In what historical period did Western learning from the East flourish?

The eastward spread of Western learning refers to the historical process of the spread of Western academic ideas to China, generally speaking, it refers to the introduction of academic ideas from Europe and the United States in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties and the early Republic of China.

The transition of Western learning to the East can be roughly divided into two stages:

The arrival of Catholic Jesuit missionaries in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

Before and after the Opium War until around the May Fourth Movement.

If you ask what period it was in, then it can only be said that it was in the late Ming Dynasty.

Although it can also refer to the introduction of various Western things into China from antiquity to the present day, it generally refers to the introduction of academic ideas from Europe and the United States in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties and the early Republic of China.

In the decade of the 19th century, it began to rise, but as early as the Opium War, Lin Zexu opened his eyes to the world, and the defeat of the two Opium Wars made the Qing rulers realize their backwardness, especially the more radical Han landlord Zeng Guofan and others began to launch the Westernization Movement.

"The Rise of Western Learning to the East" was originally the name of Rong Hong's book, which was Rong Hong's memoirs, and later, historians called this period the period of Western Learning to the East. This is a specific historical appellation. It can be roughly defined as starting from 1840 and still accepting Western culture today, and many things come from the West...

Around the time of the Opium War and the May Fourth Movement, China was colonized by Western countries, which means that Western culture, technology, education, and so on slowly infiltrated into China.

Qing Dynasty, after the beginning of modernization.

1. Concept: "Western learning to the East" refers to the historical process of the spread of Western natural sciences and humanities to China.

2. Two transformations: the first great social and political transformation--- feudal to imperial system, which occurred before and after the Shang Dynasty and the Qin Emperor and the Han Dynasty; The second great socio-political transformation--- the transition from the imperial system to the rule of the people, took place after the Opium War, and was actually forced to start after the cession of Hong Kong.

4. The stage of the eastward expansion of Western learning: the background of the "late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty": the missionary activities of the Catholic Jesuit missionaries were gradually carried out.

Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China" background: It was gradually developed with military, economic and cultural infiltration after the opening of China by Western powers in modern times.

5. Important historical facts: Euclid's Geometric Originals (the first Western scientific work translated into Chinese) co-translated by Matteo Ricci and Xu Guangqi.

6. The influence (function) of Western learning from the East: The introduction of science and technology after the Western Renaissance introduced a novel heterogeneous culture into the traditional Chinese cultural system, and the exchange and integration of Chinese and Western cultures opened a new scene, which has positive significance in the history of Chinese and Western cultural exchanges.