What is four dimensional space time, and why can t four dimensional space be called four dimensional

Four-dimensional space-time. There are various multidimensional spaces in mathematics, but so far, the physical world we know is only four-dimensional, that is, three-dimensional space plus one-dimensional time. The high-dimensional space mentioned in modern microscopic physics is another meaning, which has only mathematical significance.

Four-dimensional space-time is the lowest dimension that constitutes the real world, and our world happens to be four-dimensional, and as for the high-dimensional real space, at least for now, we can't perceive it. I mentioned an example in a post where a ruler rotates in three-dimensional space (without time), its length does not change, but when it rotates, its coordinate values change, and the coordinates are related to each other. The meaning of four-dimensional space-time is that time is the fourth-dimensional coordinates, which is related to spatial coordinates, that is to say, space-time is a unified and inseparable whole, and they are a kind of "one eliminates the other" relationship.

The four-dimensional space-time is not limited to this, from the relationship between mass and energy, mass and energy are actually the same thing, mass (or energy) is not independent, but related to the state of motion, such as the greater the velocity, the greater the mass. In four-dimensional space-time, mass (or energy) is actually the fourth-dimensional component of four-dimensional momentum, and momentum is the quantity that describes the motion of matter, so it is natural that mass is related to the state of motion. In the four-dimensional space-time, momentum and energy are unified, which is called the energy-momentum four vectors.

In addition, in the four-dimensional space-time, the four-dimensional velocity, the four-dimensional acceleration, the four-dimensional force, and the four-dimensional form of the electromagnetic field equation system are also defined. It is worth mentioning that the four-dimensional form of the electromagnetic field equation system is more perfect, completely unifying electricity and magnetism, and the electric and magnetic fields are described by a unified electromagnetic field tensor. The physical laws of four-dimensional space-time are much more perfect than the three-dimensional laws, which shows that our world is indeed four-dimensional.

It can be said that at least it is much more perfect than Newtonian mechanics. At least because of its perfection, we can't doubt it.

In the special theory of relativity, time and space constitute an inseparable whole – four-dimensional space-time, and energy and momentum also constitute an inseparable whole – four-dimensional momentum. This suggests that there may be a deep connection between some seemingly unrelated quantities in nature. In the future discussion of general relativity, we will also see that there is a deep connection between space-time and the four vectors of energy momentum.

Three-dimensional space + one-dimensional time.

Four-dimensional space refers to standard Euclidean space, which can be extended to n-dimensional; Four-dimensional space-time refers to a misunderstanding of Minkowski's concept of space. As three-dimensional objects, human beings can understand four-dimensional space-time (three spatial dimensions and one temporal dimension), but they cannot recognize and exist in four-dimensional space, because human beings belong to the third spatial dimension. Time is usually the fourth dimension, that is, the time dimension under the fourth dimension of space-time.

The fourth dimension of four-dimensional space refers to the dimension of space with the same properties as x, y, and z. However, four-dimensional space-time is not a standard Euclidean space, and the essence of time is to describe the speed of motion.

Through the evolution of one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional space, some conjectures about four-dimensional space have been proposed. Although these conjectures cannot be proven correct now, many scientific theories are started by conjectures. Nowadays, scientific theories are generally based on the summary of phenomena, and there is no accurate and clear understanding of the phenomena in the four-dimensional space, or the phenomena are seen but do not think that the phenomena are caused by the four-dimensional space.

You can define and measure all of them. For example, time, temperature. Points, lines, planes, time, and temperature can also be said to constitute a five-dimensional space.

Of course, it is also possible to define the topological space of the point, line and surface as the fourth dimension, the fifth dimension, the sixth dimension and even the nth dimension. This is easy to achieve in mathematical formula reasoning and derivation, but it is difficult to correspond and imagine reality.

Eight-dimensional space is a theory in physics, which believes that eight-dimensional space is divided into x-dimensional (the length of the object), y-dimensional (the width of the object), z-dimensional (the height of the object), time dimension, velocity dimension, temperature dimension, electromagnetic force dimension, gravitation (or repulsion) dimension.

