrinsic to the formation of the first cause effect. The first-cause effect is essentially a priority effect, and when different pieces of information are combined, people tend to value the information that precedes it.

Even if people pay equal attention to the latter information, they will think that the latter information is non-essential and accidental, and people are accustomed to interpreting the latter information in terms of the earlier information, even if the latter information is inconsistent with the earlier information.

They will also succumb to the previous information in order to form a consistent impression as a whole, and when different information is combined, people tend to value the previous information.

The psychological effect of preconceived notions is that after forming initial impressions or opinions, we tend to be more inclined to accept and remember information that is consistent with those impressions or opinions, and at the same time, it is easier to ignore or distort information that is inconsistent with them. This psychological effect is also known as the first impression effect, the impression solidification effect, or the subjective confirmation effect.

The preconceived psychological effect has the following characteristics:

1.Forming a Stable Impression: People often form an initial impression when they are first exposed to a person, thing, or situation.

This initial impression plays a guiding role in the subsequent cognitive process, influencing our selection and processing of relevant information. Once formed, this impression influences our views and attitudes relatively steadily, making us more inclined to accept information that is consistent with it.

2.Defensive protection: The preconceived effect can act as a defensive protection, helping us to process harmonious information to reduce cognitive conflicts caused by cognitive inconsistency.

This protective mechanism makes it easier for us to accept information that is consistent with our pre-existing impressions, and to ignore or distort information that is inconsistent with it, in order to maintain the cognitively one-dimensional nature.

3.Cognitive laziness: The preconceived effect is also related to cognitive labor-saving.

When we are processing large amounts of information, it is easier for us to rely on pre-existing impressions and opinions for decision-making and judgment for the sake of cognitive savings. This lazy way of knowing can make us tend to accept information that is consistent with our existing impressions and ignore information that may not be consistent with other Taisho burials.

4.Information selection bias: The preconceived idea effect also influences our choice of information.

We tend to look for and pay more attention to information that is consistent with our pre-existing impressions, and ignore or filter out inconsistent information. This selection bias can reinforce existing impressions and make us less open to other information.

Although the psychological effect of preconceived notions can affect our cognition and decision-making to some extent, we can also reduce its negative effects by being aware of the existence of this effect and making an effort to open our minds. Trying to be objective and prudent, thinking from multiple perspectives and gathering information can help us avoid bias and subjective solidification, and improve the accuracy and adaptability of decision-making.

First impressions are strongest

It is not easy to listen to different opinions because the ideas that are accepted first are disturbed or the impressions formed are correct. That is, those who harbor prejudices and do not become arrogant and abusive* all think that they have grown up from childhood to a little older, and they have a certain degree of difficulty in seeing that the elders and children are inferior to each other, and they have preconceived ideas, so they will eventually have scruples and dare not succeed in their selfishness. ——Qing · Ruan Kuisheng's "Tea Aftermath Hakka Words" Detailed explanation It is said that if you first accept a statement or impression, you will think that it is correct, and if you have a preconception, it will not be easy to accept other opinions later.

Uttered "Hanshu Xifu Bow Biography": Only His Majesty watched the ancient bird dismantling the Dan ring, and repeatedly referred to it, without preconceived words. Continuation of Fan Ting's "The Sixth Anniversary of the 77th Anti-Japanese War Sent to the Northwest Compatriots":

Because of the propaganda of the reactionaries over the past 10 years or so, some people outside the party still have preconceived ideas, have lost their way, and have not yet been able to fully understand the party. Kang Hao's "Spring Planting, Autumn Harvest, ** Branch Book": Even in order to avoid preconceived ideas, he did not tell Wang Qingfeng his materials in advance.

Word decomposition Explanation of first ā time first, in order, as opposed to "after" : before. Advance.

Original. Herald. Xianhe (ancient Chinese emperors first sacrificed the Yellow River, and then sacrificed to the sea, taking the river as the source of the sea, and later called advocating the first thing).

Foresight (?.)Prescient. Preemptive.

The earlier generation of the family or nation is predominantly self-reliant.