The origin of mathematics, the origin and development of mathematics

Mathematics originated in the early productive activities of human beings. According to the characteristics of the development of mathematics in ancient China, mathematics can be divided into five periods: germination, the formation, development, prosperity and integration of Chinese and Western mathematics.

In ancient China, mathematics was called arithmetic, also known as arithmetic, and was one of the six ancient arts.

Basic Mathematics. Knowledge and application are an integral part of individual and group life. The refinement of its basic concepts dates back to ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.

and ancient mathematical texts in ancient India.

Since then, there has been a steady stream of development. But then algebra and geometry.

It has remained independent for a long time. Mathematics is used in many different fields, including science, engineering, medicine, and economics.

in the history of mankind.

Mathematics plays an irreplaceable role in development and social life, and it is also an indispensable basic tool for learning and researching modern science and technology.

Mathematics originated in the early production activities of human beings, and the ancient Babylonians had accumulated a certain amount of mathematical knowledge since ancient times and could apply practical problems. From the perspective of mathematics itself, their mathematical knowledge is only obtained through observation and experience, and there is no comprehensive conclusion and proof, but it is also necessary to fully affirm their contributions to mathematics.

The knowledge and application of basic mathematics is an integral part of individual and group life. The refinement of its basic concepts can be seen in ancient mathematical texts in ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and ancient India. Since then, there has been a steady stream of development.

But algebra and geometry at that time remained independent for a long time.

Algebra is arguably the most widely accepted form of "mathematics". It can be said that since everyone started learning to count when they were young, the first mathematics they came into contact with was algebra. As a discipline that studies "numbers", algebra is also one of the most important components of mathematics.

Geometry was the first branch of mathematics to be studied.

It was not until the Renaissance in the 16th century that Descartes created analytic geometry, linking algebra and geometry, which were completely separate at the time. Since then, we can finally prove the theorems of geometry with calculations; At the same time, it can also be used to visualize abstract algebraic equations and trigonometric functions. Later, calculus was developed into more subtle forms.

The Bourbaki School of France, founded in the thirties of the twentieth century, held that mathematics, at least pure mathematics, is the study of abstract structures. Structure is a deductive system based on initial concepts and axioms.

According to them, there are three basic parent structures in mathematics: algebraic structures (groups, rings, fields, lattices,......Order structure (partial order, full order,......Topology (neighborhood, limit, connectivity, dimensionality, ,......).

Mathematics is used in many different fields, including science, engineering, medicine, and economics. The application of mathematics in these areas is often referred to as applied mathematics and sometimes provokes new mathematical discoveries and the development of entirely new mathematical disciplines. Mathematicians also study pure mathematics, that is, mathematics itself, without aiming for any practical application.

While much of the work begins with the study of pure mathematics, it may be possible to find suitable applications later.

Specifically, there are sub-fields that explore the connections between the core of mathematics and other fields: from logic and set theory (the foundations of mathematics) to empirical mathematics from different sciences (applied mathematics), to more recent studies of uncertainty (chaos and fuzzy mathematics). In terms of verticality, the exploration of their respective fields of mathematics has also become more and more in-depth.

1. The origin of mathematics: Mathematics is one of the oldest disciplines, and its origin can be traced back more than 10,000 years. However, very little information from before 1000 A.D. has survived. To date, only in ancient Egypt and Babylon have more systematic mathematical texts been found.

As far back as 15,000 years ago, humans were able to depict people and animals quite realistically. This is the germination of graphic awareness. The earliest evidence.

Later, the pursuit of circles and straight lines gradually began, thus becoming the earliest prototype of mathematical graphics. In daily life and production practice, there has gradually been a counting consciousness and counting system, human beings have explored a variety of counting methods, there are the beginning of knotted rope counting, using stones to count, language points and further using symbols, and gradually developed to the numbers we use today. Graphic consciousness and counting consciousness have developed to a certain extent, and the consciousness of measurement has been produced.

This series of developments gradually led to the complete discipline of mathematics that we are familiar with today, including arithmetic, geometry, algebra, trigonometry, calculus, statistics, and probability (in fact, it was originally created to study gambling) ......And so on, and it's still evolving.

2. Mathematics, which originated from the early production activities of human beings, is one of the six arts in ancient China, and is also regarded as the starting point of philosophy by ancient Greek scholars. Its evolution can be seen as the continuous development of abstraction, or the extension of the subject matter. The first abstracted concept is probably a number, and the recognition of something in common between two apples and two oranges is a breakthrough in human thought.

In addition to how to count the quantity of actual matter, human beings have also learned how to count the quantity of abstract matter, such as year. Arithmetic also came naturally.