The theory is now accepted in the physics community is eight-dimensional space, which was founded by the German physicist Buckhardheim in 1957, and then further developed and perfected by himself, and obtained some new results, one of which is to summarize a series of equations for calculating the mass of elementary particles. In 1977, he published the equation, but it was too complex for few physicists to understand, and it was later proved correct by experiments. Since his theories were mostly published in German, most physicists thought these arguments were obscure and incomprehensible, and felt that the monk was confused.

In 1980, Heim's theory attracted the attention of the Austrian physicist Walter Drüscher, who carefully studied it, explained the theory in detail, and further refined it, so that there is what is known today as Heim Drüscher space, that is, an eight-dimensional space structure of the universe (in which we are now).

What we found today is that adding just one parameter that has an impact on the results of an experiment adds one dimension.

For example, how do you represent the height of a solid cube on a flat surface? Contour!

How do you represent temperature on a flat surface? Isotherm!

How do you represent humidity on a flat surface? Isowetting!

How do you represent pressure on a flat surface? Isobar!

See if it looks like it?

There are many dimensions to space, not just four.

Often, people think of time as the only fourth dimension, which is not considered.

For example, to solve the problem of the trajectory of artillery shells, we must not only know the angle and mass of incidence in space, but also know the parameters such as the magnitude and direction of gravity, air resistance, wind speed, etc., in order to determine the trajectory, and these parameters together constitute the spatial dimension that has an impact on the experimental results.

The parameters that have an impact on the experimental results should be described as one dimension of space, such as length, width, height, color, sound, temperature, humidity, pressure, density, hardness, smell, taste, brightness, pH, transparency, conductivity, chemical composition, gravitation, etc., and there should be some unexpected dimensions. Knowing these dimensional distributions that have an impact on the results of the experiment allows you to determine the results of the experiment, which would otherwise not be.

The theory of 11-dimensional space and the string theory cannot be called scientific theories because they have not been confirmed by experiments.

The space around us has 3 dimensions (up and down, front and back, left and right). We can move up and down, southeast and northwest, and the movement in other directions is only represented by 3D space axes. Moving down is the same as moving up in a negative direction, and moving northwest is just a mix of westward and northward.

In physics, time is the fourth dimension, and unlike the three dimensions of space, it has only one, and for the current human technology, it will only advance in one direction.

According to the M theory (a type of superstring theory) proposed in the 90s, the universe is eleven-dimensional and consists of a vibrating plane. For Albert Einstein, the universe is only four-dimensional (three-dimensional space and one-dimensional time), while modern physics says that there are seven dimensions of space that we cannot see.

Here's a scientific parable to help us understand the difference between high and low dimensions:

There was a shooter in routine training, and scientists in a two-dimensional creature living on the surface of a target observed that a hole appeared in their world at certain intervals. He proclaimed this law of physics. Shooters were shooting all morning, a long historical period for target creatures, who thought their scientists were right.

Unfortunately, in the afternoon, the shooters either went to eat or threw their world (target) in the trash, and the hole never reappeared. The target creatures then decided that the scientist was a **, and they were angry and threw the scientist into the trash can of the target country, along with the theory that a hole must appear every once in a certain time.

Therefore, for high-dimensional beings, the low-dimensional world is completely transparent and can be seen at a glance, without any internal structure. Low-dimensional organisms, on the other hand, can only observe the projection of high-dimensional objects in low-dimensional space, provided that high-dimensional objects have projections in low-dimensional space. For example, if a bullet is placed in a magazine, the target creature cannot be observed, but it does exist, but it does not touch the target or cast a shadow on it.

Therefore, high-dimensional beings are much more "advanced" than low-dimensional creatures, they can appear in any corner of our world in an instant (only a projection, of course), and can directly destroy the interior of any object in our world (like a shooter hitting a target). They are much more powerful than the Monkey King.

For large-scale four-dimensional and even higher-dimensional space, we cannot observe it due to the fact that we are three-dimensional creatures, and there is no conclusive evidence that we have observed the projection of high-dimensional space on three-dimensional space. Therefore, it is not yet possible to confirm whether there is a large-scale high-dimensional space.

First of all, the universe is composed of space and time, and the upper and lower four directions are the universe. Throughout the ages, it has been the universe.

The four-dimensional is to increase the axis of time, but time is irreversible in the three-dimensional, and the four-dimensional time can travel back and forth, that is, to cross. But the fourth dimension is unattainable by humans.

We are three-dimensional creatures and cannot go to four-dimensional.

Also, dimension is just a concept, not a hierarchy.

People are always curious about the unknown, and scientists want to explore the mysteries. Therefore, scientists will pay special attention to the slightest disturbance in the four-dimensional space. And the mind space is really amazing, which can stimulate people's desire to explore.

In the high-dimensional space, the closest to human beings and is also the most interesting dimension of human beings is none other than the four-dimensional space, although human beings have not found evidence of the existence of the four-dimensional space, but human beings have theoretically predicted that the four-dimensional space is a real space, the famous scientific giant Albert Einstein said that the so-called four-dimensional space is actually in the three-dimensional space plus a time dimension, simply put, the four-dimensional space is the three-dimensional space is not different time periods of several three-dimensional space coincide, this time can be the past, It can also be the present, or even the future, that is to say, in the four-dimensional space, the concept of time is completely subverted.

Not only Einstein, another great scientist Stephen Hawking also believes that the four-dimensional space also exists, Hawking said that there are space-time "loopholes" in the four-dimensional space, if human beings can find the four-dimensional space and find these space-time loopholes, then they can change the time at will, and they can set the time to be the past and the future, that is, they can realize the dream of time and space travel that human beings dream of.

Not only the four-dimensional space, in this world, this universe there are many unsolved mysteries that human beings cannot explain, of course, these mysteries cannot never be revealed, after all, human science and technology have been developing, and technology is a powerful force to uncover these mysteries, and in the future, only when human science and technology are developed enough, human beings can confirm the existence of four-dimensional space.

The so-called high-dimensional space is relative to the three-dimensional space in which human beings live or can come into contact with the lower-dimensional space, and human beings exercise the existing superficial common sense to distinguish different dimensional spaces for the worldThere are four dimensions of space, namely zero-dimensional space, one-dimensional space, two-dimensional space, and three-dimensional space.

These dimensions of space have been confirmed to exist and can also exercise the existing surface common sense to annotate, in which the zero-dimensional space is the point, the one-dimensional is the line, the two-dimensional is the surface, and the three-dimensional is three-dimensional, and human beings live in the three-dimensional space, because human beings can see any object in the zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, and two-dimensional spaceThe higher than the three-dimensional space is the high-dimensional space.

In the high-dimensional space, the dimension that is very close to human beings and is also very interesting to human beings is none other than the four-dimensional space, although human beings have not yet found evidence of the existence of the four-dimensional spaceHowever, human beings have predicted that the four-dimensional space is a space that really exists, and the famous scientific master Albert Einstein said that the so-called four-dimensional space is actually a time dimension added to the three-dimensional space, and the four-dimensional space is the overlap of the geometric three-dimensional space of the three-dimensional space in different time periods, and the time can be the past, the present, and even the future, that is, in the four-dimensional space, the concept of time is completely subverted.

Although human beings think that the four-dimensional space exists on the surface, human beings, as advanced beings, can never imagine the reality of the four-dimensional space. Personally, I think there are two main reasons, the first reason is that human beings live in three-dimensional space, and low-dimensional space cannot simply see high-dimensional space, because human beings are destined to not be able to see four-dimensional space and cannot imagine the reality of four-dimensional space. The second reason is that the four-dimensional space or foundation does not exist, which says that matter determines consciousness, and in order to depict the real appearance of a thing, it is necessary to begin to allow the thing to existThe four-dimensional space is only an extension of pure mathematics for scientists, and mathematics is not equivalent to physics at all, because from a physical point of view, the four-dimensional space or the foundation does not exist.

Of course, the above are all speculations, not only in the four-dimensional space, in this world, in this universe there are many unsolved mysteries that human beings cannot explain, although these mysteries will never be revealed, after all, human science and technology have been developing, and technology is a powerful force to uncover these mysteriesIt is possible for human beings to confirm the existence of the four-dimensional space, and to confirm its existence, we still need to find a way to master the exercise of it.